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Optically-generated focused ultrasound for noninvasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh precision

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第11期11卷 2817-2831页

作者： Yueming Li Ying jiang Lu Lan Xiaowei Ge Ran cheng Yuewei Zhan Guo Chen Linli Shi Runyu Wang Nan Zheng Chen Yang ji-xin cheng Department of Mechanical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Graduate Program for Neuroscience Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Chemistry Boston UniversitBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biomedical Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Division of Materials Science and Engineering Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Biological Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02142USA

High precision neuromodulation is a powerful tool to decipher neurocircuits and treat neurological *** non-invasive neuromodulation methods offer limited precision at the milimeter ***,we report opticallygenerated focused ultrasound(OFUS)for non-invasive brain stimulation with ultrahigh *** is generated by a soft optoacoustic pad(SOAP)fabricated through embedding candle soot nanoparticles in a curved polydimethylsiloxane *** generates a transcranial ultrasound focus at 15 MHz with an ultrahigh lateral resolution of 83μm,which is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of conventional transcranial-focused ultrasound(tFUS).Here,we show effective OFUS neurostimulation in vitro with a single ultrasound *** demonstrate submillimeter transcranial stimulation of the mouse motor cortex in *** acoustic energy of 0.6 mJ/cm?,four orders of magnitude less than that of tFUS,is suffcient for successful OFUS *** offers new capabilities for neuroscience studies and disease treatments by delivering a focus with ultrahigh precision noninvasively.

关键词： SOAP stimulation precision

Converting Molecular Vibration to Mechanical Wave for Bond-Selective Imaging of Deep Tissue

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2015年第4期28卷 -页

作者： jie Hui ji-xin cheng Department of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USADepartment of Chemistry Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA

As an emerging label-free imaging modality with chemical selectivity and millimeter-depth resolvability, vibrational photoacoustic imaging provides a new avenue to map chemical content in biological tissue. It heralds the potential for detection of white matter loss and regeneration, assessment of breast tumor margin, and clinical diagnosis of vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis. In this work, we provide an overview of the development of bond-selective photoacoustic imaging and various biomedical applications enabled by this new technology.

关键词： Label-free Vibrational spectroscopy Chemical imaging

Enhanced thermoelectric and mechanical properties of Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3) alloy with dispersed yttrium oxide ceramic nanoparticles

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1758-1768页

作者： Cun-cheng Li Ming-Wei Zhang ji-Wu xin Lei Wei Wen-Yu Zhao School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000China School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore639798Singapore State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China

Reducing thermal conductivity while avoiding adverse interfacial reactions during sintering is crucial for improving the thermoelectric performance of Bi_(2)Te_(3)based *** ceramic nanoparticles are good candidates for achieving this *** this study,we designed and prepared a series of p-type Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3)nanocomposites decorated with Y_(2)O_(3)ceramic nanoparticles via ball-milling dispersion and spark-plasma *** to the chemical stability of the ceramics,no traces of atomic doping or interfacial reactions were *** measurements revealed that the Y_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles distributed along the grain boundaries acted as energy-dependent carrier-filtering centers to improve the scattering parameter and Seebeck coefficient,contributing to the elevated power factor even with a decreased electrical ***,the incorporated Y_(2)O_(3)nanoparticles and various defect structures they induced effectively strengthened the phonon scattering and suppressed the lattice thermal ***,a peak figure of merit(ZT)of 1.23 at 313 K was achieved for 0.4%Y_(2)O_(3)/Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_(3),which is 13%higher than that of the *** addition,the Vickers hardness of the composite material was 35%higher than that of the *** study demonstrates the effectiveness of ceramic nanoparticles in synergistic ally improving the thermoelectric and mechanical properties,which may be further extended to other thermoelectric systems.

关键词： Bi_(0.5)Sb_(1.5)Te_3 alloy Y_(2)O_(3) ceramic nanoparticles Microstructures Thermoelectric performance Mechanical properties

Photocatalytic activation of sulfite by N-doped porous biochar/MnFe_(2)O_(4) interface-driven catalyst for efficient degradation of tetracycline

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Green Energy & Environment 2024年第3期9卷 481-494页

作者： Long cheng Yuanhui ji jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Biomedical Research School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast UniversityNanjing211189China

A novel photo-catalytic system composed of N-doped biochars(NBCs),MnFe_(2)O_(4) and sulfite activation under ultraviolet(NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4)/sulfite/UV)was constructed to realize the efficient eliminate of tetracycline(TC).As the carrier of MnFe_(2)O_(4),NBCs were synthesized from alfalfa,which has large specific surface area,graphite like structure and hierarchical porous *** adsorption isotherm indicated that NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4)-2:1 had the best adsorption performance for TC(347.56 mg g^(-1)).Through synergistic adsorption and photocatalysis,the removal rate of TC reached 84%,which was significantly higher than that of MnFe_(2)O_(4).Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and Photoluminescence(PL)characterization results showed that the introduction of NBCs improved the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron and hole pairs and enhanced the photocatalytic ***,the adsorption,degradation mechanism and degradation path of TC by the catalyst were systematically analyzed by coupling HPLC–MS measurement with the theoretical *** the advantages of excellent degradation performance,low cost,easy separation and environmental friendliness of NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4),this work was expected to provide a new path for the practical application of biochar.

关键词： Biochar MnFe_(2)O_(4) Sulfite Adsorption Photocatalysis

Volume-averaged modeling of multiphase solidification with equiaxed crystal sedimentation in a steel ingot

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China Foundry 2024年第3期21卷 229-238页

作者： Xiao-lei Zhu Shuang Cao Rui Guan ji Yang Zhe Ning xin-gang Ai Sheng-li Li xin-cheng Miao The key Laboratory of Material Forming and Structure Property Control Anshan 114051LiaoningChina State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application Anshan 114009LiaoningChina School of Materials and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051LiaoningChina

Macrosegregation is a critical factor that limits the mechanical properties of *** impact of equiaxed crystal sedimentation on macrosegregation has been extensively studied,as it plays a significant role in determining the distribution of alloying elements and impurities within a *** improve macrosegregation in steel connecting shafts,a multiphase solidification model that couples melt flow,heat transfer,microstructure evolution,and solute transport was established based on the volume-averaged Eulerian-Eulerian *** this model,the effects of liquid phase,equiaxed crystals,columnar dendrites,and columnar-to-equiaxed transition(CET)during solidification and evolution of microstructure can be considered *** sedimentation of equiaxed crystals contributes to negative macrosegregation,where regions between columnar dendrites and equiaxed crystals undergo significant A-type positive macrosegregation due to the ***,noticeable positive macrosegregation occurs in the area of final solidification in the *** improvement in macrosegregation is beneficial for enhancing the mechanical properties of connecting *** mitigate the thermal convection of molten steel resulting from excessive superheating,reducing the superheating during casting without employing external fields or altering the design of the ingot mold is indeed an effective approach to control macrosegregation.

关键词： ingot casting multiphase solidification model equiaxed crystal sedimentation microstructure macrosegregation

NON-LINEAR OPTICAL IMAGING OF OBESITY-RELATED HEALTH RISKS:REVIEW

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2009年第1期2卷 9-25页

作者： THUC T.LE ji-xin cheng Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907USA Department of Chemistry and Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907USA

This review highlights the recent applications of non-linear optical(NLO)microscopy to study obesity-related health risks.A strong emphasis is given to the applications of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering(CARS)microscopy where multiple non-linear optical imaging modalities including CARS,sum-frequency generation(SFG),and two-photon fluorescence are employed simultaneously on a single microscope *** examples on applications of NLO microscopy to study lipid-droplet biology,obesity-cancer relationship,atherosclerosis,and lipidrich biological structures are discussed.

关键词： Atherosclerosis coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering lipid droplet mammary cancer non-linear optics obesity second harmonic generation sum-frequency generation twophoton fluorescence tumor stroma

Far-field super-resolution chemical microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第7期12卷 1246-1267页

作者： Mingwei Tang Yubing Han Danchen jia Qing Yang ji-xin cheng State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Intelligent Perception Research Institute Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311100China Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringPhotonics CenterBoston UniversityBostonMA 02459USA

Far-feld chemical microscopy providing molecular electronic or vibrational fingerprint information opens a new window for the study of three-dimensional biological,material,and chemical *** microscopy provides a nondestructive way of chemical identification without exterior ***,the diffraction limit of optics hindered it from discovering more details under the resolution *** development of super-resolution techniques gives enlightenment to open this door behind far-field chemical ***,we review recent advances that have pushed the boundary of far-field chemical microscopy in terms of spatial *** further highlight applications in biomedical research,material characterization,environmental study,cultural heritage conservation,and integrated chip inspection.

关键词： chemical details optics

Compound Product of Hypermatrices

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第1期37卷 169-183页

作者： cheng Daizhan MENG Min ZHANG Xiao ji Zhengping Key Laboratory of Systems and Control Academy of Mathematics and Systems ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Control Science and Engineering School of Electronics and Information EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201210China National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100149China.

The semi-tensor product(STP)of matrices is generalized to multidimensional arrays,called the compound product of *** product is first defined for three-dimensional hypermatrices with compatible orders and then extended to general *** different types of hyperdeterminants are introduced and certain properties are *** Lie groups and Lie algebras corresponding to the hypermatrix products are ***,these results are applied to dynamical systems.

关键词： Compound semi-tensor product hyperdeterminants hypereigenvalues and hypereigenvectors hypergeneral linear groups hypermatrices.

Polarization engineering in porous organic polymers for charge separation efficiency and its applications in photocatalytic aerobic oxidations

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 1000-1007页

作者： Kun Wu Pei-Wen cheng xin-Yi Liu ji Zheng Xiao-Wei Zhu Mo Xie Puxin Weng Weigang Lu Dan Li College of Chemistry and Materials Science Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and ApplicationsJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Guangdong Rare Earth Photofunctional Materials Engineering Technology Research Center School of Chemistry and EnvironmentJiaying UniversityMeizhou 514015China

Photocatalytic aerobic oxidation reactions are largely governed by the efficiency of charge separation and subsequent reactive oxygen species(ROS) generation. Herein, we report a polarization engineering strategy to promote the charge separation and ROS generation efficiency by substituting the benzene unit with furan/thiophene in porous organic polymers(POPs). Benefiting from the extent of local polarization, the thiophene-containing POP(JNU-218) exhibits the best photocatalytic performance in aerobic oxidation reactions, with a yield much higher than those for the furan-containing POP(JNU-217) and the benzenecontaining POP(JNU-216). Experimental studies and theoretical calculations reveal that the increase of local polarization can indeed reduce the exciton binding energy, and therefore facilitate the separation of electron-hole pairs. This work demonstrates a viable strategy to tune charge separation and ROS generation efficiency by modulating the dipole moments of the building blocks in porous polymeric organic semiconductors.

关键词： porous organic polymer local polarization photocatalytic aerobic oxidation charge separation reactive oxygen species exciton binding energy

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