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Measurements of dihadron correlations relative to the event plane in Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV

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Chinese Physics C 2021年第4期45卷 198-241页

作者： H.Agakishiev M.M.Aggarwal Z.Ahammed A.V.Alakhverdyants I.Alekseev j.Alford B.D.Anderson C.D.Anson D.Arkhipkin G.S.Averichev j.Balewski D.r.Beavis N.K.Behera r.Bellwied M.j.Betancourt r.r.Betts A.Bhasin A.K.Bhat H.Bichsel j.Bieleik j.Bielcikova B.Biritz L.C.Bland W.Borowski j.Bouchet E.Braidot A.V.Brandin A.Bridgeman S.G.Brovko E.Bruna S.Bueltmann I.Bunzarov T.P.Burton X.Z.Cai H.Caines M.Calderon de la Barca Sanchez D.Cebra r.Cendejas M.C.Cervantes Z.Chajecki P.Chaloupka S.Chattopadhyay H.F.Chen j.H.Chen j.Y.Chen L.Chen j.Cheng M.Cherney A.Chikanian K.E.Choi W.Christie P.Chung M.j.M.Codrington r.Corliss j.G.Cramer H.j.Crawford S.Dash A.Davila Leyva L.C.De Silvat r.r.Debbe T.G.Dedovich A.A.Derevschikov r.Derradi de Souza L.Didenko P.Djawotho S.M.Dogra X.Dong j.L.Drachenberg j.E.Draper j.C.Dunlop L.G Efimov M.Elnim j.Engelage G Eppley M.Estienne L.Eun O.Evdokimov r.Fatemi j.Fedorisin A.Feng r.G.Fersch P.Filip E.Finch V.Fine Y.Fisyak C.A.Gagliardi D.r.Gangadharan A.Geromitsos F.Geurts P.Ghosh Y.N.Gorbunov A.Gordon O.Grebenyuk D.Grosnick S.M.Guertin A.Gupta W.Guryn B.Haag O.Hajkova A.Hamed L-X.Han j.W.Harris j.P.Hays-Wehle M.Heinz S.Heppelmann A.Hirsch E.Hjort G.W.Hoffmann D.j.Hofiman B.Huang H.Z.Huang T.j.Humanic L.Huo G.Igo P.jacobs W.W.jacobs C.jena F.jin j.joseph E.G.judd S.Kabana K.Kang j.Kapitan K.Kauder H.Ke D.Keane A.Kechechyan D.Kettler D.P.Kikola j.Kiryluk A.Kisiel V.Kizka A.G.Knospe D.D.Koetke T.Kollegger j.Konzer I.Koralt L.Koroleva W.Korsch L.Kotchenda V.Kouchpil P.Kravtsov K.Krueger M.Krus L.Kumar P.Kurnadi M.A.C.Lamont j.M.Landgraf S.LaPointe j.Lauret A.Lebedev r.Lednicky j.H.Lee W.Leight M.j.LeVine C.Lil L.Li N.Li W.Li X.Li X.Li Y.Li Z.M.Li M.A.Lisa F.Liu H.Liu j.Liu T.Ljubicic W.j.Llope r.S.Longacre W.A.Love Y.Lu E.V.Lukashov X.Luo G.L.Ma Y.G.Mai D.P.Mahapatra r.Majka O.I.Mall L.K.Mangotra r.Manweiler S.Margetis C.Markert H.Masui H.S.Matis Yu.A.Matulenko D.MeDonald T.S.McShane A.Meschanin r.Milner N.G.Minaev S.Mioduszewski A.Mischke M.K.Mitrovski B.Mohanty M.M.Mondal B.Morozov D.A.Morozov M.G.Munhoz M Argonne National Laboratory Argonnellinois 60439USA Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNew York 11973USA University of Califomia BerkeleyCaliformnia 94720USA University of California DavisCalifornia 95616USA University of Califormnia Los AngelesCalifomia 90095USA Universidade Estadual de Campinas Sao PauloBrazil University of Illinois at Chicago ChicagoIlinois 60607USA Creighton University OmahaNebraska 68178USA Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPrague11519Czech Republic Nuclear Physics Institute AS Cr 25068 Rez/PragueCzech Republic University of Frankfurt FrankfurtGermany Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar 751005India Indian Institute of Technology MumbaiIndia Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47408USA Alikhanov Instiute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics MoscowRussia University of jammu Jammu 180001India joint Institute for Nuclear research Dubna141980Russia Kent State University KentOhio 44242USA University of Kentucky LexingtonKentucky40506-0055USA Institute of Modern Physics LanzhouChina Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCalifornia 94720USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA 02139-4307USA Mx-Planck-Institut fir Physik MunichGermany Michigan State University East LansingMichigan 48824USA Moscow Engineering Physics Institute Moscow Russia NIKHEF and Utrecht University AmsterdamThe Netherlands Ohio State University ColumbusOhio 43210USA Old Dominion University NorfolkVA23529USA Panjab University Chandigarh 160014India PennsyIvania State University University ParkPennsylvania 16802USA Institute of High Energy Physics ProtvinoRussia Purdue University West LafayetteIndiana 47907USA Pusan National University PusanRepublic of Korea University of rajasthan Jaipur 302004India rice University HoustonTexas 77251USA Universidade de Sao Paulo Sao PauloBrazil University of Science&Technology of China Hefei 230026.China Shandong University JinanShandong 250100China Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai 201800Chi

Dihadron azimuthal correlations containing a high transverse momentum(pr)trigger particle are sensit-ive to the properties of the nuclear medium created at rHIC through the strong interactions occurring between the traversing parton and the medium,*** measurements revealed a strong modification to di-hadron azimuthal correlations in Au+Au collisions with respect to ptp and d+Au *** modification in-creases with the collision centrality,suggesting a path-length or energy density dependence to the je-quenching *** paper reports STAr measurements of dihadron azimuthal correlations in mid-central(20%-60%)Au+Au collisions at√^(S)NN=200 GeV as a function of the trigger particle's azimuthal angle relative to the event plane,Ф_(s)=|Ф_(t)-ψ_(Ep)|.The azimuthal correlation is studied as a function of both the trigger and associated particle *** subtractions of the combinatorial background and anisotropic flow,assuming Zero Yield At Minimum(ZYAM),are *** correlation results are first discussed with subtraction of the even harmonic(elliptic and quadrangu-lar)flow *** away-side correlation is strongly modifed,and the modification varies withФ_(s),with a double-peak structure for out-of-plane trigger *** near-side ridge(long range pseudo-rapidity△_(η)correla-tion)appears to drop with increasingФ_(s)while the jet-like component remains approximately *** correla-tion functions are further studied with the subtraction of odd harmonic triangular flow background arising from *** is found that the triangular flow,while responsible for the majority of the amplitudes,is not sufficient to explain theφs-dependence of the ridge or the away-side double-peak *** dropping ridge withФ_(s)could be attributed to aФ_(s)-dependent lliptie anisotropy;however,the physics mechanism of the ridge remains an open *** with aФ_(s)-dependent elliptic flow,the away-side correlation structure

关键词： relativistic heavy ion collisions dihadron correlations jet-medium interactions anisotropic flow background event plane

Thermodynamic functions of ZrW_2O_8 from its heat capacity

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2012年第4期55卷 563-567页

作者： ji FengMin DAI XianXi stevens r GOATES j B College of Sciences Ningbo University of TechnologyNingbo 315211China research Group of Quantum Statistics and Methods of Theoretical Physics Department of PhysicsFudan University Shanghai 200433China Department of Chemistry Brigham Young UniversityProvoUT 84602USA

It is interesting to maximize the amount of information we can obtain from one experiment on a single sample. In obtaining all the thermodynamic properties of some materials from their experimental heat capacity data only, we aim to get the tempera- ture-independent energy spectrum. However, all the practical measured energy spectra depend on the temperature of experi- ments. One promising method to obtain the temperature-independent energy spectrum is to solve the so-called specific heat-phonon spectrum inversion （SPI） problem. Here we show, by developing a new practical solution method of SPI, the phonon spectrum of the negative thermal expansion material ZrW208 is obtained. This phonon spectrum is tempera- ture-independent and almost method independent. Hence all the thermodynamic properties of ZrW208, such as thermodynamic potential, entropy, Helmholtz free energy, etc. are obtained by heat capacity only.

关键词： holographic studies instability problems specific heat-phonon spectrum inversion problem DMF method

Diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy using an intraductal anchoring balloon

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第30期18卷 3992-3996页

作者： Mansour A Parsi Tyler stevens john j Vargo Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Digestive Disease InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOH 44195United States

AIM:To report our experience using a recently introduced anchoring balloon for diagnostic and therapeutic direct peroral cholangioscopy(DPOC).METHODS:Consecutive patients referred for diagnostic or therapeutic peroral cholangioscopy were evaluated in a prospective cohort *** patients underwent DPOC using an intraductal anchoring balloon,which was recently introduced to allow consistent access to the biliary tree with an ultraslim upper *** device was later voluntarily withdrawn from the market by the ***:Fourteen patients underwent DPOC using the anchoring *** access with an ultraslim upper endoscope was accomplished in all 14 *** 12(86%) patients,ductal access required sphincteroplasty with a 10-mm dilating *** placement of the ultraslim upper endoscope allowed satisfactory visualization of the biliary mucosa to the level of the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts in 13 of 14 patients(93%).Therapeutic interventions by DPOC were successfully completed in all five attempted cases(intraductal biopsy in one and DPOC guided laser lithotripsy in four).Adverse events occurred in a patient on immunosuppressive therapy who developed an intrahepatic biloma at the site of the anchoring *** required hospitalization and *** endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography 8 wk after the index procedure showed resolution of the ***:Use of this anchoring balloon allowed consistent access to the biliary tree for performance of diagnostic and therapeutic DPOC distal to the biliary bifurcation.

关键词： Anchoring balloon Direct peroral cholangioscopy Cholangiocarcinoma Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Choledocholithiasis

NEXT NEArEST NEIGHBOr EFFECT ON TETrAHEDrAL FErrOUS AND OCTAHEDrAL FErrIC IrON IN CHrOMITE

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Science China Chemistry 1986年第8期29卷 889-896页

作者：李哲,j.G.stevens Institute of Geology Academia Sinica Beijing Mssbauer Effect Data Center University of North Carolina Asheville U. S. A.

Four chromites have been studied by using Mssbauer spectroscopy. Of the spectra of four chromites studied, three spectra aro fitted to three or four Fe2+doublets in the tetrahedral A sites and one or two Fe3+doublets in the tetrahedral A sites and octahedral B sites. The fourth spectrum is fitted to one Fe3+doublet in the A sites and two Fe3+doublets in tho B sites. Constant isomer shifts of approximately 0.9 mm/s for Fe2+ions in the A sites and 0.3 mm/s for Fe3+ions in the B sites as well as gradual changing quadrupole splitting for both of the A sites and the B sites are obtained. The binomial distributions in the B sites are ealeulated. Next nearest neighbor effect is used to explain the multiple doublets caused by Fe2+ions in the A sites in the spectra of chromites Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and by Fe3+ions in the B sites in the spectrum of chromite Ⅳ.

关键词： tetrahedral octahedral fitted NEXT neighbor explain nearest splitting fourth umber

Effect of nitrogen addition, form and clipping on competitive interactions between grassland species

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journal of Plant Ecology 2014年第3期7卷 222-230页

作者： Carly j.stevens David j.G.Gowing Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Department of Earth Environment and EcosystemsThe Open UniversityWalton HallMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Aims Although the effects of N addition on plant biomass are well understood,we know a lot less about the importance of N form even though some studies have shown different impacts from reduced and oxidized forms of ***,responses to grazing are likely to interact with the response to N *** experiment investigates the interactive effects of N addition and form with clipping on competition between three grassland *** The three species(Anthoxanthum odoratum L.,Plantago lanceolata *** Prunella vulgaris L.)were grown alone and in combination with factorial additions of deionized water,sodium nitrate and ammonium chloride,and a clipping ***-and belowground biomass was harvested after 4 *** Findings In monocultures,the results show increases in biomass with N addition,but clipping resulted in fewer changes with species displaying varying degrees of growth *** was the strongest competitor when grown with other *** monocultures without clipping,N form was not important,but in the presence of clipping and in different species combinations,N form became *** two-and three-way interactive effects were observed showing that complex interactions exist between N addition,clipping and species *** results have important implications when considering the effects of N deposition.

关键词： aboveground biomass ammonium grazing nitrate root biomass

Exploring nationally and regionally defined models for large area population mapping

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International journal of Digital Earth 2015年第12期8卷 989-1006页

作者： A.E.Gaughan F.r.stevens C.Linard N.N.Patel A.j.Tatem Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Biological Control and Spatial Ecology UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Geography and Geoinformation Science George Mason UniversityFairfaxVAUSA Department of Geography and Environment University of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Fogarty International Center National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden

Interactions between humans,diseases,and the environment take place across a range of temporal and spatial scales,making accurate,contemporary data on human population distributions critical for a variety of *** for disaggregating census data to finer-scale,gridded population density estimates continue to be refined as computational power increases and more detailed census,input,and validation datasets become ***,the availability of spatially detailed census data still varies widely by *** this study,we develop quantitative guidelines for choosing regionally-parameterized census count disaggregation models over country-specific *** examine underlying methodological considerations for improving gridded population datasets for countries with coarser scale census data by investigating regional versus country-specific models used to estimate density surfaces for redistributing census *** is given to the spatial resolution of input census data using examples from East Africa and Southeast *** suggest that for many countries more accurate population maps can be produced by using regionally-parameterized models where more spatially refined data exists than that which is available for the focal *** study highlights the advancement of statistical toolsets and considerations for underlying data used in generating widely used gridded population data.

关键词： human population modeling random forest regression dasymetric mapping gridded population datasets

Nitrogen deposition and reduction of terrestrial biodiversity:Evidence from temperate grasslands

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2005年第Z2期48卷 720-728页

作者： Nancy B.Dise Carly j.stevens Department of Earth Sciences Open University Milton KeynesMK7 6AAUK Department of Biology Villanova UniversityVillanovaPA 19085USA Department of Agricultural Science Imperial College at WyeWyeAshfordTN25 4NJUK

Biodiversity is thought to be essential for ecosystem stability, function and long-term sustainability. Since nitrogen is the limiting nutrient for plant growth in many terrestrial ecosystems, reactive nitrogen has the potential to reduce the diversity of terrestrial vegetation and associated biota through favouring species adapted to quickly exploiting available nutrients. Although the potential has long been recognised, only recently has enough evidence come together to show beyond reasonable doubt that these changes are already occurring. Linked together, experimental, regional/empirical, and time-series research provide a powerful argument that enhanced deposition of reactive nitrogen across Great Britain, and potentially the rest of Europe, has resulted in a significant and ongoing decline in grassland species richness and diversity.

关键词： nitrogen deposition, terrestrial biodiversity, temperate grasslands.

Sustainable plasticulture in Chinese agriculture: a review of challenges and routes to achieving long-term food and ecosecurity

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 155-168页

作者： Samuel j.CUSWOrTH William j.DAVIES Martin r.MCAINSH Carly j.stevens Weilu WANG Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK The Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China

Plastic pollution is global concern, affecting most aspects of global food production systems. Plasticulture, a practice used in agriculture to improve crop quality and quantity, among other factors, is a significant source of plastic pollution. This review examines the extent of plasticulture in China, the implications of the practice across decades of use and the legislative instruments used to resolve those issues. It briefly assesses the effectiveness of these policies and proposes possible future innovations to promote increases in long-term food and eco-security, where sustainable plasticulture is a key agent for change. While plasticulture has increased agricultural productivity in growth-limiting conditions, plastic pollution in agricultural soils has become acute in China. Consequently, plastic pollution is having deleterious effects on soil health and in turn, crop productivity in China. Plastic pollution in agriculture is a multifaceted issue and so proposed solutions should be informed by this complexity. Current measures do not reflect a holistic approach to solving this socioecological challenge and adopt a top-down approach, with little or no supportive mechanisms. Future recommendations need to consider the particular set of conditions that influence the production, use and end-of-life management of agriplastics,specific to the environmental, economic and social conditions in each location.

关键词： Circular plastics economy crop production food security plastic pollution sustainable plasticulture

Modelling of a post-combustion carbon dioxide capture absorber using potassium carbonate solvent in Aspen Custom Modeller

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2018年第11期26卷 2327-2336页

作者： Yue Wu Fan Wu Guoping Hu Nouman r.Mirza Geoffrey W.stevens Kathryn A.Mumford Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering The University of Melbourne Peter Cook Centre for CCS research The University of Melbourne Particulate Fluids Processing Centre (PFPC) The University of Melbourne

The process models for an equilibrium CO_2 absorber and a rate based CO_2 absorber using potassium carbonate(K2 CO3) solvents were developed in Aspen Custom Modeller(ACM) to remove CO_2 from a flue gas. The process model utilised the Electrolyte Non-random Two Liquid(ENrTL) thermodynamic model and various packing correlations. The results from the ACM equilibrium model shows good agreement with an inbuilt Aspen Plus?model when using the same input conditions. By further introducing a Murphree efficiency which is related to mass transfer and packing hydraulics, the equilibrium model can validate the experimental results from a pilot plant within a deviation of 10%. A more rigorous rate based model included mass and energy flux across the interface and the enhancement effect resulting from chemical reactions. The rate based model was validated using experimental data from pilot plants and was shown to predict the results to within 10%. A parametric sensitivity analysis showed that inlet flue gas flowrate and K2 CO3 concentration in the lean solvent has significant impact on CO_2 recovery. Although both models can provide reasonable predictions based on pilot plant results, the rate based model is more advanced as it can explain mass and heat transfer, transport phenomena and chemical reactions occurring inside the absorber without introducing an empirical Murphree efficiency.

关键词： Equilibrium rate based Modelling Absorber Potassium carbonate