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The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.Arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford j.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal j.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi j.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson j.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.j.Hubbard H.jeszenszky M.jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale j.miguel mas hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel j.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit j.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun j.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway john Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

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A review of potential conservation and fisheries benefits of breaching four dams in the Lower Snake River(Washington,USA)

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Water Biology and Security 2022年第2期1卷 10-22页

作者： Adam j.Storch Howard A.Schaller Charles E.Petrosky Robert L.Vadas jr. Benjamin j.Clemens Gary Sprague Norman Mercado-Silva Brett Roper Michael j.Parsley Edward Bowles Robert M.Hughes jay A.hesse Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Ocean Salmon and Columbia River Program17330 Southeast Evelyn StreetClackamasOR 97015USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service 911 Northeast 11th AvenuePortlandOR 97232USA Idaho Department of Fish and Game 600 South Walnut StreetBoiseID 83707USA Unaffiliated OlympiaWAUSA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife Corvallis Research Lab28655 Hwy 34CorvallisOR 97333USA National Marine Fisheries Service 650 Capitol MallSacramentoCA 95814USA Centro de Investigacion en Biodiversidad y Conservacion Universidad Autonoma del Estado de MorelosAv.Universidad 1001Col.ChamilpaC.P.62209CuernavacaMorelosMexico National Stream and Aquatic Ecology Center U.S.Forest Service860 North 1200 EastLoganUT 84321USA Independent Fisheries Consultant 191 Sooter RoadUnderwoodWA 98651USA Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife 4034 Fairview Industrial Drive SoutheastSalemOR 97302USA Amnis Opes Institute 2895 Southeast Glenn StreetCorvallisOR 97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation Sciences104 Nash HallCorvallisOR 97331USA Nez Perce Tribe Department of Fisheries Resources Management 120 Beaver GradeLapwaiID 83540USA

Abundances of important and imperiled fishes of the Snake River Basin continue to *** assessed the rationale for breaching the four lower Snake River Basin dams to prevent complete loss of these fishes,and to maximize their likelihood of *** summarize the science surrounding Sockeye Salmon(Oncorhynchus nerka),Chinook Salmon(***),steelhead(***),Bull Trout(Salvelinus confluentus),White Sturgeon(Acipenser transmontanus),and Pacific Lamprey(Entosphenus tridentatus).From this,we drew ten conclusions:(1)development of the Columbia River System(including the Snake River Basin)has converted mainstem rivers into reservoirs,altering fish behavior and survival;(2)most populations currently record their lowest abundance;(3)the Columbia River System dams reduce productivity of diadromous fishes in the highest-quality spawning grounds that could buffer against future climate dynamics;(4)past actions have done little to reduce impacts or precipitate recovery;(5)the Columbia River System constrains survival and productivity of salmon,steelhead and Bull Trout;(6)Snake River Basin salmon and steelhead remain at high extinction risk;(7)eliminating migration impediments and improving mainstem habitats are essential for maintaining genetic diversity and improving Bull Trout persistence;(8)the lower Snake River Basin dams preclude passage of adult White Sturgeon,constraining gene flow and recruitment;(9)the lower Snake River Basin dams impede dramatically passage of adult and juvenile Pacific Lamprey,and(10)Snake River Basin Pacific Lamprey is at high risk of *** the four lower Snake River Basin dams is an action likely to prevent extirpation and extinction of these *** from the Columbia River System can inform conservation in other impounded rivers.

关键词： Bull trout Impoundment Pacific lamprey Salmon Steelhead White sturgeon

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加拿大北极地区波弗特—马更些盆地伊利石/蒙皂石成岩作用及其与油气分布的关系

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天然气勘探与开发 1999年第2期22卷 16-25页

作者： j. Ko R. hesse 张闻林王世谦四川石油管理局地质勘探开发研究院

通过陆上和海洋22口探井的215个岩心和岩屑样品的详细研究,建立了波弗特—马更些盆地的伊/蒙(I/S)混层粘土埋藏—成岩作用演化趋势。波弗特—马更些盆地的伊利石化作用具有四种类型的I/S混层特征:无序、无序和有序混层、R1型有序以及R>... 详细信息

通过陆上和海洋22口探井的215个岩心和岩屑样品的详细研究,建立了波弗特—马更些盆地的伊/蒙(I/S)混层粘土埋藏—成岩作用演化趋势。波弗特—马更些盆地的伊利石化作用具有四种类型的I/S混层特征:无序、无序和有序混层、R1型有序以及R>1型有序I/S混层。伊利石层的比例一般随深度增加,而I/S混层的主要类型从无序向R>1型有序转变。在无序I/S混层段内伊利石含量增加很快,并随深度呈抛物线性变化趋势,而在有序I/S混层则增加缓慢并呈线性变化趋势。温度似乎是伊利石化反应的重要控制因素,而超压、岩性及其他地质因素明显对I/S组成的局部变化产生影响。伊利石化反应开始的门限温度高于50℃。从无序向R1型有序转化,从R1型向R>1型有序转化发生的温度分别是70°—110℃和110°—140℃。超压带和砂岩段内的伊利石化程度比正常压力段和页岩段更高。与正常压力环境相比,超压环境下I/S混层的快速成岩作用,可能与其较高的水/岩比率有关。同理可以解释砂岩段的情况,因为砂岩具有较高的孔隙度和渗透率。波弗特—马更些盆地的油气分布似乎与I/S成岩作用有关。油气藏位于无序I/S混层段内伊利石化活跃带之上或顶部,而极少位于有序I/S混层出现的深度之下。来自I/S成岩作用的蒙皂石水在油气的富集过程中起着重要的作用。

关键词：脱水成岩作用超压油气分布伊利石含量温度

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Reflection of intense laser light from microstructured targets as a potential diagnostic of laser focus and plasma temperature

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 10-16页

作者： j.jarrett M.King R.j.Gray N.Neumann L.Dhl C.D.Baird T.Ebert M.hesse A.Tebartz D.R.Rusby N.C.Woolsey D.Neely M.Roth P.McKenna Department of Physics SUPA University of Strathclyde Institut f¨ur Kernphysik Technische Universit?t Darmstadt York Plasma Institute University of York STFC-Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Institut fur Kernphysik Technische Universit?t Darmstadt

The spatial-intensity profile of light reflected during the interaction of an intense laser pulse with a microstructured target is investigated experimentally and the potential to apply this as a diagnostic of the interaction physics is explored numerically. Diffraction and speckle patterns are measured in the specularly reflected light in the cases of targets with regular groove and needle-like structures, respectively, highlighting the potential to use this as a diagnostic of the evolving plasma surface. It is shown, via ray-tracing and numerical modelling, that for a laser focal spot diameter smaller than the periodicity of the target structure, the reflected light patterns can potentially be used to diagnose the degree of plasma expansion, and by extension the local plasma temperature, at the focus of the intense laser light. The reflected patterns could also be used to diagnose the size of the laser focal spot during a high-intensity interaction when using a regular structure with known spacing.

关键词： high power laser laser-solid interactions plasma temperature diagnosis

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心脏多层CT对冠状窦与二尖瓣环和冠状动脉左旋支解剖学关系的在体分析:在经皮冠状窦二尖瓣环成形术中的应用

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2007年第4期3卷 57-58页

作者： Choure A.j. Garcia M.j. hesse B. S.R.Kapadia 刘少伟 Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Cleveland ClinicClevelandOHUnited States Dr.

目的:本研究旨在用心脏CT确定二尖瓣环(MA)与冠状窦(CS)以及CS与冠状动脉左旋支(LCX)之间的在体解剖学关系。背景:目前。

关键词：瓣环成形术左旋支二尖瓣环冠状窦解剖学特点二尖瓣反流二尖瓣脱垂标测后位发展阶段

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River Water Quality Assessment in Selected Yangtze Tributaries: Background and Method Development

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journal of Earth Science 2010年第6期21卷 876-881页

作者： Sonja C jhnig 蔡庆华 Department of Limnology and Conservation Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Gelnhausen Germany Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F) State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Water pollution is among the most severe environmental problems in China, particularly in the vicinity of residential and urban areas. In almost all Asian countries, river monitoring is predominantly based on the analysis of chemical data. However, biological data are a worthwhile addition for the determination of the long-term ecological status of rivers and are particularly well-suited in case of steep pollution and disturbance gradients. A tool for river water quality assessment using benthic invertebrates has been developed for selected tributaries of the middle reach of the Yangtze River. Site selection was supported by a preclassification considering physico-chemical and hydromorphological conditions. Following a stratified sampling design, 34 samples were taken in small and large streams in the subtropical mountainous area of western Hubei （湖北）（China） covering a pollution gradient, accompanied by an extensive field protocol on stream characteristics and （physico-） chemical water analyses. The proposed assessment system is computed as an average score per taxon. The challenge to further consider the additional impact from global change into the development of such tools is discussed.

关键词： benthic invertebrate biological assessment ecological quality organic pollution Hubei climate change.

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基于实体瘤疗效评价标准1.1版(RECIST1.1)中的体积阈值:肝转移瘤治疗效果评估

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第1期 121-121页

作者： K.S.Winter F.O.Hofmann K.M.Thierfelder j.W.Holch N.hesse A.B.Baumann 王品箫 Department of Radiology University HospitalLMU Munich

摘要目的根据临床经验确定肝转移瘤的体积阈值,以评估肝转移瘤的治疗效果及其进展,并使其与线性RECIST阈值保持一致。方法选取最初参加多中心临床Ⅲ期试验的

关键词： RECIST1.1 肝转移瘤

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Issues and Opportunities in Exotic Hadrons

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Chinese Physics C 2016年第4期40卷 8-21页

作者： R.A.Briceno T.D.Cohen S.Coito j.j.Dudek E.Eichten C.S.Fischer M.Fritsch W.Gradl A.jackura M.Kornicer G.Krein R.F.Lebed F.A.Machado R.E.Mitchell C.j.Morningstar M.Peardon M.R.Pennington K.Peters j.M.Richard C.P.Shen M.R.Shepherd T.Skwarnicki E.S.Swanson A.P.Szczepaniak C.Z.Yuan Thomas jefferson National Accelerator Facility 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport News VA 23606 USA Department of Physics Old Dominion University Norfolk VA 23529 USA Maryland Center for Fundamental Physics University of Maryland College Park MD USA Institute of Modern Physics CAS Lanzhou 730000 China Theoretical Physics Department Fermilab IL 60510 USA Institut fut Theoretische Physik Justus-Liebig-Universitat Gieben Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 D-35392 GieBen Germany Helmholtz Institute Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 45 D-55099 Mainz Germany Physics Department Indiana University Bloomington IN 47405 USA University of Hawaii Honolulu Hawaii 96822 USA Instituto de Física Teorica Universidade Estadual Paulista Rua Dr. Bento Teobaldo Ferraz 271 - Bloco II 01140-070 Sgo Paulo SP Brazil Department of Physics Arizona State University Tempe Arizona 85287-1504 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA School of Mathematics Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland GSI Helmholtzcentre for Heavy Ion Research GmbH D-64291 Darmstadt Germany Universite de Lyon Institut de Physique Nucleaire de Lyon IN2P3-CNRS-UCBL 4 rue Enrico Fermi Villeurbanne France Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Syracuse University Syracuse NY USA Theory Center Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility 12000 Jefferson Avenue Newport News VA 23606 USA Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter Indiana University Bloomington IN 47403 USA Institute of High Energy Physics Beijing 100049 China

The last few years have been witness to a proliferation of new results concerning heavy exotic ***, many new signals have been discovered that could be pointing towards the existence of tetraquarks,pentaquarks, and other exotic configurations of quarks and gluons. Theoretically, advances in lattice field theory techniques place us at the cusp of understanding complex coupled-channel phenomena, modelling grows more sophisticated, and effective field theories are being applied to an ever greater range of situations. It is thus an opportune time to evaluate the status of the field. In the following, a series of high priority experimental and theoretical issues concerning heavy exotic hadrons is presented.

关键词： quark meson exotic flavor pointing charm Belle sophisticated hadron situations

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High-yield synthesis and liquid-exfoliation of two- dimensional belt-like hafnium disulphide

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Nano Research 2018年第1期11卷 343-353页

作者： Harneet Kaur Sandeep Yadav Avanish K. Srivastava Nidhi Singh Shyama Rath jorg j. Schneider Om P. Sinha Ritu Srivastava National Physical Laboratory Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Dr. K. S. Krishnan Road New Delhi I I O012 India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research NPL New Delhi 110012 India Technische Universitat Darmstadt Eduard-ZintMnstitut f~r Anorganische und Physikalische Chemie 12 105 117 Alarich-Weiss-Str 12 64287 Darmstadt Germany DepartmentofPhysics andAstrophysics University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India Amity Institute of Nanotechnology Amity University UP Sector 125 Noida Uttar Pradesh 201313 India

Producing environmentally stable monolayers and few-layers of hafnium disulphide （HfS2） with a high yield to reveal its unlocked electronic and optoelectronic applications is still a challenge. HfS2 is a layered two-dimensional material of group-IV transition metal dichalcogenides. For the first time, we demonstrate a simple and cost-effective method to grow layered belt-like nanocrystals of HfS2 with a notably large interlayer spacing followed by their chemical exfoliation. Various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques confirm that these as-grown crystals exfoliate into single or multiple layers in a few minutes using solvent assisted ultrasonification method in N-cyclohexyl-2- pyrrolidone. The exfoliated nanosheets of HfS2 exhibit an indirect bandgap of 1.3 eV with high stability against surface degradation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that these nanosheets hold potential for electronic applications by fabricating a field-effect transistor based on few-layered HfS2, exhibiting a field-effect mobility of 0.95 cm2/（V.s） with a high on/off current modulation ratio of 10,000 in ambient conditions. The method is scalable and has a potential significance for both academic and industrial purposes.

关键词： two-dimensionalmaterials hafnium disulphide nano-crystals liquid-phase exfoliation environment-stabili~ field-effect transistor

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额颞叶痴呆的死亡速度快于阿尔茨海默病

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世界核心医学期刊文摘(神经病学分册) 2006年第1期 40-40页

作者： Roberson E.D. hesse j.H. Rose K.D. 张殿增 Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease 1650 Owens St. SanFrancisco CA 94158 United States Dr.

Background: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a common cause of non-Alzheimer dementia, but its natural history and the factors related to mortality in affected patients are not well understood. Methods: This retrospective, longitudinal study compared survival in FTLD (n = 177) with Alzheimer disease (AD; n = 395). Hazards analysis investigated the contribution of various demographic, neuropsychiatric, and neuropsychological variables and associated neurologic and neuropathologic findings. Results: The frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subtype of FTLD progressed faster than AD (median survival from retrospectively determined symptom onset, 8.7±1.2 vs 11.8±0.6 years, p < 0.0001; median survival from initial clinic presentation, 3.0±0.5 vs 5.7±0.1 years, p < 0.0001). Survival was similarly reduced in the related conditions corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy. Survival in the semantic dementia subtype of FTLD (11.9 ±0.2 years from onset and 5.3±0.4 years from presentation), however, was significantly longer than in FTD and did not differ from AD. Hazards analysis to determine factors affecting survival in FTLD showed no effect of age at onset, sex, education, family history, or neuropsychiatric profile. Among neuropsychological measures examined, impaired letter fluency had a significant association with reduced survival. Associated ALS significantly reduced survival in FTLD. The presence of taupositive inclusions was associated with the slowest progression. Conclusions: Frontotemporal lobar degeneration progresses more rapidly than Alzheimer disease, and the fastest-progressing cases are those with the frontotemporal dementia clinical subtype, coexisting motor neuron disease, or tau-negative neuropathology.

关键词：额颞叶痴呆阿尔茨海默病中位生存时间

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