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Increased pCO_(2) changes the lipid production in important aquacultural feedstock algae Isochrysis galbana,but not in Tetraselmis suecica

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2019年第4期4卷 142-148页

作者： Susan C.Fitzer julien Plancq Cameron j.Floyd Faith M.Kemp jaime L.Toney Institute of Aquaculture University of StirlingStirling FK94LAUK School of Geographical and Earth Sciences University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQUK

Increased anthropogenic CO_(2) emissions are leading to an increase in CO_(2) uptake by the world's oceans and seas,resulting in ocean acidification with a decrease in global ocean water pH by as much as 0.3–0.4 units by the year *** direct effects of changing pCO_(2) on important microalgal feedstocks are not as well *** studies have focused on lipid composition changes in specific algal species in response to ocean acidification and yet microalgae are an indispensable food source for various marine species,including juvenile *** galbana and Tetraselmis suecica are widely used in aquaculture as feeds for mussels and other *** total lipid contents and concentrations of *** and *** were investigated when grown under present day(400 ppm)and ocean acidification conditions(1000 ppm)to elucidate the impact of increasing pCO_(2) on an important algae *** lipids,long-chain alkenones(LCAs)and alkenoates decreased at 1000 ppm in *** produces higher lipids than ***,and is perhaps as a result more impacted by the change in carbon available for lipid production under higher pCO_(2).*** is an important feedstock,more easily assimilated for growth in juvenile shellfish and reductions in lipid composition may prove problematic for the growth of future shellfish *** findings suggest that higher pCO_(2) impacts on algal lipid growth are species specific and warrant further *** is therefore vital to examine the impact of high CO_(2) on algal lipid production,especially those commercial shellfish feed varieties to predict future impacts on commercial aquaculture.

关键词： Ocean acidification Algae Lipids Aquaculture Feedstock

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Nature of redox concentrations in a sequence of agriculturally developed acid sulfate soils in Thailand

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Pedosphere 2020年第3期30卷 390-404页

作者： Tanabhatsakorn SUKITPRAPANON Anchalee SUDDHIPRAKARN Irb KHEORUENROMNE Somchai ANUSONTPORNPERM Robert jGILKES Department of Soil Science Faculty of AgricultureKasetsart UniversityBangkok 10900Thailand School of Earth and Environment The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawley WA 6009Australia

Potential acid sulfate soils(PASS) are drained for agriculture, resulting in the formation of active acid sulfate soils(AASS), which gradually evolve into post-active acid sulfate soils(PAASS). Various redox concentrations(precipitates, costings, and mottles) occur in these soils as a result of pedogenic processes including biological activity and effects of land management. Although several studies have determined the mineralogy and geochemistry of ASS,the mineralogy and geochemistry of redox concentrations occurring in a sequence of ASS through PASS to PAASS have not been investigated. This study examined the mineralogy and geochemistry of redox concentrations and matrices within 5 PASS, 8 AASS, and 5 PAASS in Thailand. The labile minerals were predominantly controlled by oxidation status and management inputs. The unoxidized layers of PASS, AASS, and PAASS contained pyrite and *** oxidation of Fe sulfides caused acidification and accumulation of yellow redox concentrations of jarosite and Fe(hydr)oxides at shallow depths. As the soils became well developed, they were recognized as PAASS, and the jarosite and goethite transformed to hematite. As ASS were drained, Co, Mn, Ni, and Zn moved downward and were associated with Fe sulfides and Mn oxides in the unoxided layer. Concentrations of As, Cu, Cr, Fe, and V did not change with depth because these elements became associated with jarosite and Fe(hydr)oxides in yellow and red redox concentrations, as well as the root zone, in the partly oxidized layer of AASS and PAASS. Arsenic was associated with pyrite under reducing conditions.

关键词： active acid sulfate soils geochemistry mineralogy post-active acid sulfate soils potential acid sulfate soils trace metals

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GIS and Remote Sensing Applications in Biogeography and Ecology 1

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丛书名： The Springer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science

2001年

作者： Andrew C. Millington Stephen j. Walsh Patrick E. Osborne

ISBN: (数字)9781461515234

ISBN: (纸本)9780792374541;9781461355960

In recent years, the conservation of tropical forests has received worldwide publicity whereas effective forest management, particularly for timber extraction, has attracted little attention and gained some notoriety. The overall aim of the present paper was to examine how environmental micro-variation in the Chiquibul Forest Reserve of Belize can influence species distribution and thereby inform management strategy. The paper deals first with the background to forest management in Belize, then considers the methodology used in the present study and fin~~ly assesses the preliminary results. The specific objectives are: (1) to assess the effects of changing scale on the variability of selected individual soil properties in forest plots within the same vegetation class; and (2) to examine the variation in soil properties and tree species distribution, and to integrate environmental and ecological data over a range of scales. BACKGROUND Whereas the global and regional distribution of tropical forests is broadly governed by climatic and altitudinal variation, individual forest tracts need to consider a range of other, locally important factors to explain species distribution and change. With very high species diversity, tropical forests present a major challenge in the attempt to unravel controlling factors in distribution and growth (Swaine et aI. 1987). Research that attempts to explain diversity has looked at species distribution according to a range of factors, with a general recognition that soil fertility plays a significant if ill defined role (Swaine 1996).

关键词： Geographical Information System Ecology Environmental Chemistry Physical Geography

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A solution scan of societal options to reduce transmission and spread of respiratory viruses:SARS-CoV-2 as a case study

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journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity 2021年第2期3卷 84-90页

作者： William j.Sutherland Nigel G.Taylor David C.Aldridge Philip Martin Catherine Rhodes Gorm Shackelford Simon Beard Haydn Belfield Andrew j.Bladon Cameron Brick Alec P.Christie Andrew P.Dobson Harriet Downey Amelia S.C.Hood Fangyuan Hua Alice C.Hughes Rebecca M.jarvis Douglas MacFarlane William H.Morgan Anne-ChristineMupepele Stefan j.Marciniak Cassidy Nelson SeánÓhÉigeartaigh Clarissa Rios Rojas Katherine A.Sainsbury Rebecca K.Smith Lalitha S.Sundaram Ann Thornton john Watkins Thomas B.White Kate Willott Silviu O.Petrovan BioRISC(Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s) St Catharine’s CollegeCambridge CB21RLUK Department of Zoology University of CambridgeThe David Attenborough BuildingPembroke StreetCambridge CB23QZUK Tour du Valat Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands13200 ArlesFrance Centre for the Study of Existential Risk University of CambridgeCB21SBUK Department of Social Psychology University of AmsterdamNieuwe Achtergracht 129 B1018 WT AmsterdamNetherlands Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology 117 Eno HallPrinceton UniversityNJ 08544USA Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871PR China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesXishuangbannaYunnan 666303PR China Te Kura Putaiao-School of Science Auckland University of TechnologyAucklandNew Zealand School of Psychological Sciences University of Western AustraliaPerth35 Stirling HwyCrawley WA 6009Australia Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology Biometry and Environmental System AnalysisUniversity of FreiburgGermany Cambridge Institute for Medical Research University of CambridgeCambridge Biomedical CampusThe Keith Peters BuildingHills RoadCambridge CB20XYUK Future of Humanity Institute University of OxfordOxford OX11PTUK Faculty of Kinesiology Sportand RecreationUniversity of Alberta2-130V Van Vliet 21 Complex(University Hall)EdmontonAlberta T6G 2H9Canada Division of Population Medicine School of MedicineCardiff UniversityCardiff CF144YSUK

Societal biosecurity–measures built into everyday society to minimize risks from pests and diseases–is an important aspect of managing epidemics and *** aimed to identify societal options for reducing the transmission and spread of respiratory *** used SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2)as a case study to meet the immediate need to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and eventually transition to more normal societal conditions,and to catalog options for managing similar pandemics in the *** used a‘solution scanning’*** read the literature;consulted psychology,public health,medical,and solution scanning experts;crowd-sourced options using social media;and collated comments on a ***,we present a list of 519 possible measures to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and *** provide a long list of options for policymakers and businesses to consider when designing biosecurity plans to combat SARS-CoV-2 and similar pathogens in the *** also developed an online application to help with this *** encourage testing of actions,documentation of outcomes,revisions to the current list,and the addition of further options.

关键词： Biosecurity Coronavirus COVID-19 Disease control New normal Public health

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2D与3D分形分析技术评价直肠癌内区域性血流空间不均匀性的可重复性

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国际医学放射学杂志 2012年第4期 389-389页

作者： B. Sanghera D. Banerjee A. Khan I. Simcock j.j. stirling R. Glynne-jones 唐光健 Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering King's College LondonImaging 2 Level 1 Lambeth Wing St Thomas' Hospital Lambeth Palace Rd London SE1 7EH England

摘要目的确定容积螺旋CT灌注评价直肠癌区域性血流2D与3D分析特征的特点,并确定其可重复性。材料与方法研究由学院审查委员会批准并获得知情同意通知。10例前瞻性直肠腺癌病人(男8例、女2例,平均年龄72.3岁)接受两次重复容积CT灌注检查... 详细信息

摘要目的确定容积螺旋CT灌注评价直肠癌区域性血流2D与3D分析特征的特点,并确定其可重复性。材料与方法研究由学院审查委员会批准并获得知情同意通知。10例前瞻性直肠腺癌病人(男8例、女2例,平均年龄72.3岁)接受两次重复容积CT灌注检查(4D匹配螺旋方式,11.4cmz轴覆盖),24h内无介入治疗

关键词：可重复性直肠癌直肠肿瘤分形分析血流区域性

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Sex-Role Orientation in Men Is Related to Salivary Testosterone Levels

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journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第7期3卷 518-521页

作者： Miriam j. Law Smith Denis K. Deady Martin A. Sharp Emad A. S. Al-Dujaili Department of Psychology University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Department of Psychology University of Stirling Stirling UK Dietetics Nutrition & Biological Sciences Queen Margaret University Edinburgh UK School of Psychology University of St Andrews St Andrews UK

Previous research has implicated the involvement of androgens in sex-role orientation in males, from studies of 2nd to 4th digit ratio (a purported marker of prenatal testosterone). The present pilot study investigates the relationship between salivary testosterone levels and sex-role orientation using Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) scores in adult males. Twenty-one males (aged 18-24) completed the BSRI and provided saliva samples for assay. BSRI Femininity scores were significantly negatively correlated with testosterone levels;the higher the Femininity scores, the lower the testosterone levels. There was no relation of BSRI Masculinity scores with testosterone levels. Our preliminary results add to the research suggesting that sex-role orientation in males may be partially related to underlying hormone levels.

关键词： Testosterone Androgens Sex-Role Masculinity Femininity Gender Personality

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Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis practice and its association with outcomes in Australia and New Zealand burns patients

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Burns & Trauma 2021年第1期9卷 642-651页

作者： Lincoln M.Tracy Peter A.Cameron Yvonne Singer Arul Earnest Fiona Wood Heather Cleland Belinda j.Gabbe School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Monash University553 St Kilda RoadMelbourneVictoria3004Australia Emergency and Trauma Centre The Alfred HospitalCommercial RoadMelbourneVictoria3004Australia Victorian Adult Burns Service Alfred Hospital55 Commercial RoadMelbourneVictoria3004AustraliaAustralia Registry Sciences Unit Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash University553 St Kilda RoadMelbourneVictoria3004Australia Biostatistics Unit Department of Epidemiology and Preventive MedicineMonash University553 St Kilda RoadMelbourneVictoria3004Australia Burn Injury Research Unit University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayPerthWestern Australia6009Australia Health Data Research UK Swansea University Medical SchoolSwansea UniversitySingleton ParkSwanseaUK

Background:Patients with burn injuries are considered to have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism(VTE).While untreated VTEs can be fatal,no studies have examined chemoprophylaxis *** study aimed to quantify the variation in prevalence of VTE prophylaxis use in patients in Australian and New Zealand burns units and whether prophylaxis use is associated with in-hospital outcomes following burn ***:Admission data for adult burns patients(aged≥16 years)admitted between 1 july 2016 and 31 December 2018 were extracted from the Burns Registry of Australia and New *** effects logistic regression modelling investigated whether VTE prophylaxis usewas associated with the primary outcome of in-hospital ***:There were 5066 admissions over the study *** these patients,81%(n=3799)with a valid response to the VTE prophylaxis data field received some form of VTE *** of VTE prophylaxis ranged from 48.6%to 94.8%of patients between ***-hospital death was recorded injusting for confounders,receiving VTE prophylaxis was associated with a decrease in the adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality(adjusted odds ratio=0.21;95%CI,0.07–0.63;p=0.006).Conclusions:Variation in the use of VTE prophylaxis was observed between the units,and prophylaxis use was associated with a decrease in the odds of *** findings provide an opportunity to engage with units to further explore differences in prophylaxis use and develop future best practice guidelines.

关键词： Burn injury Venous thromboembolism Prophylaxis Australia New Zealand

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Who killed Porthos? Genetic tracking of a gorilla death

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Integrative Zoology 2007年第2期2卷 111-119页

作者： Kathryn j.jEFFERY Kate A.ABERNETHY Caroline E.G.TUTIN Nicola A.ANTHONY Michael W.BRUFORD Cardiff School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityUK Centre International de Recherches Médicales FrancevilleGabon Department of Biological and Molecular Sciences University of StirlingStirlingUK

We describe a novel application of“forensic”genetics to study a key demographic event in a population of wild *** used microsatellite genotyping and non-invasively collected DNA samples to identify one individual western lowland gorilla as being most likely to have caused the death of another in LopéNational Park,*** from relatively few genotypes permitted the identification of female transfer events and the interpretation of individual behavior that was previously impossible using observational methods,thus providing rare behavioral data on an elusive forest-dwelling ***,this study highlights the need for future studies of dispersal and local population structuring in forest populations,and more accurate population census *** studies focusing on individual identification may play a valuable role in future gorilla conservation efforts.

关键词： ape conservation genetic tracking non-invasive microsatellite western lowland gorilla

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CO2 Neutral,Low Emission Small Scale Biomass CHP Plants Based on Updraft Gasification and stirling Engines-Technology Development

CO2 Neutral,Low Emission Small Scale Biomass CHP Plants Base...

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The 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition

作者： Marinitsch,G. Bovin,j. G?rtz,T. Mygind,K. Carlsen,H.

The biomass CHP technology based on updraft gasification and stirling engines enables the production of high value electricity and heat in an efficient way in applications below 300-500 k We electric power ***,a technology gap for the electricity production is filled for carbon neutral small scale CHP *** technology is currently entering the market with the first commercial installations in Denmark,Germany and the *** this paper,a detailed evaluation on the thermodynamic potential,limits and existing boundary conditions for the optimization of the overall electrical plant efficiency on such a plant is *** technology also has the benefit of achieving low emission levels especially with regards to particle *** is an important feature since it is usually difficult to meet low emissions on small scale plants,because the possibilities for implementing primary and secondary measures to keep the emissions on a low level is *** paper presents the findings from detailed emission measurements performed.

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Crystal structure of Arabidopsis thaliana HPPK/DHPS,a bifunctional enzyme and target of the herbicide asulam

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Plant Communications 2022年第4期3卷 137-149页

作者： Grishma Vadlamani Kirill V.Sukhoverkov joel Haywood Karen j.Breese Mark F.Fisher Keith A.Stubbs Charles S.Bond joshua S.Mylne School of Molecular Sciences The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology The University of Western Australia35 Stirling HighwayCrawleyWA 6009Australia Centre for Crop and Disease Management School of Molecular and Life SciencesCurtin UniversityBentleyWA 6102Australia

Herbicides are vital formodern agriculture,but their utility is threatened by genetic or metabolic resistance in weeds,as well as regulatory *** the known herbicide modes of action,7,8-dihydropterin synthase(DHPS),which is involved in folate biosynthesis,is targeted by just one commercial herbicide,asulam.A mimic of the substrate para-aminobenzoic acid,asulam is chemically similar to sulfonamide antibiotics,and although it is still in widespread use,asulam has faced regulatory *** an entire mode of action represented by just one commercial agrochemical,we sought to improve the understanding of its plant *** we solve a 2.3A°resolution crystal structure for Arabidopsis thaliana DHPS that is conjoined to 6-hydroxymethyl-7,8-dihydropterin pyrophosphokinase(HPPK),and we reveal a strong structural conservation with bacterial counterparts at the sulfonamide-bindingpocket of *** demonstrate that asulamand the antibiotic sulfamethoxazole have herbicidal as well as antibacterial activity,andwe explore the structural basis of their potency by modeling these compounds in mitochondrial HPPK/*** findings suggest limited opportunity for the rational design of plant selectivity fromasulamand indicate that pharmacokinetic or delivery differences between plants andmicrobesmight be the bestways to safeguard thismode of action.

关键词： structural biology folate metabolism mode of action

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