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Disappearance and appearance of an indigestible marker in feces from growing pigs as affected by previous-and currentdiet composition

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第3期8卷 643-651页

作者： Brandy m.jacobs John F.Patience merlin D.Lindemann Kenneth J.Stalder Brian J.Kerr Department of Animal Science Iowa State UniversityAmes 50010USA Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of KentuckyLexington 40546KYUSA USDA-ARS-National Laboratory for Agricultural and the Environment Ames 50010IAUSA

Background： Indigestible markers are commonly utilized in digestion studies, but the complete disappearance or maximum appearance of a marker in feces can be affected by diet composition, feed intake, or an animal＇s *** objectives of this study were to determine the impact of previous（Phase 1, P1） and current-（Phase 2, P2）diet composition on marker disappearance（Cr） and appearance（Ti） in pigs fed 3 diets differing in NDF ***： When pigs were maintained on the 25.1, 72.5, and 125.0 g/kg NDF diets, it took 5.1, 4.1, and 2.5 d, respectively,for Cr levels to decrease below the limit of quantitation; or 4.6, 3.7, or 2.8 d, respectively, for Ti to be maximized. These effects were not, however, independent of the previous diet as indicated by the interaction between P1 and P2 diets on fecal marker concentrations（P 〈 0.01）. When dietary NDF increased from P1 to P2, it took less time for fecal Cr to decrease or fecal Ti to be maximized（an average of 2.5 d）, than if NDF decreased from P1 to P2 where it took longer for fecal Cr to decrease or fecal Ti to be maximized（an average of 3.4 d）.Conclusions： Because of the wide range in excretion times reported in the literature and improved laboratory methods for elemental detection, the data suggests that caution must be taken in considering dietary fiber concentrations of the past and currently fed diets so that no previous dietary marker addition remains in the digestive tract or feces such that a smal amount of maker is present to confound subsequent experimental results, and that marker concentration have stabilized when these samples are col ected.

关键词： Adaptation Digestibility Fiber Indigestible marker Pig

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Duration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection at Diagnosis among New Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cases in Dehong, Yunnan, China, 2008-2015

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Chinese medical Journal 2018年第16期131卷 1936-1943页

作者： Ai-Hua Li Zun-You Wu Zhen Jiang jennifer m. mcGoogan Yan Zhao Song Duan National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Department of Epidemiology University of California Los Angeles California USA Dehong Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention Mangshi Yunnan 678400 China

Background： On diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） infection, a person may have been infected already for many years. This study aimed to estimate the duration of HIV infection at the time of diagnosis. methods： Newly diagnosed HIV cases in Dehong, China, from 2008 to 2015 were studied. Duration of infection at the time of diagnosis was calculated using the first CD4 cell count result after diagnosis and a CD4 depletion model of disease progression. multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the associated risk factors. Results： A total of 5867 new HIV cases were enrolled. Overall, mean duration of infection was 6.3 years （95% confidence interval [CI]： 6.2, 6.5）. After adjusting for confounding, significantly shorter durations of infection were observed among participants who were female （beta： -0.37, 95% CI： -0.64, -0.09）, Dai ethnicity （beta： -0.28, 95% CI： -0.57, 0.01 ）, and infected through injecting drug use （beta： -1.82, 95% CI： -2.25, -1.39）. Compared to the hospital setting, durations were shorter for those diagnosed in any other settings, and compared to 2008, durations were shorter for those diagnosed all years after 2010. Conclusion： Although the reduction in duration of infection at the time of diagnosis observed in Dehong was significant, it may not have had a meaningful impact.

关键词： China Delayed Diagnosis Human lmmunodeficiency Virus Infection

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Chaperone proteins as ameliorators of α-synuclein-induced synaptic pathologies: insights into Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1198-1199页

作者： Susan m.L.Banks Audrey T.medeiros Rui Sousa Eileen m.Lafer jennifer R.morgan Department of Biology Florida Southern CollegeLakelandFLUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology&Tissue Engineering Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMAUSA

α-Synuclein accumulation causes synaptic vesicle trafficking defects and may underlie neurodegenerative disorders:Neurodegenerative disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease(PD)and other synucleinopathies,impact the lives of millions of patients and their *** include PD,dementia with Lewy Bodies(DLB),multiple system atrophy,and several Alzheimer’s Disease *** are clinically characterized by intracellular inclusions called Lewy Bodies,which are rich in atypical aggregates of the protein α-*** dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are particularly susceptible toα-synuclein-induced aggregation and neurodegeneration,glutamatergic neurons in other brain regions(***)are also frequently affected in PD and other synucleinopathies(Schulz-Schaeffer 2010).

关键词： cortex Alzheimer insight

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Repeated video head impulse testing in patients is a stable measure of the passive vestibulo-ocular reflex

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Journal of Otology 2021年第3期16卷 128-137页

作者： m.muntaseer mahfuz jennifer L.millar michael C.Schubert Laboratory of Vestibular NeuroAdaptation Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA Department of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA

Objectives The video head impulse test(vHIT)is used as a measure of compensation yet it’s stability in patients with vestibular pathology is *** 144 patients(n=72 female,mean 54.46±15.8 years)were grouped into one of three primary diagnoses(Peripheral,Central,or mixed).Subjects were further categorized based on sex(male versus female),ear(left versus right;ipsilesional versus contralesional),age(six groups ranging from 19 to 84 years),and duration between visits(five groups,mean 191.46±SE 29.42 days,median 55.5 days).The gain of the VOR during passive head rotation was measured for each semicircular canal(horizontal,anterior,posterior).Results There was no difference in the VOR gain within any semicircular canal between the two visits(horizontal:p=0.179;anterior:p=0.628;posterior:p=0.613).However,the VOR gain from the horizontal canals was higher than the vertical canals for each visit(pmicircular canal gains at each *** was no difference in VOR gain between sex(p=0.215)or age groupings(p=0.331).Test-retest reliability of vHIT in patient subjects is good(ICC=0.801)and the VOR gain values across two separate visits were significant and positively correlated(r=0.67)regardless of sex,ear,age,or duration between *** The vHIT is a stable measure of VOR gain over two different times across a variety of vestibular patients with no influence of age or sex.

关键词： Video head impulse Vestibulo-ocular reflex Gain Peripheral vestibular hypofunction

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Contemporary management 3rd ed. 3rd ed.

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2003年

作者： Gareth R. Jones jennifer m. George

Includes index.

ISBN: (纸本)0071151214

Includes index.

关键词： management.

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Cardiac-specific knockout of ET_(A)receptor mitigates low ambient temperature-induced cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2012年第2期4卷 97-107页

作者： Yingmei Zhang Linlin Li Yinan Hua jennifer m.Nunn Feng Dong masashi Yanagisawa Jun Ren Department of Cardiology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative medicine University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA Department of Pharmacology Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang 830011P.R.China Howard Hughes medical Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390USA

Cold exposure is associated with oxidative stress and cardiac *** endothelin(ET)system,which plays a key role in myocardial homeostasis,may participate in cold exposure-induced cardiovascular *** study was designed to examine the role of ET-1 in cold stress-induced cardiac geometric and contractile ***-type(WT)and ETA receptor knockout(ETAKO)mice were assigned to normal or cold exposure(48C)environment for 2 and 5 weeks prior to evaluation of cardiac geometry,contractile,and intracellular Ca21 *** of the temperature sensor transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV1),mitochondrial proteins for biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation,including UCP2,HSP90,and PGC1a were *** stress triggered cardiac hypertrophy,depressed myocardial contractile capacity,including fractional shortening,peak shortening,and maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening,reduced intracellular Ca21 release,prolonged intracellular Ca21 decay and relengthening duration,generation of ROS and superoxide,as well as apoptosis,the effects of which were blunted by *** blotting revealed downregulated TRPV1 and PGC1a as well as upregulated UCP2 and activation of GSK3b,GATA4,and CREB in cold-stressed WT mouse hearts,which were obliterated by *** of HSP90,an essential regulator for thermotolerance,were *** TRPV1 agonist SA13353 attenuated whereas TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine mimicked cold stress-or ET-1-induced cardiac *** GSK3b inhibitor SB216763 ablated cold stress-induced cardiac contractile(but not remodeling)changes and ET-1-induced TRPV1 *** data suggest that ETAKO protects against cold exposure-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction mediated through TRPV1 and mitochondrial function.

关键词： low ambient temperature myocardial function ET_(A)receptor TRPV1 mitochondria

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Association between heart failure severity and mobility in geriatric patients: an in-clinic study with wearable sensors

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第9期19卷 660-674页

作者： Tobias Braun Anna Wiegard Johanna Geritz Clint Hansen Kim Eng Tan Hanna Hildesheim jennifer Kudelka Corina maetzler Julius Welzel Robbin Romijnders Walter maetzler Philipp Bergmann Department of Neurology Kiel UniversityArnold-Heller-Straße 324105 KielGermany Department of Internal medicine I Christian-Albrechts-University of KielArnold-Heller-Straße 324105 KielGermany Department of Applied Health Sciences Division of PhysiotherapyHochschule für Gesundheit(University of Applied Sciences)Gesundheits-campus 6-844801 BochumGermany HSD Hochschule Döpfer(University of Applied Sciences) Waidmarkt 3 und 950676 CologneGermany

BACKGROUND Individuals with heart failure(HF) frequently experience limitations in mobility, but specific aspects of these limitations are not well understood. This study investigated the association of HF severity, based on the New York Heart Association(NYHA) classes, with digital mobility outcomes(DmOs) and handgrip strength in older inpatients with *** For this explorative analysis, hospital admission and discharge data from an ongoing, prospective cohort study were used. The sample included older participants with HF and a sub-sample of heart-healthy individuals. Participants were equipped with a wearable inertial measurement unit(ImU) system during mobility performance(balancing, sit-to-stand transfer,walking). We analyzed the association between 17 DmOs and HF severity with multiple linear regression *** The total sample included 61 older participants(65–97 years of age, 55.7% female). Of all DmOs, only sway path in a semi-tandem stance position(m/s^(2)) showed a relevant association with NYHA classes(admission: β =-0.28, P = 0.09;discharge:β =-0.39, P = 0.02). Handgrip strength showed a trend towards a significant association(admission: β =-0.15, P = 0.10;discharge:β =-0.15, P = 0.19).CONCLUSIONS This is to our best knowledge the first analysis on the association of HF severity and ImU-based DmOs. Sway path and handgrip strength may be the most promising parameters for monitoring mobility aspects in treatment of HF.

关键词： severity wear limitations

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memory of conspecifics in male salamanders Plethodon cinereus： Implications for territorial defense

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 326-334页

作者： Nancy R. KOHN jennifer m. DEITLOFF Schuyler F. DARTEZ michelle m.WILCOX Robert G. JAEGER Department of Biology University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette LA 70504 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA 110 Insectary Pammel Drive Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA. The Louisiana Department ofWildlife and Fisheries White Lake Wetlands Conservation Area Gueydan LA 70542 USA. 100 Simon Latour Road Carencro LA 70520 USA

We investigated how exposure duration (time that two individuals initially interact) and separation interval (time between the initial interaction and a subsequent interaction) affect recognition memory of conspecifics in male red-backed salamandersPlethodon cinereus. Previous studies have demonstrated that this species aggressively defends territories. We recorded aggressive behavior to assess recognition memory, because aggression is more intense toward previously unencountered individuals compared to previously encountered individuals in this species. We found that with 15-min exposures and 5-day separation intervals, focal males did not spend significantly more time threatening ‘unfamiliar’ intruders than ‘familiar’ intruders. After either 8-hour exposures and 5-day separation intervals and 5-day exposures and 5-day separation intervals, focal males spent significantly more time threatening unfamiliar intruders than familiar intruders. These results suggest that male red-backed salamanders can remember familiar conspecifics (e.g., territorial neighbors) after at least an 8-hour exposure duration and that memory persists at least as long as 5 days. After 5-day exposure and 15-day separation intervals, we found no significant difference in aggressive behavior toward familiar and unfamiliar intruders. Long separation intervals (15 days) may lead either to loss of memory of previously familiar individuals or, alternatively, aggressive reassessment of individuals as only a change in behavior indicates positively that memory has occurred. Thus, variance in territorial defense within an individual may depend on its ability to recognize conspecific males.

关键词：记忆雄性黑色蝾螈暴露时间防御个体识别入侵者

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Effect of successive sprays on liquid distribution in fluidized beds

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Particuology 2021年第1期19卷 17-24页

作者： Cedric Briens Liliana Pardo Reyes Franco Berruti jennifer mcmillan Institute for Chemicals and Fuels from Alternative Resources Western University22312 Wonderland Rd.IldertonONN0M 2A0Canada Edmonton Research Centre Syncrude Canada Ltd942117th AveEdmontonABT6N 1H4 Canada

In processes such as Fluid Coking^(™),agglomerate formation should be minimized since it reduces the yield of valuable products,and degrades operability because of the fouling of *** experimental model,consisting of an aqueous solution of gum arabic with a dye,has been successfully developed to simulate the formation of agglomerates in the Fluid Coking^(™)process,where bitumen is sprayed into a fluidized bed of coke particles The particles wetted by a spray could be predicted by assuming that all the particles in the wake of bubbles formed from the tip of the spray jet have been wetted by the injected *** transfer of liquid from particles wetted with the spray to dry bed particles was relatively ineffective,as the number of wet particles increased by only 50%.With successive liquid injections,the proportion of the liquid trapped in agglomerates increases in latter injections:large agglomerates from earlier injections accumulate above the grid and are carried by gas bubbles into the spray jet cavity,where they seed fresh agglomerates.

关键词： Fluidized bed Liquid injection Agglomerate formation Fluid Coker

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COVID-19 seeding time and doubling time model:an early epidemic risk assessment tool

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2020年第3期9卷 3-11页

作者： Lei Zhou Jiang-mei Liu Xiao-Ping Dong jennifer m.mcGoogan Zun-You Wu Public Health Emergency Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China Global Health Center Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China

Background:As COVID-19 makes its way around the globe,each nation must decide when and how to *** many knowledge gaps persist,and many countries lack the capacity to develop complex models to assess risk and *** paper aimed to meet this need by developing a model that uses case reporting data as input and provides a four-tiered risk assessment ***:We used publicly available,country/territory level case reporting data to determine median seeding number,mean seeding time(ST),and several measures of mean doubling time(DT)for *** then structured our model as a coordinate plane with ST on the x-axis,DT on the y-axis,and mean ST and mean DT dividing the plane into four quadrants,each assigned a risk *** analysis was performed and countries/territories early in their outbreaks were assessed for ***:Our main finding was that among 45 countries/territories evaluated,87%were at high risk for their outbreaks entering a rapid growth phase *** furthermore found that the model was sensitive to changes in DT,and that these changes were consistent with what is officially known of cases reported and control strategies implemented in those ***:Our main finding is that the ST/DT model can be used to produce meaningful assessments of the risk of escalation in country/territory-level COVID-19 epidemics using only case reporting *** model can help support timely,decisive action at the national level as leaders and other decision makers face of the serious public health threat that is COVID-19.

关键词： Seeding time Doubling time Case report Risk assessment SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19

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