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Modelling dynamic pantograph loads with combined numerical analysis

Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.jackson R.Mishra j.M.Rebelo j.Santos P.Antunes j.Pombo H.Magalhaes l.Wills M.Askill School of Computing and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Computing and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDMEC Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEl Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal Hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Appropriate interaction between pantograph and catenary is imperative for smooth operation of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accommodate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels pose significant challenges in maintaining consistent current collection performance as the pantograph aerodynamic profile,and thus aerodynamic load changes significantly with operational *** research aims to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynamic forces acting on individual components of an HSX pantograph operating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be combined with multibody simulations to obtain accurate dynamic insight into contact ***,computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to investigate the pantograph component loads in a representative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynamic perspective,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed components of the pantograph is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing pantograph *** the aerodynamic loads acting on individual components with multibody tools allows for realistic dynamic insight into the pantograph *** results obtained show how considering aerodynamic forces enhance the realism of the models,leading to behaviour of the pantograph-catenary contact forces closely matching that seen in experimental tests.

关键词： Pantograph-catenary interaction Pantograph aerodynamics Computational fluid dynamics Pantograph loads Current collection performance

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Obstructive sleep apnea:Overlooked comorbidity in patients with diabetes

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World journal of Diabetes 2024年第7期15卷 1448-1460页

作者： Eric D Tenda joshua Henrina jin H Cha Muhammad R Triono Ersananda A Putri Dahliana j Aristy Dicky l Tahapary Division of Respirology and Critical Care Department of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalDKI JakartaJakarta Pusat 10430Indonesia Head of Research Group Artificial Intelligence and Digital Health Indonesian Medical Education and Research InstituteFaculty of Medicine University of IndonesiaDKI JakartaJakarta Pusat 10430Indonesia Division of Endocrinology Metabolism and DiabetesDepartment of Internal MedicineFaculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo HospitalDKI JakartaJakarta Pusat 10430Indonesia

In this review article,we explore the interplay between obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),highlighting a significant yet often overlooked *** delve into the pathophysiological links between OSA and diabetes,specifically how OSA exacerbates insulin resistance and disrupts glucose *** research examines the prevalence of OSA in diabetic patients and its role in worsening diabetes-related *** the importance of comprehensive management,including weight control and positive airway pressure therapy,the study advocates integrated approaches to improve outcomes for patients with T2DM and *** review underscores the necessity of recognizing and addressing OSA in diabetes care to ensure more effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

关键词： Obstructive sleep apnea Type 2 diabetes mellitus Macrovascular Microvascular Weight loss Positive airway pressure

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Graphene-calcium carbonate coating to improve the degradation resistance and mechanical integrity of a biodegradable implant

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 394-404页

作者： lokesh Choudhary Parama Chakraborty Banerjee R.K.Singh Raman Derrek E.lobo Christopher D.Easton Mainak Majumder Frank Witte jörg F.löffler Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia Nanoscale Science and Engineering laboratory(NSEl) Bldg 37Monash UniversityClayton CampusMelbourneVIC 3800Australia CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering Bayview AvenueClaytonVIC 3168Australia julius Wolff Institute and Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies Charité–Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353 BerlinGermany laboratory of Metal Physics and Technology Department of MaterialsETH Zurich8093 ZurichSwitzerland

Biodegradable implants are critical for regenerative orthopaedic procedures,but they may suffer from too fast corrosion in human-body *** necessitates the synthesis of a suitable coating that may improve the corrosion resistance of these implants without compromising their mechanical *** this study,an AZ91 magnesium alloy,as a representative for a biodegradable Mg implant material,was modified with a thin reduced graphene oxide(RGO)-calcium carbonate(CaCO_(3))composite *** analytical and in-vitro electrochemical characterization reveals that this coating significantly improves the corrosion resistance and mechanical integrity,and thus has the potential to greatly extend the related application field.

关键词： Graphene coating Biodegradable implant Hydroxyapatite Corrosion Magnesium alloy

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Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov V.F.Gromov O.j.Ilegbusi l.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： Matthew D.Geiger Anne M.lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen l.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael j.Taravella Naresh Mandava jennifer l.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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Promoting Older Adults' Engagement in Disaster Recovery Through Supportive Relationships, Partnerships, and Collaboration: Perspectives of Social Work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals

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International journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 265-276页

作者： julie l.Drolet Mahed Choudhury Faculty of Social Work University of CalgaryEdmontonAB T5J 4P6Canada

Shifting demographics—that is, the growing number of older adults in Canada and internationally—and intersecting climatic risks create a complex landscape of aging in place in disaster contexts. Some older adults are vulnerable due to their underlying health conditions and limited physical mobility. Yet they also exhibit resilience in a distinct manner, owing to their wealth of knowledge, wisdom, and ability to navigate adversities. This article elucidates potential avenues for promoting the involvement of older adults in disaster recovery efforts. Our intention is to recognize and foster older adult resilience and mitigate vulnerability by drawing upon insights from the study titled “In the Aftermath of the 2016 Alberta Wildfires: The Role of Social Work Practitioners and Human Service Professionals in long-Term Disaster Recovery.” Employing a qualitative research approach, that study recruited 51 participants for semistructured interviews and focus groups. A thematic analysis of the collected data unveiled the pivotal roles played by social workers and human service practitioners in facilitating recovery from the 2016 wildfires in the research. Notably, three overarching themes emerged concerning the promotion of older adults' involvement in disaster recovery: fostering supportive relationships, building partnerships and enhancing collaboration, and addressing ongoing challenges. These findings offer valuable insights into how social work practitioners and human service professionals can effectively facilitate the engagement of older adults in disaster recovery initiatives. This article emphasizes the significance of actively promoting the participation of older adults in disaster mitigation efforts, thereby fostering greater resilience within communities.

关键词： Alberta wildfires Canada Disaster recovery Older adults Partnerships and collaboration Social work

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Electrifying Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ) for focalized heating in oxygen transport membranes

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第4期91卷 99-110页

作者： Marwan laqdiem julio García-Fayos laura Almar Alfonso j.Carrillo Álvaro Represa joséM.lópez Nieto Sonia Escolástico David Catalán-Martinez jose M.Serra Instituto de Tecnología Química(Universitat Politècnica de València–Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) Av.Los Naranjos s/nE-46022 ValenciaSpain

Industry decarbonization requires the development of highly efficient and flexible technologies relying on renewable energy resources,especially biomass and solar/wind *** the case of pure oxygen production,oxygen transport membranes(OTMs)appear as an alternative technology for the cryogenic distillation of air,the industrially-established process of producing ***,OTMs could provide oxygen from different sources(air,water,CO_(2),etc.),and they are more flexible in adapting to current processes,producing oxygen at 700^(-1)000℃.Furthermore,OTMs can be integrated into catalytic membrane reactors,providing new pathways for different *** first part of this study was focused on electrification on a traditional OTM material(Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3-δ)),imposing different electric currents/voltages along a capillary *** to the emerging joule effect,the membrane-surface temperature and the associated O_(2) permeation flux could be ***,the OTM is electrically and locally heated and reaches 900℃on the surface,whereas the surrounding of the membrane was maintained at 650℃.The O_(2)permeation flux reached for the electrified membranes was~3.7 Nml min^(-1)cm^(-2),corresponding to the flux obtained with an OTM non-electrified at 900℃.The influence of depositing a porous Ce_(0.8)Tb_(0.2)O_(2-δ) catalytic/protective layer on the outer membrane surface revealed that lower surface temperatures(830℃)were detected at the same imposed electric ***,the electrification concept was demonstrated in a catalytic membrane reactor(CMR)where the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane(ODHE)was carried *** reaction is very sensitive to temperature,and here,we demonstrate an improvement of the ethylene yield by reaching moderate temperatures in the reaction chamber while the O_(2) injection into the reaction can be easily fine-tuned.

关键词： Oxygen permeation Oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane Oxygen transport membranes joule effect Mixed ionic-electronic conductors Catalytic membrane reactors

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Collisionless shock acceleration of protons in a plasma slab produced in a gas jet by the collision of two laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.Marquès l.lancia P.loiseau P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Tarisien E.Atukpor V.Bagnoud C.Brabetz F.Consoli j.Domange F.Hannachi P.Nicolaï M.Salvadori B.Zielbauer lUlI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENBG CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Darmstadt Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety Department C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CElIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéParis-Saclay CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We have recently proposed a new technique of plasma tailoring by laser-driven hydrodynamic shockwaves generated on both sides of a gas jet[Marquès et al.,*** 28,023103(2021)].In a continuation of this numerical work,we study experimentally the influence of the tailoring on proton acceleration driven by a high-intensity picosecond laser in three cases:without tailoring,by tailoring only the entrance side of the picosecond laser,and by tailoring both sides of the gas *** tailoring,the acceleration is transverse to the laser axis,with a low-energy exponential spectrum,produced by Coulomb *** the front side of the gas jet is tailored,a forward acceleration appears,which is significantly enhanced when both the front and back sides of the plasma are *** forward acceleration produces higher-energy protons,with a peaked spectrum,and is in good agreement with the mechanism of collisionless shock acceleration(CSA).The spatiotemporal evolution of the plasma profile is characterized by optical shadowgraphy of a probe *** refraction and absorption of this beam are simulated by post-processing 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the plasma *** with the experimental results allows estimation of the thickness and near-critical density of the plasma slab produced by tailoring both sides of the gas *** parameters are in good agreement with those required for CSA.

关键词： acceleration hydrodynamic collision

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Blood metal concentrations and cardiac structure and function in total joint arthroplasty patients

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World journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 773-782页

作者： Peter C Brennan Stephanie M Peterson Thomas j O'Byrne Mariana l laporta Cody C Wyles Paul j jannetto Garvan C Kane Maria Vassilaki Hilal Maradit Kremers Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of laboratory Medicine and Pathology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Cardiovascular Diseases Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States

BACKGROUND There is concern regarding potential long-term cardiotoxicity with systemic distribution of metals in total joint arthroplasty(TjA)*** To determine the association of commonly used implant metals with echocardiographic measures in TjA *** The study comprised 110 TjA patients who had a recent history of high chromium,cobalt or titanium *** underwent two-dimensional,three-dimensional,Doppler and speckle-strain transthoracic echocardiography and a blood draw to measure metal *** and sex-adjusted linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association of metal concentrations(exposure)with echocardiographic measures(outcome).RESUlTS Higher cobalt concentrations were associated with increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume(estimate 5.09;95%CI:0.02-10.17)as well as left atrial and right ventricular dilation,particularly in men but no changes in cardiac *** titanium concentrations were associated with a reduction in left ventricle global longitudinal strain(estimate 0.38;95%CI:0.70 to 0.06)and cardiac index(estimate 0.08;95%CI,-0.15 to-0.01).CONClUSION Elevated cobalt and titanium concentrations may be associated with structural and functional cardiac changes in some *** studies are warranted to better understand the systemic effects of metals in TjA patients.

关键词： Total joint arthroplasty Metal-on-metal Cardiotoxicity Heart failure Echocardiography Cobalt

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Further investigation on the fusion of ^(6)li with ^(209)Bi target at near-barrier energies

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第7期48卷 106-117页

作者：张高龙焦振威张广鑫 M.R.Cortes 胡世鹏钱建强 D.Mengoni 屈卫卫李聪博郑云张焕乔孙慧斌王楠张春雷 j.j.Valiente-Dobón D.Testov M.Mazzocco A.Gozzelino C.Parascandolo D.Pierroutsakou M.la Commara A.Goasduff D.Bazzacco D.R.Napoli F.Galtarossa F.Recchia A.Illana S.Bakes I.Zanon S.Aydin G.de Angelis M.Siciliano R.Menegazzo S.M.lenzi j.l.Ferreira j.Rangel Serkan Akkoyun l.F.Canto j.lubian School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Instituto de Física Universidade Federal Fluminense24210-340NiteróiRio de JaneiroBrazil Institute for Advanced Study in Nuclear Energy&Safety Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Shenzhen Key laboratory of Research and Manufacture of High Purity Germanium Materials and Fetectors Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China INFN Sezione di PadovaPadovaItaly Dipartimento di fisica Astronomia dell'Universita di padova PadovaItaly State Key laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection School of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China China Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413China The Key laboratory of Beam Technology and Material Modification of Ministry of Education College of Nuclear Science and TechnologyBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China INFN Laboratori Nazionali di LegnaroI-35020 LegnaroItaly INFN Sezione di NapoliI-80126 NapoliItaly Dipartimento di Farmacia Universitàdi Napoli"Federico II"I-80131 NapoliItaly Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Faculty of EngineeringTarsus University33480 MersinTurkiye Physics Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemont-ILUSA Departamento de Matemaética Física e Computaç˜ao Universidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroFaculdade de Tecnologia27537-000ResendeRio de JaneiroBrazil Department of Physics Sivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivasTurkey Instituto de Física Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroCP 6852821941-972Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The complete and incomplete fusion cross sections for ^(6)li+^(209)Bi were measured using the in-beamγ-ray method around the Coulomb *** cross sections of(deuteron captured)incomplete fusion(ICF)products were re-quantified experimentally for this reaction *** results reveal that the ICF cross section is equivalent to that of complete fusion(CF)above the Coulomb barrier and dominant near or below the Coulomb barrier.A theoretical calculation based on the continuum discretized coupled channel(CDCC)method was performed for the aforementioned CF and ICF cross sections;the result is consistent with the *** universal fusion function(UFF)was also compared with the measured CF cross section for different barrier parameters,demonstrating that the CF suppression factor is significantly influenced by the choice of potential,which can reflect both dynamic and static effects of breakup on the fusion process.

关键词： cross section incomplete fusion suppression factor weakly bound nuclei

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