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A new approach to pedestal differentiation for soil loss estimation-a case study from a burnt area in north-central Portugal

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journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 45-54页

作者： Frank G.A.verheijen Martinho A.s.Martins sergio A.Prats jan j.Keizer Centre for Environmental and Marine studies(CEsAM) Department Environment and PlanningUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture Environment and Development(MED-CHANGE)Institute for Advanced Studies and ResearchUniversity of EvoraPolo da MitraAp.947006-554 EvoraPortugal GeoBiociencias Geotecnologias E Geoengenharias(GEOBIOTEC)Department Environment and PlanningUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal

soil pedestals have long been used as qualitative indicators of soil splash *** rangelands,plant-capped pedestals,generally grass tussocks,have also been used to quantitatively estimate soil loss since the first half of the twentieth *** agricultural lands,forests,and bad-lands,stone-capped pedestals have been used as qualitative and semi-quantitative indicators of active,'extreme'*** work has been reported on using capstone pedestal data for quantifying soil *** postulate that three distinct capstone pedestal types may be present in any given location and that a detailed analysis of a pedestal height histogram may be used to recognize their *** analysis can subsequently inform if soil loss can be reliably estimated and if so,which of the existing methods using pedestal height data will provide more accurate *** three proposed capstone pedestal types are:(1)neo-pedestals formed underneath surface stones exposed by(partial)removal of the soil surface cover;(2)endo-pedestals formed underneath stones that were buried in the soil but have been exposed by erosion;and(3)phoenix-pedestals formed underneath stones from collapsed *** the pedestal height histogram of any given location,a skew to smaller heights may indicate the existence of endo-and/or phoenix-pedestals,which may be revealed as a bi-(or tri)modal distribution when using a smaller bin *** concept was applied to a case study where soil loss had been monitored for control plots and mulched plots during a 5-year period following wildfire in a eucalypt *** measured pedestal heights and used methods to quantitatively assess soil loss from soil pedestal data in the available *** pedestal data at the end of the 5-year period under or overestimated soil loss in the control treatment,with results ranging from 60 to 115%of measured soil loss,depending on the *** is postulated that phoenix-and endo-pedestals may be a driving fact

关键词： soil pedestals Mulch Wildfire soil erosion Char

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Machine learning-enhanced Monte Carlo and subset simulations for advanced risk assessment in transportation infrastructure

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journal of Mountain science 2024年第2期21卷 690-717页

作者： Furquan AHMAD Pijush sAMUI s.s.MIsHRA Department of Civil Engineering National Institute of TechnologyPatna 800006India

The maintenance of safety and dependability in rail and road embankments is of utmost importance in order to facilitate the smooth operation of transportation *** study introduces a comprehensive methodology for soil slope stability evaluation,employing Monte Carlo simulation(MCs)and subset simulation(ss)with the"UPss 3.0 Add-in"in *** on an 11.693-meter embankment with a soil slope(inclination ratio of 2H:1v),the investigation considers earthquake coefficients(kh)and pore water pressure ratios(ru)following Indian zoning *** chance of slope failure showed a considerable increase as the Coefficient of variation(COv),seismic coefficients(kh),and pore water pressure ratios(ru)experienced an *** ss approach showed exceptional efficacy in calculating odds of failure that are notably *** computational modeling,the study optimized the worst-case scenario using ANFIs-GA,ANFIs-GWO,ANFIs-PsO,and ANFIs-BBO *** ANFIs-PsO model exhibits exceptional accuracy(training R2=0.9011,RMsE=0.0549;testing R2=0.8968,RMsE=0.0615),emerging as the most *** study highlights the significance of conducting thorough risk assessments and offers practical insights into evaluating and improving the stability of soil slopes in transportation *** findings contribute to the enhancement of safety and reliability in real-world situations.

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation subset simulation Machine Learning seismic coefficient

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Translating Difference:Reflections on the Interface between Novelistic Discourse and World Literature

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journal of Foreign Languages and Cultures 2024年第1期8卷 16-30页

作者： E.v.RAMAKRIsHNAN Central University of Gujarat

The present essay examines two moments from the evolution of the modern Malayalam novel,in relation to the reception of two classics in world literature,namely victor Hugo's Les Miserables translated into Malayalam between 1925 and 1927 and Garcia Marquez's One Hundred Years of solitude translated in *** translation of Hugo's novel energized the scene of Malayalam fiction by infusing new modes of representation and widening the intellectual horizons of writers in general,and novelists in *** echoes of Les Miserables could be heard in Malayalam fiction well into the *** struggles against colonial and feudal authorities in Kerala,provided a fertile context for the imaginative interpretation of Hugo's humanist *** paper illustrates this point through close readings of critical essays,autobiographical narratives and debates on the nature of *** fascination of Malayali readers with Garcia Marquez has resulted in the translation of his entire corpus into *** realism as pioneered by Garcia Marquez liberated the Malayalam novelistic narrative from social realist and modernist *** colonial disruption of oral narratives,the consequent cultural amnesia and the struggle to reclaim one's forgotten past are themes that struck a chord in Malayalam writers of *** a detailed discussion of the novel,Moustache by ***,the interface between novelistic discourse and world literature is mapped in the latter part of the essay.

关键词： Malayalam literature translation difference world literature magic realism caste resistance

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A glycine-rich nuclear effector vdCE51 of verticillium dahliae suppresses plant immune responses by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2

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The Crop journal 2024年第4期12卷 1137-1149页

作者： Chi Li Yingqi Huang Wenjing shang jieyin Chen steven j.Klosterman Krishna v.subbarao jun Qin Xiaoping Hu state Key Laboratory of Crop stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina state Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Western Agricultural Research Center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangji 831100XinjiangChina Agricultural Research service United States Department of AgricultureSalinasCA 93905USA Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisc/o United States Agricultural Research StationSalinasCA 93905USA

verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes great yield losses in many cash *** of this fungus are known to regulate plant immunity but the mechanism much remains unclear.A glycine-rich nuclear effector,vdCE51,was able to suppress immune responses in tobacco against Botrytis cinerea and sclerotinia *** effector was a required factor for full virulence of ***,and its nuclear localization was a requisite for suppressing plant *** thioredoxin GhTRXH2,identified as a positive regulator of plant immunity,was a host target of *** findings show a virulence regulating mechanism whereby the secreted nuclear effector vdCE51 interferes with the transcription of PR genes,and the sA signaling pathway by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2,thus suppressing plant immunity.

关键词： verticillium dahliae Plant immunity Effector Thioredoxin

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Chronic hepatitis B and occult infection in chemotherapy patients-evaluation in oncology and hemato-oncology settings:The CHOICE study

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World journal of virology 2024年第1期13卷 61-68页

作者： Nayana sudevan Manish Manrai T v s v G K Tilak Harshit Khurana Harikrishnan Premdeep Department of Internal Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India Department of Gastroenterology Command Hospital Cantonment RdSadar BazaarCantonmentLucknowUttar PradeshIndia 226002 Department of Internal Medicine Command HospitalBangalore 560007India Department of Geriatric Medicine Armed Forces Medical CollegePune 411040India

BACKGROUND Reactivation of hepatitis B virus(HBv)infection is a well-known risk that can occur spontaneously or following immunosuppressive therapies,including cancer *** reactivation can cause significant morbidity and even mortality,which are preventable if at-risk individuals are identified through screening and started on antiviral *** To determine the prevalence of chronic HBv(CHB)and occult HBv infection(OBI)among oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing *** In this observational study,the prevalence of CHB and OBI was assessed among patients receiving *** markers of HBv infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)/anti-hepatitis B core antigen(HBc)]were evaluated for all *** DNA levels were assessed in those who tested negative for HBsAg but positive for total *** The prevalence of CHB in the study cohort was determined to be 2.3%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.0-4.2].Additionally,the prevalence of OBI among the study participants was found to be 0.8%(95%CI:0.2-2.3).CONCLUsION The findings of this study highlight the importance of screening for hepatitis B infection in oncology and hematology-oncology patients undergoing *** individuals with CHB and OBI is crucial for implementing appropriate antiviral prophylaxis to prevent the reactivation of HBv infection,which can lead to increased morbidity and mortality.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus Chronic hepatitis B Occult B infection Oncology Hepatitis B reactivation Hematologyoncology

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In vivo measurement of NADH fluorescence lifetime in skeletal muscle via -ber-coupled time-correlated single photon counting

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journal of Innovative Optical Health sciences 2024年第1期17卷 121-134页

作者： Kathryn M.Priest jacob v.schluns Nathania Nischal Colton L.Gattis jeffrey C.Wolchok Timothy j.Muldoon Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Arkansas FayettevilleARUSA

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH)is a cofactor that serves to shuttle electrons during metabolic processes such as glycolysis,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOs).NADH is autofluorescent,and itsfluorescence lifetime can be used to infer metabolic dynamics in living ***-coupled time-correlated single photon counting(TCsPC)equipped with an implantable needle probe can be used to measure NADH lifetime in vivo,enabling investigation of changing metabolic demand during muscle contraction or tissue *** study illustrates a proof of concept for point-based,minimally-invasive NADHfluorescence lifetime measurement in *** muscle loss(vML)injuries were created in the left tibialis anterior(TA)muscle of male sprague Dawley *** lifetime measurements were collected before,during,and after a 30 s tetanic contraction in the injured and uninjured TA muscles,which was subsequently-t to a biexponential decay model to yield a metric of NADH utilization(cytoplasmic vs protein-bound NADH,the A11/A22 ratio).On average,this ratio was higher during and after contraction in uninjured muscle compared to muscle at rest,suggesting higher levels of free NADH in contracting and recovering muscle,indicating increased rates of *** injured muscle,this ratio was higher than uninjured muscle overall but decreased over time,which is consistent with current knowledge of inflammatory response to injury,suggesting tissue regeneration has *** data suggest that-ber-coupled TCsPC has the potential to measure changes in NADH binding in vivo in a minimally invasive manner that requires further investigation.

关键词： Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation energy metabolism volumetric muscle loss

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Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov v.F.Gromov O.j.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAs MoscowRussia University of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(state University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov Moscow state University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPs results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

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露天矿边坡监测预警体系及变形速率阈值确定方法

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煤炭科学技术 2024年

作者：韩流陈祥宸舒继森 Gerson.s.v. Tovele 中国矿业大学矿业工程学院

边坡监测是保障露天矿人员设备安全的最后一道防线，完善的边坡监测预警体系和准确的预警阈值是实现监测效果的重要途径，然而，现有的监测系统存在独立运行、无法互补，预警阈值设定缺少依据等问题，这正是我国露天矿边坡监测亟待解决... 详细信息

边坡监测是保障露天矿人员设备安全的最后一道防线，完善的边坡监测预警体系和准确的预警阈值是实现监测效果的重要途径，然而，现有的监测系统存在独立运行、无法互补，预警阈值设定缺少依据等问题，这正是我国露天矿边坡监测亟待解决的重要科学问题。以重力式滑坡为研究对象，根据累计位移量-时间曲线特征，将其分为渐变型、突发型和稳定型三类；根据滑面的形状将其分为圆弧滑动和平面滑动两类。对比分析了边坡雷达和GNss监测的优劣性，并基于刚体运动模型建立了边坡雷达监测单元的位移量和变形速率的误差解算模型，进而结合两种监测方法的优势提出了针对露天矿的“边坡安全评价-边坡雷达覆盖式监测-GNss精准预警”边坡监测预警体系。根据切线角预警判据，提出了基于关键切线角正切值倍数法确定边坡变形速率四级预警阈值，进一步根据同类滑坡加速阶段T值等分法确定关键切线角。对未发生过滑坡的露天矿边坡，给出了两种关键切线角和预警阈值确定思路。对两个露天矿边坡滑坡案例进行研究，确定了匀速阶段和关键切线角，给出了四级预警阈值，将阈值应用于边坡变形预警，结果表明：露天矿#1的阈值可及时准确的判定东帮变形所处的预警等级，并在第一次Ⅰ级预警信息发出后预留6h的应急撤离时间；露天矿#2的关键切线角可应用于确定不同阶段的阈值，但平均速率需要结合具体监测阶段的s-t曲线精准确定。变形监测体系和预警阈值确定方法为露天矿边坡监测的可靠性提供有力支撑。

关键词：露天矿边坡监测预警阈值关键切线角边坡雷达 GNss

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structural effects induced by dialysis-based purification of carbon nanomaterials

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Nano Materials science 2024年第4期6卷 475-483页

作者： A.D.veloso A.M.Ferraria A.M.Botelho do Rego A.s.viana A.j.s.Fernandes A.j.Fielding R.A.videira M.C.Oliveira CQ-vR and Chemistry Department University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro BsIRG iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and BiosciencesDepartment of Chemical Engineeringand Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and BioeconomyInstituto Superior TécnicoUniversidade de Lisboa Centro de Química Estrutural Institute of Molecular SciencesDepartamento de Química e BioquímicaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de Lisboa I3N and Physics Department University of AveiroCampus de Santiago Faculty of science Pharmacy and Biomolecular SchoolLiverpool John Moores University REQUIMTE/LAQv Laborat orio de FarmacognosiaDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Farm aciaUniversidade do Porto

Dialysis plays a crucial role in the purification of nanomaterials but its impact on the structural properties of carbon nanomaterials was never ***,a carbon-based nanomaterial generated electrochemically in potassium phosphate buffer,was characterized before and after dialysis against pure *** is shown that dialysis affects the size of the carbon domains,structural organization,surface functionalization,oxidation degree of carbon,and grade of ***,dialysis drives the nanomaterial organization from discrete roundish carbon domains,with sizes ranging from 70 to 160 nm,towards linear stacking structures of small nanoparticles （surface groups evolve into more oxidized carbon groups （e.g.,ketone and ester groups）.Investigation of the as-prepared nanomaterial by electron paramagnetic resonance （EPR） revealed a resonance signal consistent with carbon-oxygen centred ***,this study brings to light the selective affinity of the carbon nanomaterial under study to capture Na+ions,a property greatly enhanced by the dialysis process,and its high ability to trap oxygen,particularly before *** findings open new perspectives for the application of carbon-based nanomaterials and raise awareness of the importance of structural changes that can occur during the purification of carbon-based nanomaterials.

关键词： Nanocarbon surface functionalization NMR XPs Hydrophilic carbon Paramagnetic

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Compressive property and energy absorption characteristic of interconnected porous Mg-Zn-Y alloys with adjusting Y addition

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 171-185页

作者： j.A.Liu s.j.Liu B.Wang W.B.sun X.j.Liu Z.W.Han College of Materials science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials(Ministry of Education)Jilin UniversityChangchun 130022PR China Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) College of Biological and Agricultural EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022PR China Weihai Institute for Bionics-jilin University Weihai 264205PR China

In this study,interconnected porous Mg-2Zn-xY alloys with different phase compositions were prepared by various Y additions(x=0.4,3,and 6 wt.%)to adjust the compressive properties and energy absorption *** characterization methods were then applied to identify the microstructure of the porous Mg-Zn-Y and describe the details of the second *** tests were performed at room temperature(RT),200℃,and 300℃to study the impact of the Y addition and testing temperature on the compressive properties of the porous *** experimental results showed that a high Y content promotes a microstructure refinement and increases the volume fraction of the second *** the Y content increases,different Mg-Zn-Y ternary phases appear:I-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(6)Y),W-phase(Mg_(3)Zn_(3)Y_(2)),and LPsO phase(Mg_(12)ZnY).When the Y content ranges between 0.4%and 6%,the compressive strength increases from 6.30MPa to 9.23 MPa,and the energy absorption capacity increases from 7.33 Mj/m^(3)to 10.97 Mj/m^(3)at RT,which is mainly attributed to the phase composition and volume fraction of the second ***,the average energy absorption efficiency is independent of the Y *** addition,the compressive deformation behaviors of the porous Mg-Zn-Y are altered by the testing *** compressive strength and energy absorption capacity of the porous Mg-Zn-Y decrease due to the softening effect of the high temperature on the *** deformation behaviors at different temperatures are finally observed to reflect the failure mechanisms of the struts.

关键词： Porous magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Compressive behavior Energy absorption characteristic

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