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A glycine-rich nuclear effector vdcE51 of verticillium dahliae suppresses plant immune responses by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2

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The crop journal 2024年第4期12卷 1137-1149页

作者： chi Li Yingqi Huang Wenjing Shang jieyin chen Steven j.Klosterman Krishna v.Subbarao jun Qin Xiaoping Hu State Key Laboratory of crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsCollege of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Western Agricultural Research center Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangji 831100XinjiangChina Agricultural Research Service United States Department of AgricultureSalinasCA 93905USA Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisc/o United States Agricultural Research StationSalinasCA 93905USA

verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes great yield losses in many cash *** of this fungus are known to regulate plant immunity but the mechanism much remains unclear.A glycine-rich nuclear effector,vdcE51,was able to suppress immune responses in tobacco against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia *** effector was a required factor for full virulence of ***,and its nuclear localization was a requisite for suppressing plant *** thioredoxin GhTRXH2,identified as a positive regulator of plant immunity,was a host target of *** findings show a virulence regulating mechanism whereby the secreted nuclear effector vdcE51 interferes with the transcription of PR genes,and the SA signaling pathway by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2,thus suppressing plant immunity.

关键词： verticillium dahliae Plant immunity Effector Thioredoxin

Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov v.F.Gromov O.j.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov Federal Research center for chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and ceO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of ceO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which ceO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).compared to In_(2)O_(3)and ceO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and ceO_(2).

关键词： cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

Reply to the note by Li Piani et al.

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 603-606页

作者： T.Li Piani j.Weerheijm L.j.Sluys TU Delft Stevinweg 12628 CNDelftthe Netherlands TNO PO Box 452280 AARijswijkthe Netherlands NLDA Faculty of Military Sciences1781 CADen Helderthe Netherlands

In 2017,a ballistic phenomenological model was proposed by the authors of Ref.[1] to numerically simulate the experimental depths of small caliber projectiles impacting walls made of *** opportunity for a new model in the field revealed from the observation that two older models recently used by the authors of Ref.[2] shared a linear relationship between the penetration depth P and the impacting velocity v_(O).

关键词： Penetration Adobe Modeling

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： Mukti Barua M.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy j.Wester channarayapatna K.Girish Peter v.chrystal velmurugu Ravindran Monogastric Research center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore complete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDc)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean meal[SBM]and canola meal[cM])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBM(413 g/kg)or cM(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBM group,though the SIDc of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDc of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Pved on the average SIDc of dispensable AA(DAA)in SBM with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDc of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,cys,Pro)were affected(Pc manner by *** the cM,the SIDc of N,average SIDc of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Pc of N and average SIDc of DAA and TAA were higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDc of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDc of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Pce on the SIDc AA was variable,depending on the protein source and *** results demonstrate that age-specific SIDc AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

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Efficient communication in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.Meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.v.Prabu j.Nageswara Rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.M.Abdeljaber R.Sekar jabeen Nazeer SRM Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University center for Research and Development(UcRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of EcE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and communication Engineering(EcE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The Wireless Sensor Network(WSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the WSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of WSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** Meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(MIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic Wing Antfly Optimization(HWAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the MATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

Intelligent Energy Utilization Analysis Using IUA-SMD Model Based Optimization Technique for Smart Metering Data

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journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2024年第1期31卷 90-98页

作者： K.Rama Devi v.Srinivasan G.clara Barathi Priyadharshini j.Gokulapriya Department of Information Technology Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennaiTamil Nadu 600029India Department of computer Applications Dayananda Sagar College of EngineeringBengaluru 560078KarnatakaIndia Department of computer Appliations Karpagam Academy of Higher EducationCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641021India Department of computer Science Rathinam College of Arts and ScienceCoimbatoreTamil Nadu 641021India

Smart metering has gained considerable attention as a research focus due to its reliability and energy-efficient nature compared to traditional electromechanical metering systems. Existing methods primarily focus on data management,rather than emphasizing efficiency. Accurate prediction of electricity consumption is crucial for enabling intelligent grid operations,including resource planning and demandsupply balancing. Smart metering solutions offer users the benefits of effectively interpreting their energy utilization and optimizing costs. Motivated by this,this paper presents an Intelligent Energy Utilization Analysis using Smart Metering Data(IUA-SMD)model to determine energy consumption patterns. The proposed IUA-SMD model comprises three major processes:data Pre-processing,feature extraction,and classification,with parameter optimization. We employ the extreme learning machine(ELM)based classification approach within the IUA-SMD model to derive optimal energy utilization labels. Additionally,we apply the shell game optimization(SGO)algorithm to enhance the classification efficiency of the ELM by optimizing its parameters. The effectiveness of the IUA-SMD model is evaluated using an extensive dataset of smart metering data,and the results are analyzed in terms of accuracy and mean square error(MSE). The proposed model demonstrates superior performance,achieving a maximum accuracy of65.917% and a minimum MSE of0.096. These results highlight the potential of the IUA-SMD model for enabling efficient energy utilization through intelligent analysis of smart metering data.

关键词： electricity consumption predictive model data analytics smart metering machine learning

Message verification Protocol Based on Bilinear Pairings and Elliptic curves for Enhanced Security in vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

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computers, Materials and continua 2024年第1期81卷 1029-1057页

作者： Nyangaresi v.O. Ghaib A.A. jasim H.M. Abduljabbar Z.A. Ma j. Al Sibahee M.A. Aldarwish A.j.Y. Ali A.H. Neamah H.A. Department of computer Science and Software Engineering Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo 40601 Kenya Department of Applied Electronics Saveetha School of Engineering SIMATS Tamilnadu Chennai 602105 India Information Technology Department Management Technical College Southern Technical University Basrah 61004 Iraq Department of computer Science College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Basrah Basrah 61004 Iraq college of Big Data and Internet Shenzhen Technology University Shenzhen 518118 China Huazhong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen 518000 China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China computer Technology Engineering Department Iraq University College Basrah 61004 Iraq Department of Mathematics College of Education for Pure Sciences University of Basrah Basrah 61004 Iraq Institute of Mathematics University of Debrecen Debrecen H-4002 Hungary Department of Electrical Engineering and Mechatronics Faculty of Engineering University of Debrecen Debrecen 4028 Hungary

vehicular ad hoc networks (vANETs) provide intelligent navigation and efficient route management, resulting in time savings and cost reductions in the transportation sector. However, the exchange of beacons and messages over public channels among vehicles and roadside units renders these networks vulnerable to numerous attacks and privacy violations. To address these challenges, several privacy and security preservation protocols based on blockchain and public key cryptography have been proposed recently. However, most of these schemes are limited by a long execution time and massive communication costs, which make them inefficient for on-board units (OBUs).Additionally, some of them are still susceptible tomany *** such, this study presents a novel protocol based on the fusion of elliptic curve cryptography (Ecc) and bilinear pairing (BP) operations. The formal security analysis is accomplished using the Burrows-Abadi-Needham(BAN) logic, demonstrating that our scheme is verifiably secure. The proposed scheme's informal security assessment also shows that it provides salient security features, such as non-repudiation, anonymity, and unlinkability. Moreover, the scheme is shown to be resilient against attacks, such as packet replays, forgeries,message falsifications, and impersonations. Fromthe performance perspective, this protocol yields a 37.88% reduction in communication overheads and a 44.44% improvement in the supported security features. Therefore, the proposed scheme can be deployed in vANETs to provide robust security at low overheads. © 2024 The Authors. Published by Tech Science Press.

关键词： Attacks bilinear elliptic curve cryptography (Ecc) privacy security vehicular ad hoc network (vANET)

A decomposition of light’s spin angular momentum density

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第8期13卷 1578-1589页

作者： Alex j.vernon Sebastian Golat claire Rigouzzo Eugene A.Lim Francisco j.Rodríguez-Fortuño Department of Physics King’s College LondonStrandLondon WC2R 2LSUK London centre for Nanotechnology LondonUK

Light carries intrinsic spin angular momentum(SAM)when the electric or magnetic field vector rotates over time.A familiar vector equation calculates the direction of light’s SAM density using the right-hand rule with reference to the electric and magnetic polarisation *** Maxwell’s equations,this vector equation can be decomposed into a sum of two distinct terms,akin to the well-known Poynting vector decomposition into orbital and spin *** present the first general study of this spin decomposition,showing that the two terms,which we call canonical and Poynting spin,are chiral analogies to the canonical and spin momenta of light in its interaction with *** canonical momentum,canonical spin is directly *** canonical and Poynting spin incorporate spatial variation of the electric and magnetic fields and are influenced by optical *** decomposition allows us to show that a linearly polarised vortex beam,which has no total SAM,can nevertheless exert longitudinal chiral pressure due to equal and opposite canonical and Poynting spins.

关键词： canonical momentum angular

complexed amino acid minerals ***-glycinate chelated minerals:Impact on the performance of old laying hens

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 395-408页

作者： Marcos j.B.Santos Maria c.M.M.Ludke Leandro M.Silva carlos B.v.Rabello Mércia R.Barros Fabiano S.costa clariana S.Santos jamille S.S.Wanderley Department of Animal Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil Department of veterinary Science Rural Federal University of PernambucoRecifePEBrazil

The present study was to evaluate the effect of trace minerals(Zn,Mn,and cu)from complexed amino acid minerals(ZMcAA)and bis-glycinate chelated minerals(ZMcGly)in laying hen diets on performance,internal and external egg quality,yolk mineral deposition,intestinal morphometry,and bone *** 78 to 98 weeks of age,400 White LSL-Lite strain laying hens were distributed in a randomized design with 4 treatments with 10 replicates per *** were distributed in a 2×2 factorial arrangement using either Zn,Mn,and cu of ZMcAA or ZMcGly source at 2 levels:low(20,20,and 3.5 mg/kg of Zn,Mn,and cu,respectively)or high(40,40,and 7 mg/kg of Zn,Mn,and cu,respectively).The analysis of variance was performed,and in cases where differences were observed,the means were compared using Tukey?s test(Pce and level of trace mineral supplementation had a significant impact on the performance of laying *** fed ZMcAA had higher egg production(P=0.01),egg weight(P=0.02),egg mass(P=0.01),and lower feed conversion ratio(P=0.05)compared to those fed *** ZMcAA supplementation showed higher albumen height(P=0.01),albumen weight(P=0.01),and eggshell thickness(Pcu(Pceived *** weight(P=0.04)and bone densitometry(PcAA *** the small intestine,ZMcAA resulted in longer villi(P=0.02)and shorter crypt depth(P=0.01)in the *** and ileum measurements were influenced by the level and source of trace minerals(PcAA exhibited superior performance,egg quality,deposition of trace minerals in the egg yolk,and bone density compared to hens fed *** this study,older laying hens supplemented with ZMcAA at lower levels demonstrated adequate levels of supplementation.

关键词： Bis-glycinates Metal-amino acids Radiodensity Trace minerals

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