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Uncovering the hierarchical clusters in the heat-affected zone of an electron beam weldedα/βtitanium alloy joint

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journal of materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 120-132页

作者： C.Xu X.H.Shao H.j.Yang m.Lv H.Q.Liu X.L.ma Shenyang National Laboratory for materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Suzhou laboratory Suzhou 215028China Department of mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Bay Area Center for Electron microscopy Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China

Using high-resolution transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEm),we examined the hierarchical clusters that form in situ in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),which are com-monly referred to as“ghost”structures,of bimodal titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4mo-4Cr(wt%,TC17).The ghost structures are enriched with Al elements but poor in mo and Cr compared to the surroundingβ*** results show that the ghost structure in middle-HAZ mainly consists ofα_(L)laths with a high-angle grain boundary,which exhibits the classic Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)with the host matrix,while it encircles theα_(P)grains in *** the ghost structure is evidenced to form via in-complete martensitic *** results further confirm that the ghost structure is composed ofαL and tinyβ_(L)laths with BOR,with the former being enriched with Al and poor with Cr and mo,while the latter is the ***,twoα_(L)variant clusters with a check-mark morphology are fre-quently observed viewed along[0001]_(αL)//[110]_(βL)directions,which are dominated by the crystallographic and geometrical relationships betweenαandβ*** on the microstructural characterization,it is hypothesized that the ghost structure is transformed from the initialα_(P)phase,due to the coupling ef-fect of high thermal stress(which induces the formation of a large number of dislocations)and element diffusion caused by sudden temperature increase and plunge cooling in the HAZ during the welding pro-cess.

关键词： TC17 titanium alloy Electron beam welding(EBw) The ghost structure Transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD) Transmission electron microscopy(TEm)

Doping Effect of Poly(vinylidene fluoride) on Carbon Nanofibers Deduced by Thermoelectric Analysis of Their melt mixed Films

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2024年第11期 1802-1810页

作者： A.j.Paleo V.m.Serrato j.m.mánuel O.Toledano E.mu?oz m.melle-Franco B.Krause P.P?tschke K.Lozano 2C2T-Centre for Textile Science and Technology University of Minho Campus de Azurém Florida Institute of Technology The Aerospace Corporation Department of Condensed matter Physics and Institute of Research on Electron microscopy and materials(ImEYmAT) Faculty of Sciences University of Cádiz CICECO – Aveiro Institute of materials Department of Chemistry University of Aveiro UNED-Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V.IPF Department of mechanical Engineering University of Texas Rio Grande Valley

The effect of temperature on the electrical conductivity （σ） and Seebeck coefficient （S） of n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers （CNFs）and poly（vinylidene fluoride）(PVDF) melt-mixed with 15 wt%of those CNFs is *** 40°C,the CNFs show stable n-type character (S=-4.8μV·K-1) with anσof ca.165 S·m-1,while the PVDF/CNF composite film shows anσof ca.9 S·m-1and near-zero S (S=-0.5μV·K-1).This experimental reduction in S is studied by the density functional tight binding （DFTB） method revealing a contact electron transfer from the CNFs to the PVDF in the ***,in the temperature range from 40°C to 100°C,theσ（T） of the CNFs and PVDF/CNF film,successfully described by the 3D variable range hopping （VRH） model,is explained as consequence of a thermally activated backscattering *** the contrary,the S（T）from 40°C to 100°C of the PVDF/CNF film,which satisfactorily matches the model proposed for some multi-walled carbon nanotube （mwCNT）doped mats;however,it does not follow the increase in S（T） found for *** these findings are presented with the aim of discerning the role of these n-type vapor grown carbon nanofibers on theσand S of their melt-mixed polymer composites.

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Single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.V.martínez-Huerta A.Zitolo m.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. Herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a H-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 V ***) in 0.1 m KHCO_(3), while H_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 V vs. RHE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 V vs. RHE with a H_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

Effect of age on the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility of soybean meal and canola meal in broilers

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 11-22页

作者： mukti Barua m.Reza Abdollahi Faegheh Zaefarian Timothy j.wester Channarayapatna K.Girish Peter V.Chrystal Velmurugu Ravindran monogastric Research Center School of Agriculture and EnvironmentMassey UniversityPalmerston North 4442New Zealand Department of Animal Science and Nutrition Faculty of Veterinary MedicineChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram 4225Bangladesh Nutrition and Care Animal NutritionEvonik(SEA)Pte.Ltd609927 Singapore Complete Feed Solutions Howick 2145AucklandNew Zealand

Standardized ileal digestibility coefficients(SIDC)of nitrogen(N)and amino acids(AA)in two protein sources(soybean meal[SBm]and canola meal[Cm])were investigated at six broiler ages(d 7,14,21,28,35,and 42).Two assay diets were formulated to contain either SBm(413 g/kg)or Cm(553 g/kg)as the sole dietary AA *** dioxide(5 g/kg)was added as an indigestible marker.A total of 696 male broilers at 1 d old were allotted to 12 replicate cages per age *** assay diet was offered to birds for 4 d prior to the ileal digesta collection on d 7(14 birds/cage),14(12 birds/cage),21(10 birds/cage),28(8 birds/cage),35(8 birds/cage)and 42(6 birds/cage),*** apparent digestibility coefficients were standardized using age-specific basal endogenous AA *** the SBm group,though the SIDC of N tended to be influenced(quadratic;P=0.075)by age,no linear or quadratic response of age effect was observed on the average SIDC of indispensable(IAA)and total AA(TAA).An age effect(quadratic;Pwas observed on the average SIDC of dispensable AA(DAA)in SBm with the highest value recorded at d 7,followed by a decrease from d 14 to 28,which increased beyond d *** SIDC of some individual AA(Arg,Thr,Trp,Cys,Pro)were affected(Pmanner by *** the Cm,the SIDC of N,average SIDC of IAA,DAA and TAA were influenced(quadratic;Pwere higher from d 7 to 14,declined at d 21,and then increased beyond d *** average SIDC of IAA was low between d 7 and 28 and increased *** SIDC of individual AA were affected(linear or quadratic;Pmagnitudes by *** age influence on the SIDC AA was variable,depending on the protein source and *** results demonstrate that age-specific SIDC AA data might need consideration in broiler feed formulations.

关键词： Age Amino acid Broiler Digestibility Protein source

Rainfall Sensitivity to microphysics and Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Convection-Permitting Simulations over Northwestern South America

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journal of meteorological Research 2024年第4期38卷 805-825页

作者： K.Santiago HERNANDEZ Sebastian GOmEZ-RIOS juan j.HENAO Vanessa ROBLEDO Alvaro RAmiREZ-CARDONA Angela m.RENDON Geolimna Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Grupo de Ingenieria y Gestion Ambiental(GIGA) Escuela AmbientalFacultad de IngenieriaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellin 050010Colombia Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512USA

Convection-permitting modeling allows us to understand mechanisms that influence rainfall in specific ***,microphysics parameterization(mP) and planetary boundary layer(PBL) schemes remain an important source of uncertainty,affecting rainfall intensity,occurrence,duration,and ***,we study the sensitivity of rainfall to three mP [weather Research and Forecasting(wRF) Single-moment 6-class(wSm6),Thompson,and morrison] and two PBL [the Yonsei University(YSU) and mellor–Yamada Nakanishi Niino(mYNN)] schemes with a convection-permitting resolution(4 km) over northwestern South America(NwSA).Simulations were performed by using the wRF model and the results were evaluated against soundings,rain gauges,and satellite data,considering the spatio-temporal variability of rainfall over diverse regions prone to deep convection in *** and PBL schemes largely influenced simulated rainfall,with better results for the less computationally expensive wSm6 mP and YSU PBL *** rain gauges and satellite estimates,simulations with morrison mP overestimated rainfall,especially westward of the Andes,whereas the mYNN PBL underestimated precipitation in the Amazon–Savannas *** found that the uncertainty in the rainfall representation is highly dependent on the region,with a higher influence of mP in the Colombian Pacific and PBL in the Amazon–Savannas *** analyzing rainfall-related processes,the selection of both mP and PBL parameterizations exerted a large influence on the simulated lower tropospheric moisture flux and moisture *** schemes significantly influenced the downward shortwave radiation,with mYNN simulating a greater amount of low clouds,which decreased the radiation ***,latent heat fluxes were greater for YSU,favoring moist convection and *** schemes had a marked impact on vertical ***,morrison mP showed stronger convection and higher precipitation rates,which is assoc

关键词： sensitivity microphysics planetary boundary layer(PBL) weather Research and Forecasting(wRF) processes

Identific tion of quantitative trait loci and associated candidate genes for pregnancy success in Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 162-170页

作者： Quinn A.Hoorn Gabriel A.Zayas Eduardo E.Rodriguez Laura m.jensen Raluca G.mateescu Peter j.Hansen Department of Animal Sciences Donald Henry Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Programand the Genetics InstituteUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA School of Applied Systems Biology La Trobe UniversityBundooraVIC 3083Australia

Background In beef cattle, more than 50% of the energy input to produce a unit of beef is consumed by the female that produced the calf. Development of genomic tools to identify females with high genetic merit for reproductive function could increase the profitability and sustainability of beef *** Genome-wide association studies(GwAS) were performed using a single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction approach on pregnancy outcome traits from a population of Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers. Furthermore, a validation GwAS was performed using data from another farm. Heifers were genotyped with the Bovine GGP F250 array that contains 221,077 SNPs. In the discovery population, heifers were bred in winter breeding seasons involving a single round of timed artificial insemination(AI) followed by natural mating for 3 months. Two phenotypes were analyzed: pregnancy outcome to first-service AI(PAI;n = 1,481) and pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season(PEBS;n = 1,725). The heritability was estimated as 0.149 and 0.122 for PAI and PEBS, respectively. In the PAI model, one quantitative trait locus(QTL), located between 52.3 and 52.5 mb on BTA7, explained about 3% of the genetic variation, in a region containing a cluster of γ-protocadherin genes and SLC25A2. Other QTLs explaining between 0.5% and 1% of the genetic variation were found on BTA12 and 25. In the PEBS model, a large QTL on BTA7 was synonymous with the QTL for PAI, with minor QTLs located on BTA5, 9, 10, 11, 19, and 20. The validation population for pregnancy status at the end of the breeding season were Angus–Brahman crossbred heifers bred by natural mating. In concordance with the discovery population, the large QTL on BTA7 and QTLs on BTA10 and 12 were *** In summary, QTLs and candidate SNPs identified were associated with pregnancy outcomes in beef heifers, including a large QTL associated with a group of protocadherin genes. Confirmation of these associations

关键词： Beef cattle Fertility GwAS QTL

Storylines of family medicine Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care

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Family medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 79-88页

作者： william B Ventres Leslie A Stone Emad R Abou-Arab julio meza David S Buck jerome w Crowder jennifer Y C Edgoose Alexander Brown Ellen j Plumb Amber K Norris jay j Allen Lauren E Giammar john E wood Scott m Dickson G Austin Brown Family and Preventive medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family medicine University of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMichiganUSA Family medicine University of California Los AngelesDavid Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Community medicine University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Social and Behavioral Sciences University of HoustonTilman J Fertitta Family College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA Family medicine and Community Health University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA NH Dartmouth Family medicine Residency ConcordNew HampshireUSA San Francisco VA medical Center San FranciscoCaliforniaUSA Duluth Family medicine Residency Program University of Minnesota Medical School Duluth CampusDuluthMinnesotaUSA UAmS Northeast Regional Campus Family medicine Residency Program JonesboroArkansasUSA Cascades East Family medicine Residency Program Oregon Health&Science University School of MedicineKlamath FallsOregonUSA

Storylines of Family medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅸ:people and places—diverse populations and locations of care’,authors address the following themes:‘LGBTQIA+health in family medicine’,‘A family medicine approach to substance use disorders’,‘Shameless medicine for people experiencing homelessness’,“Difficult”encounters—finding the person behind the patient’,‘Attending to patients with medically unexplained symptoms’,‘making house calls and home visits’,‘Family physicians in the procedure room’,‘Robust rural family medicine’and‘Full-spectrum family medicine’.may readers appreciate the breadth of family medicine in these essays.

关键词： illustration family dimensions

Efficient Communication in wireless Sensor Networks Using Optimized Energy Efficient Engroove Leach Clustering Protocol

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第4期29卷 985-1001页

作者： N.meenakshi Sultan Ahmad A.V.Prabu j.Nageswara Rao Nashwan Adnan Othman Hikmat A.m.Abdeljaber R.Sekar jabeen Nazeer SRm Institute of Science and Technology KattankulathurChennai 603203India Department of Computer Science College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAlkharj 11942Saudi Arabia University Center for Research and Development(UCRD) Department of Computer Science and EngineeringChandigarh UniversityGharuanMohali 140413India Department of ECE Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramGuntur 522502India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Lakireddy Balireddy College of Engineering(A)NTR District 521230India Department of Computer Engineering College of EngineeringKnowledge UniversityErbil 44001Iraq Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information TechnologyApplied Science Private UniversityAmman 11937Jordan Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering(ECE) School of EngineeringPresidency UniversityBangalore 834001India

The wireless Sensor Network(wSN)is a network that is constructed in regions that are inaccessible to human *** widespread deployment of wireless micro sensors will make it possible to conduct accurate environmental monitoring for a use in both civil and military *** make use of these data to monitor and keep track of the physical data of the surrounding environment in order to ensure the sustainability of the *** data have to be picked up by the sensor,and then sent to the sink node where they may be *** nodes of the wSNs are powered by batteries,therefore they eventually run out of *** energy restriction has an effect on the network life span and environmental *** objective of this study is to further improve the Engroove Leach(EL)protocol’s energy efficiency so that the network can operate for a very long time while consuming the least amount of *** lifespan of wSNs is being extended often using clustering and routing *** meta Inspired Hawks Fragment Optimization(mIHFO)system,which is based on passive clustering,is used in this study to do *** cluster head is chosen based on the nodes’residual energy,distance to neighbors,distance to base station,node degree,and node *** on distance,residual energy,and node degree,an algorithm known as Heuristic wing Antfly Optimization(HwAFO)selects the optimum path between the cluster head and Base Station(BS).They examine the number of nodes that are active,their energy consumption,and the number of data packets that the BS *** overall experimentation is carried out under the mATLAB *** the analysis,it has been discovered that the suggested approach yields noticeably superior outcomes in terms of throughput,packet delivery and drop ratio,and average energy consumption.

关键词： wireless sensor networks energy efficient engroove leach protocol meta inspired Hawks fragment optimization heuristic wing antfly optimization

BaTiO_(3)solid solutions co-doped with Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+):Synthesis,structural evolution and dielectric properties

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1920-1926页

作者： R.martínez-López m.Pérez-Labra j.A.Romero-Serrano F.R.Barrientos-Hernández m.Reyes-Pérez m.I.Valenzuela-Carrillo G.Urbano-Reyes V.E.Reyes-Cruz G.I.Dávila-Pulido Academic Area of Earth Sciences and materials Autonomous University of Hidalgo StateRoad Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5 Mineral de La Reforma.Hidalgo42184Mexico metallurgy and materials Department ESIQIE-IPNUPALMZacatencoCiudad de Mexico07738Mexico Autonomous University of Coahuila Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos S/nNueva RositaCoahuila26800Mexico

In this paper,the synthesis,structural evolution,and dielectric properties of BaTiO_(3)solid solutions codoped with rare earth elements(Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+))prepared using the solid-state reaction method are *** pure precursor powders of BaCl_3,TiO_(2),Gd_(2)O_(3),and Eu_(2)O_(3)were mixed in stoichiometric proportions,ground in an agate mortar before being uniaxially pressed at 250 mPa and sintered at 1300℃in air atmosphere for 6 h to obtain Ba_(1-3x)Gd_(2x)Ti_(1-3x)Eu_(4x)O_(3)(x=0,0.0015,0.01 and0.1).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Rietveld's refinement results reveal the crystal phase ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)for the samples with x=0,0.0015 and 0.01,as well as a consistent increment in the lattice parameters caused by the *** solubility limit of Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+)in the BaTiO_(3)structure is reached for the sample with x>0.01,and the orthorhombic Eu_2TiO_(5)and monoclinic BaTi_(2)O_(5)secondary phases were *** Raman results show the characteristic peaks of ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)around 716 cm^(-1)(LO of A1 symmetry),515 cm^(-1)(TO of A1 symmetry),and 305 cm^(-1)(B1).The maximum relative permittivity measured at 1 kHz was recorded to be 6151.8 for the sample with x=0.0015,and a decrease in the Curie temperature to 105℃with respect to the undoped sample was *** punctual microanalysis for the samples with x=0.0015,0.01,and 0.1 reveals grains composed of Ba,Ti,O,Gd,and Eu homogeneously distributed in the BaTiO_(3)*** Ba/Ti ratios for samples with x=0.0015,0.01 and 0.1 are 2.86,2.91,and 0.68,respectively,indicating substitution at the Ti site for samples with x=0.0015 and 0.01 and a substitution at the Ba site for the sample with x=0.1.

关键词： BaTiO_(3) Doping Gadolinium Europium Synthesis Rare earths