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Heat Transfer Enhancement of an Automobile Engine Radiator using ZnO Water Base Nanofluids

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第4期29卷 1010-1024页

作者： muhammad QASIM muhammad SAJID KAMRAN muhammad AMMAR muhammad ALI jamal muhammad YASAR JAVAID Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyLahore 54890Pakistan Department of Chemical Engineering Technology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan

In this research paper, the forced convective heat transfer enhancement of a Suzuki Mehran(VXR) 2016 radiator(heat exchanger) along with pressure drop and friction factor by utilizing Zinc oxide(Zn O) water based nanofluids has been experimentally studied. Three types of nanofluids with different volumetric concentrations of Zn O nanoparticles(0–0.3%) were employed in order to understand its effect on heat transfer enhancement. The experimental setup was completely designed as closely as possible to the car cooling system. The experimentation has been done under laminar flow conditions(186≤Re≤1127) at different fluid volume flow rates(2–12 L/min) and constant fluid inlet temperature(70°C) to the automobile radiator. A maximum enhancement in heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number was obtained up to 41%, 50% and 31% by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles respectively. On the other hand, the mean enhancement in pressure drop and friction factor was obtained up to 47% and 46% by using nanofluid with the same volumetric concentration of nanoparticles i.e. 0.2% respectively. The experimental results also revealed that the heat transfer rate, overall heat transfer coefficient and Nusselt number of nanofluids increases by increasing the volume flow rates and volumetric concentration of nanoparticles. However, these thermal performance parameters of nanofluids started to decline when the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles was increased from 0.2% to 0.3%. Furthermore, pressure drop and friction factor of nanofluids increase by increasing the volumetric concentration of nanoparticles, while pressure drop increases and friction factor decreases by increasing the volume flow rate of nanofluids respectively. At the end, the thermal efficiency of automobile radiator with high cooling rates was obtained by using nanofluid with 0.2% volumetric concentration of nanoparticles.

关键词： ZnO nanoparticles heat transfer enhancement thermal efficiency automobile radiator

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Traffic Sign Detection with Low Complexity for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Hybrid Features

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 861-879页

作者： Sara Khalid jamal Hussain Shah muhammad Sharif muhammad Rafiq Gyu Sang Choi Department of Computer Science COMSATS University IslamabadWah CampusWah Cantt47040Pakistan Department of Game and Mobile Engineering Keimyung UniversityDaegu42601Korea Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan38541Korea

Globally traffic signs are used by all countries for healthier traffic flow and to protect drivers and ***,traffic signs have been of great importance for every civilized country,which makes researchers give more focus on the automatic detection of traffic *** these traffic signs is challenging due to being in the dark,far away,partially occluded,and affected by the lighting or the presence of similar *** innovative traffic sign detection method for red and blue signs in color images is proposed to resolve these *** technique aimed to devise an efficient,robust and accurate *** attain this,initially,the approach presented a new formula,inspired by existing work,to enhance the image using red and green channels instead of blue,which segmented using a threshold calculated from the correlational property of the ***,a new set of features is proposed,motivated by existing *** and color features are fused after getting extracted on the channel of Red,Green,and Blue(RGB),Hue,Saturation,and Value(HSV),and YCbCr color models of ***,the set of features is employed on different classification frameworks,from which quadratic support vector machine(SVM)outnumbered the others with an accuracy of 98.5%.The proposed method is tested on German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark(GTSDB)*** results are satisfactory when compared to the preceding work.

关键词： Traffic sign detection intelligent systems complexity vehicles color moments texture features

FPGA Implementation of Elliptic-Curve Diffie Hellman Protocol

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1879-1894页

作者： Sikandar Zulqarnain Khan Sajjad Shaukat jamal Asher Sajid muhammad Rashid Department of Aeronautical Engineering Estonian Aviation AcademyTartu61707Estonia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha61413Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Bahria UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia

This paper presents an efficient crypto processor architecture for key agreement using ECDH(Elliptic-curve Diffie Hellman)protocol over GF2163.The composition of our key-agreement architecture is expressed in consisting of the following:(i)Elliptic-curve Point Multiplication architecture for public key generation(DESIGN-I)and(ii)integration of DESIGN-I with two additional routing multiplexers and a controller for shared key generation(DESIGN-II).The arithmetic operators used in DESIGN-I and DESIGNII contain an adder,squarer,a multiplier and inversion.A simple shift and add multiplication method is employed to retain lower hardware ***,an essential inversion operation is operated using the Itoh-Tsujii algorithm with similar hardware resources of used squarer and multiplier *** proposed architecture is implemented in a Verilog *** implementation results are given on a Xilinx Virtex-7 FPGA(field-programmable gate array)*** DESIGN-I and DESIGN-II over GF2163,(i)the utilized Slices are 3983 and 4037,(ii)the time to compute one public key and a shared secret is 553.7μs and 1170.7μs and(iii)the consumed power is 29μW and 57μ***,the achieved area optimized and power reduced results show that the proposed ECDH architecture is a suitable alternative(to generate a shared secret)for the applications that require low hardware resources and power consumption.

关键词： Elliptic curve cryptography point multiplication key-agreement diffie hellman area optimized architecture FPGA

Mango Leaf Disease Identification Using Fully Resolution Convolutional Network

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第12期69卷 3581-3601页

作者： Rabia Saleem jamal Hussain Shah muhammad Sharif Ghulam Jillani Ansari COMSATS University Islamabad Wah Campus47040Pakistan University of Education Lahore54000Pakistan

Due to the high demand for mango and being the king of all fruits,it is the need of the hour to curb its diseases to fetch high *** leaf disease segmentation and identification are still a challenge due to variations in *** segmentation of the disease is the key prerequisite for any computer-aided system to recognize the diseases,i.e.,Anthracnose,apicalnecrosis,etc.,of a mango plant *** solve this issue,we proposed a CNN based Fully-convolutional-network(FrCNnet)model for the segmentation of the diseased part of the mango *** proposed FrCNnet directly learns the features of each pixel of the input data after applying some preprocessing *** evaluated the proposed FrCNnet on the real-time dataset provided by the mango research institute,Multan,*** evaluate the proposed model results,we compared the segmentation performance with the available state-of-the-art models,i.e.,Vgg16,Vgg-19,and ***,the proposed model’s segmentation accuracy is 99.2%with a false negative rate(FNR)of 0.8%,which is much higher than the other *** have concluded that by using a FrCNnet,the input image could learn better features that are more prominent and much specific,resulting in an improved and better segmentation performance and diseases’***,an automated approach helps pathologists and mango growers detect and identify those diseases.

关键词： Mango plant leaf disease detection CNN FrCNnet segmentation

Numerical and experimental investigations of liquid mixing in two-stage micro-impinging stream reactors

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2017年第4期25卷 391-400页

作者： Tianyu Guo Bin Ruan Zhiwei Liu muhammad Ali jamal Lixiong Wen Jianfeng Chen State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Research Center of the Ministry of Education for High Gravity Engineering and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China

A two-stage micro-impinging stream reactor(TS-MISR) that combined a first pre-mixing stage with a second micro-impinging stream reacting stage for continuous multi-component reacting systems has been built from commercial T-junctions and steel micro-capillaries. Both of operating parameters and reactor configurations,such as jet Reynolds number(Rej), volumetric flow ratio(R), the first-stage junction angle(φ), the connecting capillary length(Lc) and connecting capillary diameter(dc), had significant effects on the micromixing efficiency of the reactor. Such effects were investigated for both of the two stage structures, respectively, by experimental and CFD methods and were optimized for the best micromixing performance. Intensified micromixing among at least three reacting components can be achieved in a continuous mode by using TS-MISR; therefore, it is expected that the TS-MISR will produce products of higher quality with more uniform and stable element distribution.

关键词： mixing junction volumetric connecting reacting capillary length turbulence viscosity outlet

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Power System Stability using Virtual Synchronous Generator for Loading Management

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Power System Stability using Virtual Synchronous Generator f...

作者： muhammad Zeeshan jamal 华南理工大学

学位级别：硕士

The inertial response plays a vital role in electrical networks to reduce the rate of change of frequency（Ro Co F）following a contingency *** the inertia has a low or zero value due to a lack of synchronous generators,then the electrical network might experience large undesirable frequency *** overcome this problem,in previous research,mathematical methods have been emerged to enhance the system stability in current source based *** battery energy storage system embodies the isolated microgrid operates as voltage source and the implementation of the demand side management in which frequency is used as a communication *** requirement for inertia frequency response is *** this work,the power electronics methods to emulate virtual inertia have been found,developed and *** this research,an overview of existing methods has been presented,which includes the introduction of the principles and comparison between their advantages and *** on those techniques,an additional PID controller has been proposed for the isolated microgrids working as current ***,three control schemes to incite inertial responses have been proposed for the microgrids in voltage source type as follows: 1)swing equation method,2)low pass filter,and 3)an adjustable rate *** studies to test and compare the proposed methods have been ***,the corresponding dynamic models of investigated microgrids are created by Simulink graphical *** models allow the study of the voltage source based islanded network in similar conditions as the current source based system,and facilitates their ***,the project includes the comparison between the system behaviors with and without additional inertia control loops in islanded networks with and without rotating mass synchronous generators,*** different responses in the two source types also have been *** dominates the

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Piezoelectric energy harvesting from flexible delta wings

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2018年第4期8卷 267-271,299页

作者： jamal S.Alrowaijeh muhammad R.Hajj Engineering Mechanics Program Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia 24061USA Engineering Mechanics Program Virginia TechBlacksburgVirginia 24061USA

The potential for harvesting energy from a flexible delta wing using a piezoelectric bimorph is experimentally *** configurations of the proposed harvesting system were tested in a wind tunnel over a broad range of *** addition to evaluating the level of harvested power,an analysis is performed to extract critical aspects for the relation between speed,flexibility,geometry and the potential power that can be harvested from a clamped,cantilevered flexible delta wing at low angles of attack and low *** analysis provides an insight into parameters that impact energy harvesting from flexible membranes or elements.

关键词： Energy harvesting Delta wing Piezoelectric Bending stiffness Mass ratio

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Optimization of moderator assembly for neutron flux measurement:experimental and theoretical approaches

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2017年第5期28卷 7-12页

作者： Abdul Waheed Nawab Ali Muzahir A.Baloch Aziz A.Qureshi Eid A.Munem muhammad Usman Rajput Tauseef jamal Wazir muhammad Radiation Physics Laboratory Physics DepartmentCOMSATS Institute of Information Technology(CIIT)

A moderator of paraffin wax assembly has been demonstrated where its thickness can be optimized to thermalize fast neutrons. The assembly is used for measuring fast neutron flux of a neutron probe at different neutron energies, using BF03(U10and 200) and3He(U0.500)neutron detectors. The paraffin wax thickness was optimized at 6 cm for the neutron probe which contains an Am–Be neutron source. The experimental data are compared with Monte Carlo simulation results using MCNP5 version 1.4. Neutron flux comparison and neutron activation techniques are used for measuring neutron flux of the neutron probe to validate the optimum paraffin moderator thickness in the assembly. The neutron fluxes are measured at(1.17 ± 0.09) 9 105 and(1.19 ± 0.1) 9 105n/s, being in agreement with the simulated values. The moderator assembly can easily be utilized for essential requirements of neutron flux measurements.

关键词： Am–Be and 252Cf neutron sources BF3&3He detectors Paraffin wax Neutron flux Monte Carlo simulation

Classification of Citrus Plant Diseases Using Deep Transfer Learning

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 1401-1417页

作者： muhammad Zia Ur Rehman Fawad Ahmed muhammad Attique Khan Usman Tariq Sajjad Shaukat jamal Jawad Ahmad Iqtadar Hussain Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan Department of Computer Science HITEC UniversityTaxilaPakistan College of Computer Engineering and Sciences Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-KhrajSaudi Arabia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbhaSaudi Arabia School of Computing Edinburgh Napier UniversityUK Department of Mathematics Statisticsand PhysicsQatar UniversityDoha2713Qatar

In recent years,the field of deep learning has played an important role towards automatic detection and classification of diseases in vegetables and *** in turn has helped in improving the quality and production of vegetables and *** fruits arewell known for their taste and nutritional *** are one of the natural and well known sources of vitamin C and planted *** are several diseases which severely affect the quality and yield of citrus *** this paper,a new deep learning based technique is proposed for citrus disease *** different pre-trained deep learning models have been used in this *** increase the size of the citrus dataset used in this paper,image augmentation techniques are ***,to improve the visual quality of images,hybrid contrast stretching has been *** addition,transfer learning is used to retrain the pre-trainedmodels and the feature set is enriched by using feature *** fused feature set is optimized using a meta-heuristic algorithm,the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA).The selected features are used for the classification of six different diseases of citrus *** proposed technique attains a classification accuracy of 95.7%with superior results when compared with recent techniques.

关键词： Citrus plant disease classification deep learning feature fusion deep transfer learning