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当代语言学 1996年第1期 49-50页

作者： j.lachlan mackenzie 稼宣

荷兰语言学家Simon C.Dik是功能主义语言学的领头人之一,去年不幸因病去世。我国对Dik创立的“功能语法”比较熟悉,多有介绍和研究,现将j.L.mackenzie撰写的纪念文章译出以表达本刊的哀悼。

关键词：功能语法大学英语外语言功能主义语言学语言学家理论框架功能语法理论研究领域计算机语言类型学

Outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy for hallux rigidus:A systematic review

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第6期15卷 585-592页

作者： Katherine Esser james j Butler mackenzie Roof Nathaniel P Mercer Michael C Harrington Alan P Samsonov Andrew j Rosenbaum john G Kennedy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toledo Medical Center University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life SciencesToledoOH 43614United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNY 10002United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Albany Medical CenterAlbanyNY 12208United States

BACKGROUND Cheilectomy of the 1^(st)metatarsophalangeal joint(MTPj)is one of the most common procedures for the management of hallux rigidus.However,there is no consensus regarding outcomes following minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy(MIDC)for the management of hallux rigidus.AIM To evaluate outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus.METHODS During November 2023,the PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically reviewed to identify clinical studies examining outcomes following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus.RESULTS Six studies were included.In total,348 patients(370 feet)underwent MIDC for hallux rigidus at a weighted mean follow-up of 37.9±16.5 months.The distribution of patients by Coughlin and Shurna's classification was recorded in 4 studies as follows:Ⅰ(58 patients,27.1%),Ⅱ(112 patients,52.3%),Ⅲ(44 patients,20.6%).Three studies performed an additional 1^(st)MTPj arthroscopy and debridement following MIDC.Retained intra-articular bone debris was observed in 100%of patients in 1 study.The weighted mean American orthopedic foot and ankle society score improved from a preoperative score of 68.9±3.2 to a postoperative score of 87.1.The complication rate was 8.4%,the most common of which was persistent joint pain and stiffness.Thirty-two failures(8.7%)were observed.Thirty-three secondary procedures(8.9%)were performed at a weighted mean time of 8.6±3.2 months following the index procedure.CONCLUSION This systematic review demonstrated improvements in subjective clinical outcomes together with a moderate complication rate following MIDC for the management of hallux rigidus at short-term follow-up.A moderate reoperation rate at short-term follow-up was recorded.The marked heterogeneity between included studies and paucity of high quality comparative studies limits the generation of any robust conclusions.

关键词： Minimally invasive dorsal cheilectomy Hallux rigidus The first metatarsophalangeal joint Cheilectomy Minimally invasive surgery

Efficient ray casting of volumetric images using distance maps for empty space skipping

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第1期6卷 53-63页

作者： lachlan j.Deakin Mark A.Knackstedt Australian National University Canberra2601Australia

Volume and isosurface rendering are methods of projecting volumetric images to two dimensions for visualisation.These methods are common in medical imaging and scientific visualisation.Head-mounted optical see-through displays have recently become an affordable technology and are a promising platform for volumetric image visualisation.Images displayed on a head-mounted display must be presented at a high frame rate and with low latency to compensate for head motion.High latency can be jarring and may cause cybersickness which has similar symptoms to motion sickness.Volumetric images can be very computationally expensive to render as they often have hundreds of millions of scalar values.Fortunately,certain materials in images such as air surrounding an object boundary are often made transparent and need not be sampled,which improves rendering efficiency.In our previous work we introduced a novel ray traversal technique for rendering large sparse volumetric images at high frame rates.The method relied on the computation of an occupancy and distance map to speed up ray traversal through empty regions.In this work we achieve higher frame rates than our previous work with an improved method of resuming empty space skipping and the use of anisotropic Chebyshev distance maps.An optimised algorithm for computing Chebyshev distance maps on a graphical processing unit is introduced supporting real-time transfer function editing.

关键词： ray casting volume rendering isosurface rendering distance maps

Tiny insects against the weather flight and foraging patterns of Frankliniella schultzei (Thripidae) not altered by onset of rainfall

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Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1119-1127页

作者： lachlan C.jones Brodie j.Foster Michelle A.Rafter Gimme H.Walter School of Biological Sciences The University of QueenslandSt LuciaBrisbaneQueenslandAustrafia

To survive in nature,organisms may need to take direct action to mitigate specific dangers from their environmental surroundings.Tiny flying insects are thought to be at particular risk from rainfall that would be of negligible concern to larger animals.The study species Frankliniella schultzei is a thrips that inhabits flowers and feeds mostly on petal tissue and pollen.While found to respond in the laboratory to decreases in atmospheric pressure associated with cyclonic conditions (rather than merely heavy rainfall),their responses to conditions preceding rainfall have not been tested in the field.Initial field sampling investigated the relationship between floral development and sites at which male,female,and larval thrips were generally present on sunny days.We then designed a sampling strategy to test if these thrips can anticipate imminent rainfall or storms and so seek shelter deep within flowers,by sampling host flowers (in sections)on multiple days with different weather conditions.Sticky traps were used to intercept thrips in flight,thus providing a measure of flight behavior across different days.The initial sampling found adult thrips primarily at the petal apex of anthesis-stage flowers where pollen is distributed. We subsequently found that rainfall,atmospheric pressure change,temperature,humidity and wind had no effect on flight behavior of E schultzei,or on their positions within flowers.These findings suggest rainfall is not a serious hazard for them.Perhaps thrips can survive raindrop collisions during flight,as impacts with water droplets are not expected to break the surface tension.

关键词： barometric pressure Frankliniella schultzei Malvaviscus arboreus rainfall shelter thrips

Towards a precision psychiatry approach to anxiety disorders with ecological momentary assessment:the example of panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2020年第1期33卷 23-29页

作者： Donald j Robinaugh mackenzie L Brown Olivia M Losiewicz Payton j jones Luana Marques Amanda W Baker Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Background Treatments for anxiety disorders are among the most effective in psychiatry.Yet,there is considerable room for improvement.Aim In this paper,we discuss the value of ecological momentary assessment as a research method and clinical tool.Methods We begin by describing ecological momentary assessment and its advantages,including the ability to collect ecologically valid information about mental disorders,in real time,in individual patients.We then illustrate the value of this approach for anxiety disorder treatment using two patients with panic disorder who completed ecological momentary assessments for 2 weeks before and after a cognitive-behavioural therapy intervention.We focus especially on two key pieces of information provided by ecological momentary assessment data:information about symptom dynamics and information about the relationships among symptoms as they unfold overtime within individual patients.Perspective Although considerable work is needed to further develop this methodology in the context of anxiety disorder treatment,we believe that these pieces of information may ultimately inform our understanding of how anxiety disorder treatments have their effect and how those treatments can be tailored to individual patients.

关键词： disorders moment treatment

Association of homocysteine and smoking with cerebral microemboli in patients with mechanical heart valves:a transcranial Doppler study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2017年第4期2卷 199-204页

作者： Alicia Mattia M Reza Azarpazhooh Claudio Munoz Chrysi Bogiatzi mackenzie A Quantz j David Spence Stroke Prevention and Atherosclerosis Research Centre Robarts Research InstituteWestern UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Department of Neurology McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Neurology Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Cardiac Surgery Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada Division of Clinical Pharmacology Western UniversityLondonOntarioCanada

Objectives Microembolic signals(MES)on transcranial Doppler(TCD)predict stroke and cognitive decline.Plasma levels of total homocysteine(tHcy),a prothrombotic factor,are higher in patients with microemboli in carotid stenosis and in patients with paradoxical embolism.In this study we assessed the association between the level of tHcy and the number of MES in patients with mechanical heart valves(MHVs).Methods TCD monitoring was performed to detect MES before and after breathing 100% oxygen and repeated every 2-4 weeks up to six times.results Twenty-five patients with MHVs(mean age:63.60±10.15 years)participated in this study;15 were men(66.47±7.25 years)and 10 were women(59.30±12.60 years).In total,there were 126 study visits.In multiple regression,higher tHcy was associated with more MES in both preoxygenation(OR 1.34(95%CI 1.07 to 1.68,P=0.009))and postoxygenation(OR 1.40(95% CI 1.07 to 1.83,P=0.01))phases.Current smoking and the length of time between the operation and monitoring also correlated with a higher number of MES before and after breathing oxygen,particularly in women.conclusions Higher tHcy and smoking were associated with a higher MES count in both preoxygenation and postoxygenation phases.Because smoking can be stopped and hyperhomocysteinaemia is treatable,these are clinically important findings.

关键词： patients assessed cerebral

Assessing vulnerability to panic:a systematic review of psychological and physiological responses to biological challenges as prospective predictors of panic attacks and panic disorder

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General Psychiatry 2019年第6期32卷 297-303页

作者： Donald j Robinaugh Meredith j Ward Emma R Toner mackenzie L Brown Olivia M Losiewicz Eric Bui Scott P Orr Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Cognitive-behavioural theories of panic disorder posit that panic attacks arise from a positive feedback loop between arousal-related bodily sensations and perceived threat.In a recently develope computational model formalising these theories of pani attacks,it was observed that the response to a simulate perturbation to arousal provided a strong indicator of vulnerability to panic attacks and panic disorder.In this/review,we evaluate whether this observation is borne o in the empirical literature that has examined responses biological challenge(eg,C02 inhalation)and their relatio to subsequent panic attacks and panic disorder.Method We searched PubMed,Web of Science and PsycINFO using keywords denoting provocation agents(eg,sodium lactate)and procedures(eg,infusion)combined with keywords relevant to panic disorder(eg,panic).Articles were eligible if they used response to a biologic challenge paradigm to prospectively predict panic attac or panic disorder.Results We identified four eligible studies.Pooled effect sizes suggest that there is biological challenge response a moderate prospective association with subsequent pani attacks,but no prospective relationship with panic disorde Conclusions These findings provide support for the prediction derived from cognitive-behavioural theories an some preliminary evidence that response to a biological challenge may have clinical utility as a marker of vulnerab to panic attacks pending further research and developme Trial registration number 135908.

关键词： behaviour subsequent sizes

An r-Adaptive Finite Element Method for the Solution of the Two-Dimensional Phase-Field Equations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2006年第5期1卷 805-826页

作者： G.Beckett j.A.mackenzie M.L.Robertson Department of Mathematics University of StrathclydeLivingstone Tower26 Richmond StreetGlasgow G11XHScotland

An adaptive moving mesh method is developed for the numerical solution of two-dimensional phase change problems modelled by the phase-field equations.The numerical algorithm is relatively simple and is shown to be more efficient than fixed grid methods.The phase-field equations are discretised by a Galerkin finite element method.An adaptivity criterion is used that ensures that the mesh spacing at the phase front scales with the diffuse interface thickness.

关键词： Phase change phase-field equidistribution moving meshes adaptive method

Intervertebral disc development and disease-related genetic polymorphisms

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第3期3卷 171-177页

作者： jason W.Ashley Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto lachlan j.Smith Robert L.Mauck Danny Chan joseph Lee Martin F.Heyworth Howard An Yejia Zhang Department of Orthopedic Surgery Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaUSA Department of Surgery Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryChildren’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPAUSA School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Hong KongHong Kong Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA Corporal Michael j.Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Medicine Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaUSA Department of Orthopedic Surgery Rush University Medical CenterChicagoILUSA Department of Physical Medicine&Rehabilitation Perelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaUSA

The intervertebral disc(IVD)comprises a gelatinous inner core(nucleus pulposus;NP)and concentric rings(annulus fibrosus;AF).The NP,an important structure for shock absorption in the vertebrate spinal motion segment,can be traced back to the notochord in ontogenetic lineage.In vertebrates,the notochord undergoes mucinoid changes,and had been considered vestigial until recently.However,observed correlations between IVD degeneration and back pain in humans have renewed interest in the IVD in biomedical fields.Beyond its mechanical contribution to development,the notochord is also an essential signaling center,which coordinates formation of the neural tube and somites.The pertinent signaling molecules,particularly TGF-b and bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs),continue to play roles in the adult tissues and have been utilized for tissue regeneration.Genetic factors are major determinants of who will develop IVD degeneration and related back pain,and seem to correlate better with disc degeneration and back pain than do external forces on the spine.In summary,the spinal column is a landmark development in evolution.Genes directing the development of the IVD may also contribute to its maintenance,degeneration,and regeneration.Likewise,structural genes as well as genes responsible for maintenance of the structure are related to IVD degeneration.Finally,genes responsible for inflammation may play a dual role in exacerbating degeneration or facilitating repair responses depending on the context.

关键词： Back pain Development Intervertebral disc(IVD) Notochord Regeneration

Uncovering genetic and metabolite markers associated with resistance against anthracnose fruit rot in northern highbush blueberry

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Horticulture Research 2023年第10期10卷 25-36页

作者： mackenzie jacobs Samantha Thompson Adrian E.Platts Melanie j.A.Body Alexys Kelsey Amanda Saad Patrick Abeli Scott j.Teresi Anthony Schilmiller Randolph Beaudry Mitchell j.Feldmann Steven j.Knapp Guo-qing Song Timothy Miles Patrick P.Edger Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Molecular Plant Science Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Soil and Microbial SciencesMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Horticulture and Natural Resources Kansas State UniversityOlatheKS 66061USA Genetics and Genome Sciences Program Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Mass Spectrometry&Metabolomics Core Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616USA

Anthracnose fruit rot(AFR),caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum fioriniae,is among the most destructive and widespread fruit disease of blueberry,impacting both yield and overall fruit quality.Blueberry cultivars have highly variable resistance against AFR.To date,this pathogen is largely controlled by applying various fungicides;thus,a more cost-effective and environmentally conscious solution for AFR is needed.Here we report three quantitative trait loci associated with AFR resistance in northern highbush blueberry(Vaccinium corymbosum).Candidate genes within these genomic regions are associated with the biosynthesis of flavonoids(e.***.anthocyanins)and resistance against pathogens.Furthermore,we examined gene expression changes in fruits following inoculation with Colletotrichum in a resistant cultivar,which revealed an enrichment of significantly differentially expressed genes associated with certain specialized metabolic pathways(e.***.flavonol biosynthesis)and pathogen resistance.Using non-targeted metabolite profiling,we identified a flavonol glycoside with properties consistent with a quercetin rhamnoside as a compound exhibiting significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals from the genetic mapping population.Further analysis revealed that this compound exhibits significant abundance differences among the most resistant and susceptible individuals when analyzed as two groups.However,individuals within each group displayed considerable overlapping variation in this compound,suggesting that its abundance may only be partially associated with resistance against C.fioriniae.These findings should serve as a powerful resource that will enable breeding programs to more easily develop new cultivars with superior resistance to AFR and as the basis of future research studies.

关键词： applying resistance specialized