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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari jennifer c.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang j.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric critical care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA department of chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon c.Daeschler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

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journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua jo jonggeol Na j.jay Liu Young-ju Kim Wangyun Won department of chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University department of chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University department of chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University department of chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy c, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LcAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDScHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg cO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： carbon capture and utilization

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NEcAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael j.Schmeisser Axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NEcAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized c-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NEcAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NEcAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NEcAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NEcAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NEcAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NEcAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NEcAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NEcAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NEcAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Status and prospects for symmetric organic redox flow batteries

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journal of Energy chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 125-143页

作者： Md Al Raihan c.Adam Dyker department of chemistry University of New Brunswick

As environmental concerns from fossil fuel consumption intensify, large-scale energy storage becomes imperative for the integration of renewable sources like wind, hydro, and solar with the electrical *** flow batteries, particularly those employing organic molecules, are positioned as a key technology for this purpose. This review explores the growing field of symmetric organic redox flow batteries(ORFBs) within this context. Unlike traditional asymmetric designs based on unique active materials for each electrode, symmetric ORFBs involve a single bipolar species for both electrodes. This review highlights the benefits of a symmetric design, and categorizes five distinct classes of organic bipolar molecules used in both aqueous and non-aqueous solvents. By providing a comprehensive overview of their cell cycling and performance characteristics, the strengths and weaknesses of the diverse categories of bipolar molecules are highlighted for both solvent systems, as are opportunities for future development. This should guide new research directions and advance the development of practical symmetric ORFBs.

关键词： Redox flow battery Symmetric battery Organic battery Aqueous electrolyte Non-aqueous electrolyte

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Thermal manipulation of plasmons in atomically thin films

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1179-1189页

作者： Eduardo j.c.Dias Renwen Yu F.javier Garcia de Abajo IcFO-Institut de ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860 Castelldefels(Barcelona)Spain IcREA-Institucio catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluis Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain

Nanoscale photothermal effects enable important applications in cancer therapy,imaging and *** effects also induce substantial changes in the optical response experienced by the probing light,thus suggesting their application in all-optical ***,we demonstrate the ability of graphene,thin metal films,and graphene/metal hybrid systems to undergo photothermal optical modulation with depths as large as>70%over a wide spectral range extending from the visible to the terahertz frequency *** envision the use of ultrafast pump laser pulses to raise the electron temperature of graphene during a picosecond timescale in which its mid-infrared plasmon resonances undergo dramatic shifts and broadenings,while visible and near-infrared plasmons in the neighboring metal films are severely attenuated by the presence of hot graphene *** study opens a promising avenue toward the active photothermal manipulation of the optical response in atomically thin materials with potential applications in ultrafast light modulation.

关键词： pump visible films

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Neutrino masses,cosmological inflation and dark matter in a variant U(1)B-L model with type II seesaw mechanism

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chinese Physics c 2021年第2期45卷 621-630页

作者： j.G.Rodrigues A.c.O.Santos j.G.Ferreira jr c.A.de S.Pires departamento de Física Universidade Federal da ParaíbaCaixa Postal 500858051-970João PessoaPBBrasil departamento de Física Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte59078-970NatalRNBrasil

In this study,we implemented the type Ⅱ seesaw mechanism into the framework of the U(l)B-L gauge *** achieve this,we added a scalar triplet,A,to the canonical particle content of the U(l)B-Lgauge *** imposing that the U(l)B-L gauge symmetry be spontaneously broken at TeV scale,we show that the type Ⅱ seesaw mechanism is realized at an intermediate energy scale,more precisely,at approximately 109 *** prevent heavy right-handed neutrinos from disturbing the mechanism,we evoke a Z2 discrete ***,as a result,we have standard neutrinos with mass around eV scale and right-handed neutrinos with mass in TeV scale,with the lightest one fulfilling the condition of dark *** developed all of these in this *** addition,we show that the neutral component of Δ may perform unproblematic non-minimal inflation with loss of unitarity.

关键词： models beyond the standard model particle-theory and field-theory models of the early universe neutrino mass and mixing

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Are Ni/and Ni5Fe1/biochar catalysts suitable for synthetic natural gas production?A comparison with g-Al2O3 supported catalysts

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第3期8卷 744-756页

作者： M.Gonzalez-castano c.Morales j.c.Navarro de Miguel j.H.boelte O.Klepel j.I.Flege H.Arellano-García department of Process and Plant Technology Brandenburg University of Technology(BTU)Cottbus-SenftenbergPlatz der Deutschen 1Cottbus03046Germany Applied Physics and Semiconductor Spectroscopy Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-SenftenbergKonrad-Zuse-Strasse 1Cottbus03046Germany department of Inorganic chemistry Institute of Materials Science of SevilleConsejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas(CSIC)Universidad de Sevilla(US)Avenida Americo Vespucio 49Seville41092Spain Institute of Materials chemistry Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–SenftenbergUniversitatsplatz 1SenftenbergD-01968Germany

Among challenges implicit in the transition to the post-fossil fuel energetic model,the finite amount of resources available for the technological implementation of cO_(2) revalorizing processes arises as a central *** development of fully renewable catalytic systems with easier metal recovery strategies would promote the viability and sustainability of synthetic natural gas production circular *** Ni and NiFe catalysts supported over g-Al_(2)O_(3) oxide as reference materials,this work evaluates the potentiality of Ni and NiFe supported biochar catalysts for cO_(2) *** development of competitive biochar catalysts was found dependent on the creation of basic sites on the catalyst *** lower Turn Over Frequencies than Ni/Al catalyst,the absence of basic sites achieved over Ni/c catalyst was related to the depleted catalyst *** NiFe catalysts,analogous Ni_(5)Fe_(1) alloys were constituted over both alumina and biochar *** highest specific activity of the catalyst series,exhibited by the NiFe/c catalyst,was related to the development of surface basic sites along with weaker NiFe-c interactions,which resulted in increased Ni0:NiO surface populations under reaction *** summary,the present work establishes biochar supports as a competitive material to consider within the future low-carbon energetic panorama.

关键词： Biochar catalysts carbon catalysts Ni catalysts NiFe alloy Bimetallic catalysts Synthetic natural gas cO_(2)methanation

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consumer transparency in the production chain for plant varieties produced using new genomic techniques

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aBIOTEcH 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： j.M.Lukasiewicz c.c.M.van de Wiel L.A.P.Lotz M.j.M.Smulders Wageningen University&Research P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

Plants edited with new genomic techniques(NGTs)currently fall under the Genetically Modified Organisms Directive(2001/18/Ec)in the European *** the proposal of the European commission,NGT plants are partially exempted from the regulations of this *** proposal makes a distinction between two categories of NGT plants:NGT-1 and ***-1 category plants are considered equal to plants obtained through conventional breeding *** plants will not be labelled for the consumer,although they will be labelled as ***-2 category plants may be labelled with additional information as a positive *** of seeds of varieties made with gene editing,but not the products,would mean that most steps in the production chain are transparent,but not the last step towards ***“right to know”and increasing knowledge of gene-edited food is a common theme in food labelling towards ***,we describe current labelling regimes and registers and how these may be applied to provide transparency on gene-edited products to ***,we also look into consumer studies,which indicate a greater acceptance of gene-edited food among consumers,especially when additional benefits such as sustainability are mentioned.

关键词： Labelling New genomic techniques consumer transparency Plant products

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Helicity Amplitude Analysis of Z_c(3900)~± in e^+e^- →π^+π^-j/ψ

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chinese Physics Letters 2016年第6期33卷 9-11页

作者：平荣刚 j.G.Messchendorp 苑长征 Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences KVI-cART University of Groningen

It is crucial to determine the spin and parity （jR） of Zc（3900）＋ for understanding its structure. We perform a helicity amplitude analysis on Zc（3900）＋ in the process e＋e- →π＋π-j/φ＊ with the hypotheses jP = 0-, 1＋, 1-, 2＋ and 2-. To estimate the significance of jP = 1＋ over other hypotheses, we perform a Monte carlo simulation study, and we also discuss the prospect of measuring the spin parity in the future experiment with a large data sample.

关键词： of on is Helicity Amplitude Analysis of Z_c in e for that

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