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Gastro-duodenal disease in Africa: Literature review and clinical data from Accra, Ghana

World journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3344-3358页

作者： Timothy N Archampong Richard H Asmah Cathy j Richards Vicki j Martin Christopher D Bayliss Edília Botao Leonor David Sandra Beleza Carla Carrilho Department of Medicine and Therapeutics School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Genetics and Genome Biology University of LeicesterLeicester LE1 7RHUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences School of Biomedical and Allied Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaAccra Box 4236Ghana Department of Histopathology Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE1 5WWUnited Kingdom Department of Pathology Maputo Central HospitalMaputo POBox 1164Mozambique Department of Pathology Medical Faculty of the University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology at the University of Porto(Ipatimup) Porto 4200-465Portugal Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude(i3S) University of PortoPorto 4200-465Portugal Department of Pathology Faculty of MedicineEduardo Mondlane UniversityMaputo POBox 257Mozambique

Gastroduodenal disease(GDD)was initially thought to be uncommon in *** others,lack of access to optimal health infrastructure and suspicion of conventional medicine resulted in the reported prevalence of GDD being significantly lower than that in other areas of the *** the increasing availability of flexible upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy,it has now become apparent that GDD,especially peptic ulcer disease(PUD),is prevalent across the continent of *** risk factors for gastric cancer(GCA)include Helicobater pylori(***),diet,Epstein-Barr virus infection and industrial chemical exposure,while those for PUD are ***,non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug(NSAID)-use,smoking and alcohol *** these,*** is generally accepted to be causally related to the development of atrophic gastritis(AG),intestinal metaplasia(IM),PUD and distal ***,we perform a systematic review of the patterns of GDD across Africa obtained with endoscopy,and complement the analysis with new data obtained on premalignant gastric his-topathological lesions in Accra,Ghana which was compared with previous data from Maputo,*** there is a general lack of structured cohort studies in Africa,we also considered endoscopy-based hospital or tertiary centre studies of symptomatic *** Africa,there is considerable heterogeneity in the prevalence of PUD with no clear geographical ***,there are differences in PUD within-country despite universally endemic *** *** is not uncommon in *** of the African tertiary-centre studies had higher prevalence of PUD when compared with similar studies in western *** additional intriguing observation is a recent,ongoing decline in PUD in some African countries where *** infection is still *** possible reason for the high,sustained prevalence of PUD may be the significant use of NSAIDs in local or over-the-counter *** prevalence

关键词： Gastroduodenal Peptic ulcer Gastric cancer Africa Pre-malignant Atrophy Intestinal metaplasia Duodenal ulcer Gastric ulcer

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Biomechanics of the anterior cruciate ligament:Physiology,rupture and reconstruction techniques

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World journal of Orthopedics 2016年第2期7卷 82-93页

作者： Christoph Domnick Michael j Raschke Mirco Herbort Department of Trauma Hand and Reconstructive SurgeryWestphalian Wilhelms University Muenster

The influences and mechanisms of the physiology,rupture and reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)on kinematics and clinical outcomes have been investigated in many biomechanical and clinical studies over the last several *** knee is a complex joint with shifting contact points,pressures and axes that are affected when a ligament is *** ACL,as one of the intra-articular ligaments,has a strong influence on the resulting ***,other meniscal or ligamentous injuries accompany ACL ruptures and further deteriorate the resulting kinematics and clinical *** the surgical options,anatomic relations and current evidence to restore ACL function and considering the influence of concomitant injuries on resulting kinematics to restore full function can together help to achieve an optimal outcome.

关键词： Biomechanics anterior cruciate ligament joint pressure anterior cruciate ligament rupture graft fixation anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

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CD99and CD 106(VCAM-1)in human testis

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Asian journal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 243-248页

作者： E. Verjnkorva M. Laato P. Pllnen Department of Anatomy Turku Graduate School of Clinical SciencesDepartment of Medical Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Department of SurgeryDepartment of Anatomy Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Turku

Aim: The expression of the cytokines IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α and the adhesion proteins CD99 and CD106 was studied in the human testis at the protein level. Methods: The expression of the cytokines and the adhesion proteins was assessed using immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Results: None of the cytokines studied was present in the human testis, but CD99 and CD106 (VCAM-1) strongly were expressed in all the testes investigated. CD99 was present in the interstitial tissue of the human testis as well as in the Sertoli cells. The identity of the CD99+ interstitial cells is unclear. CD106 (VCAM-1) was present in Leydig cells as well as the basal parts of the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules. In immunoblotting, CD99 was demonstrated at molecular ratios of 46-57 (kD). This is a novel isoform of the molecule. Conclusion: The human testis produces both CD99 and CD106 and as CD106 mediates cell binding to lymphocytes, it is possible that the human Leydig cells adhere to lymphocytes like the rodent Leydig cells. (Asian j Androl 2002 Dec; 4: 243-248)

关键词： testis prostate carcinoma hydrocele cytokines adhesion proteins CD99 CD106 IL-2 IL-6 IL-10 IFN-γ TNF-α

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ATOMIC　FORCE　MICROSCOPY　OBSERVATION　OF　MAGNETRON　SPUTTERED　ALUMINUM－SILICON　ALLOY　FILMS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1996年第4期9卷 263-266页

作者： j.W.Wu,j.H. Fang and Z.H.Lu (National Laboratory of Molecule and Biomolecule Electronics,Southeast University,Nanjing 210096, China

wo different surface morphology characteristics of magnetron sputtered aluminumsilicon(Al-Si)alloy films deposited at 0 and 200℃ were observed by atomic force microscopy(AFM).One is irregularly shaped grains put togther on a *** other is irregularly shaped grains Piled up in space. Nanometer-sized particles with heights from 1.6 to 2.9 nm were first observed. On the basis of these observations the growth mechanism of magnetron sputtered films is discussed.

关键词： magnetron sputtering Al-Si alloy surface morphology,atomic force microscopy,film growth mechanism

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Low Coercivity of Amorphous La-Co Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第12期14卷 943-945页

作者： ZHAO Tong-yun ZHAO jian-gao SHEN Bao-gen SHAN Zheng-sheng D.j.Sellmyer State Key Laboratory for Magnetism Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 Behlen Laboratory of Physics and Center for Materials Research and Anajysis University of NebraskaLincolnNE 68588-0113

The structure and magnetic properties of sputtered La-Co alloy films have been *** than 10A/m(100mOe)coercivity can be obtained in amorphous La_(100-x)Co_(x) films around x=80 and the coercivity of amorphous La^(20)Co_(80) film depends on the thickness of the *** magnetization behaviour has been examined for the films with different compositions through magnetic hysteresis *** excellent rectangular magnetic hysteresis loop was obtained for films with thickness less than 60nm.

关键词： alloy hysteresis amorphous

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Nitrogen transformations during pig manure composting

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第4期13卷 401-405页

作者： HUANG Guo-feng WU Qi-tang LI Fang-bai WONG j.W.C College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityWushanGuangzhou 510642 Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist UniversityKowloonHKSAR

Composting is now suggested as one of the environmentally and friendly alternative method for disposal of solid organic wastes, as it leads to minimization, stabilization, and utilization of organic waste. Transformations of nitrogen were investigated in co-composting of pig manure with different amendments, such as sawdust and leaves. Samples were analyzed for pH, total-N, soluble NH4-N, soluble NO3-N and soluble organic-N. The total-N increased after 63 days of composting, as well as the soluble NO3-N and soluble organic-N. Soluble NH4,-N increased significantly and showed peak values at day 7, thereafter decreased sharply and gradually to lower levels. Seed germination index (GI) showed that co-composting of pig manure with sawdust reached maturity after 49 days of composting, while co-composting of pig manure with sawdust and leases required shorter time for 35 days. Soluble NH4-N was significantly negatively ( P < 0.05) , while soluble NO3-N and soluble organic-N were significantly positively ( P < 0.05), correlated with seed germination index (GI). Addition of leaves in co-composting of pig manure with sawdust had no significant impacts on nitrogen transformations, but it was beneficial for maturity of pig manure compost.

关键词： pig manure composting nitrogen transformation maturity

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On Evolution Algebras

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Algebra Colloquium 2014年第2期21卷 331-342页

作者： j.M. Casas M. Ladra B.A. Omirov U.A. Rozikov Department of Applied Mathematics E. U.I.T. Forestal Pontevedra University of Vigo 36005 Spain Department of Algebra University of Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain Institute of Mathematics Tashkent 100125 Uzbekistan

The structural constants of an evolution algebra are given by a quadratic matrix. In this work we establish an equivalence between nil, right nilpotent evolution algebras and evolution algebras defined by upper triangular matrices. The classification of 2-dimensional complex evolution algebras is obtained. For an evolution algebra with a special form of the matrix, we describe all its isomorphisms and their compositions. We construct an algorithm running under Mathematica which decides if two finite dimensional evolution algebras are isomorphic.

关键词： evolution algebra nil algebra right nilpotent algebra group of endomor-phisms classification

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Colon cancer and the epidermal growth factor receptor:Current treatment paradigms,the importance of diet,and the role of chemoprevention

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World journal of Clinical Oncology 2015年第5期6卷 133-141页

作者： Baldeep Pabla Marc Bissonnette Vani j Konda Center of Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics Section of Gastro- enterologyDepartment of MedicineKnapp Center for Biomedical Discoverythe University of Chicago Medicine

Colorectal cancer represents the third most common and the second deadliest type of cancer for both men and women in the United States claiming over 50000 lives in 2014. The 5-year survival rate for patients diagnosed with metastatic colon and rectal cancer is < 15%. Early detection and more effective treatments are urgently needed to reduce morbidity and mortality of patients afflicted with this disease. Here we will review the risk factors and current treatment paradigms for colorectal cancer, with an emphasis on the role of chemoprevention as they relate to epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) blockade. We will discuss how various EGFR ligands are upregulated in the presence of Western diets high in saturated and N-6 polyunsaturated fats. We will also outline the various mechanisms of EGFR inhibition that are induced by naturally occurring chemopreventative agents such as ginseng, green tea, and curcumin. Finally, we will discuss the current role of targeted chemotherapy in colon cancer and outline the limitations of our current treatment options, describing mechanisms of resistance and escape.

关键词： Chemoprevention Colon cancer Epidermal growth factor receptor Western diet Curcumin Green tea Ginseng

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Magnetic filtration of an iron oxide aerosol by means of magnetizable grates

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China Particuology 2007年第1期5卷 140-144页

作者： A. Alvaro j.M. Rodríguez Paulo A. Augusto A.M. Estvez Department of Chemical Engineering University of Salamanca Plaza de los Caídos 1-5 37008 Salamanca Spain Department of Chemical Engineering University of Salamanca Plaza de los Caídos 1-5 37008 Salamanca Spain Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Porto Rua Dr. Roberto Frias 4200-465 Porto Portugal

The cleaning of gases with low concentrations of small ferromagnetic or paramagnetic particles is a difficult task for conventional filtration. A new alternative procedure, magnetic filtration, is used in this work. Iron oxide aerosol was generated by elutriation of iron oxide particles from a fluidized bed consisting of a mixture of Geldart-C iron oxide powder and large spherical Geldart-B sand particles. The aerosol was filtered by means of a magnetic filter which consisted of one, two or three iron grates staggered to each other. The experimental installation contained also an isokinetic sampling system and a Microtrac SRA 150 Particle Analyser. A theoretical expression for filtration efficiency was deduced from a previous model taking into account the different forces acting on the iron oxide particles. Experimental filtration efficiency matches quite well calculated theoretical efficiency. It was found that an increase in particle size, in thee number of grates or in the applied magnetic field produced higher filtration efficiencies up to 100% in some cases. In all filtration experiments pressure drop through the magnetic filter was very small.

关键词： Iron oxide aerosol Magnetic filtration Iron grates

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Contribution to the Cladonia mycota of Greece,including Cladonia graeca ***

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菌物学报 2011年第6期30卷 877-880页

作者： Harrie j.M.SIPMAN Teuvo AHTI Botanischer Garten & Botanisches Museum Freie Universitaet BerlinKoenigin-Luise-Str.6-8Berlin D-14195Germany Botanical Museum Finnish Museum of Natural HistoryP.O.Box 7FI-00014 University of HelsinkiFinland

From mid-elevation pine forest on the Aegean Sea island of Thasos 8 additional Cladonia species for the lichen mycota of Greece are *** have a wide distribution in Europe and reach their southern limit in *** schistose rock in the same area and on Evvia a new species is described,Cladonia graeca,which is probably related to *** and *** but contains fumarprotocetraric acid instead of psoromic or perlatolic acid.

关键词： TLC 显微镜观察菌物学

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