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Surface engineering with ionic polymers on membranes for boron removal

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 61-69页

作者： Xiting Zhang chenyi Fang j Paul chen Sui Zhang Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 117576Singapore Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore 119260Singapore College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China

Removal of boric acid from seawater and wastewater using reverse osmosis membrane technologies is imperative and yet remains inadequately addressed by current commercial *** research efforts performed post-modification of reverse osmosis membranes to enhance boron rejection,which is usually accompanied by substantial sacrifice in water *** study delves into the surface engineering of low-pressure reverse osmosis membranes,aiming to elevate boron removal efficiency while maintaining optimal salt rejection and water *** were modified by the self-polymerization and co-deposition of dopamine and polystyrene sulfonate at varying ratios and *** surfaces became smoother and more hydrophilic after *** optimum membrane exhibited a water permeability of 9.2±0.1 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)·bar^(-1),NaCl rejection of 95.8%±0.3%,and boron rejection of 49.7%±0.1% and 99.6%±0.3% at neutral and alkaline pH,*** water permeability is reduced by less than 15%,while the boron rejection is 3.7 times higher compared to the blank *** research provides a promising avenue for enhancing boron removal in reverse osmosis membranes and addressing water quality concerns in the desalination process.

关键词： membrane low-pressure reverse osmosis boron surface engineering

A REDUCED ORDER SCHWARZ METHOD FOR NONLINEAR MULTISCALE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS BASED ON TWO-LAYER NEURAL NETWORKS

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journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第2期42卷 570-596页

作者： Shi chen Zhiyan Ding Qin Li Stephen j.Wright Mathematics Department University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Mathematics University of California-BerkeleyBerkeley CA 94720USA Mathematics Department and Discovery Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI 53706USA Computer Sciences Department University of WisconsinMadisonWI 53706USA

Neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts,including solution of partial differential equations(PDEs).We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition,an accelerated Schwarz framework,and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundarymap for the subdomains,which is the key step in the Schwarz ***,the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each *** leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems,our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary *** method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale p-Laplace *** both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.

关键词： Nonlinear homogenization Multiscale elliptic problem Neural networks Do-main decomposition

GraphFlow+:Exploiting Conversation Flow in Conversational Machine Comprehension with Graph Neural Networks

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Machine Intelligence Research 2024年第2期21卷 272-282页

作者： jing Hu Lingfei Wu Yu chen Po Hu Mohammed j.Zaki School of Computer Science Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Pinterest San Francisco 94016USA Meta Mountain View 94039USA Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy 12180USA

The conversation machine comprehension(MC)task aims to answer questions in the multi-turn conversation for a single ***,recent approaches don’t exploit information from historical conversations effectively,which results in some references and ellipsis in the current question cannot be *** addition,these methods do not consider the rich semantic relationships between words when reasoning about the passage *** this paper,we propose a novel model GraphFlow+,which constructs a context graph for each conversation turn and uses a unique recurrent graph neural network(GNN)to model the temporal dependencies between the context graphs of each ***,we exploit three different ways to construct text graphs,including the dynamic graph,static graph,and hybrid graph that combines the *** experiments on CoQA,QuAC and DoQA show that the GraphFlow+model can outperform the state-of-the-art approaches.

关键词： Conversational machine comprehension(MC) reading comprehension question answering graph neural networks(GNNs) natural language processing(NLP)

Granger causal representation learning for groups of time series

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 56-68页

作者： Ruichu CAI Yunjin WU Xiaokai HUANG Wei chen Tom Z.j.FU Zhifeng HAO School of Computer Science Guangdong University of Technology Peng cheng Laboratory College of Science Shantou University

Discovering causality from multivariate time series is an important but challenging *** existing methods focus on estimating the Granger causal structures among multivariate time series,while ignoring the prior knowledge of these time series, e.g., the group of the time series. Focusing on discovering the Granger causal structures among groups of time series, we propose a Granger causal representation learning method to solve this problem. First, we use the multiset canonical correlation analysis method to learn the Granger causal representation of each group of time series. Then, we model the Granger causal relationships among the learned Granger causal representations using a recurrent neural network with temporal information. Finally, we formulate the above two stages into one unified optimization problem, which is efficiently solved using the augmented Lagrangian method. We conduct extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world datasets to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Granger causal discovery Granger causal representation learning time series data recurrent neural network multiset canonical correlation analysis

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Theoretical and experimental study of a bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester under hybrid galloping and band-limited random excitations

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 461-478页

作者： Haitao LI Tianyu ZHENG Weiyang QIN Ruilan TIAN Hu DING j.C.jI Liqun chen Department of Engineering Mechanics North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Department of Engineering Mechanics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Department of Engineering Mechanics Shijiazhuang Tiedao UniversityShijiazhuang 050043China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering Shanghai Frontier Science Center of MechnoinformaticsShanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and MechanicsSchool of Mechanics and Engineering ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200072China School of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering University of Technology SydneyNew South Wales 2007Australia

In the practical environment,it is very common for the simultaneous occurrence of base excitation and *** the combined energy of vibration and wind with a single energy harvesting structure is *** this purpose,the effects of the wind speed and random excitation level are investigated with the stochastic averaging method(SAM)based on the energy *** results of the analytical prediction are verified with the Monte-Carlo method(MCM).The numerical simulation shows that the introduction of wind can reduce the critical excitation level for triggering an inter-well jump and make a bi-stable energy harvester(BEH)realize the performance enhancement for a weak base ***,as the strength of the wind increases to a particular level,the influence of the random base excitation on the dynamic responses is weakened,and the system exhibits a periodic galloping response.A comparison between a BEH and a linear energy harvester(LEH)indicates that the BEH demonstrates inferior performance for high-speed *** experiments are conducted to investigate the validity of the theoretical prediction and numerical *** experimental findings also show that strong random excitation is favorable for the BEH in the range of low wind ***,as the speed of the incoming wind is up to a particular level,the disadvantage of the BEH becomes clear and evident.

关键词： bi-stability inter-well response galloping band-limited random

Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh Roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong chen Salvador Pané Bradley j.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

Role of aminopeptidase N-like in the acquisition of begomoviruses by Bemisia tabaci,the whitefly vector

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 707-719页

作者： Yun-Yun Fan Yao Chi Na chen Wilmer j.Cuellar Xiao-Wei Wang Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang ProvinceInstitute of Insect SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhouChina Zhejiang Tianmushan National Nature Reserve Administration HangzhouChina Institute of Plant Protection Liaoning Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenyangChina Virology Laboratory Cassava ProgramInternational Center for Tropical Agriculture(CIAT)PalmiraColombia

Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus(SLCMV)is a prominent causative agent of cassava mosaic disease in Asia and relies on the whitefly Bemisia tabaci cryptic complex for its ***,the molecular mechanisms involved in SLCMV transmission by *** have yet to be *** this study,we identified an aminopeptidase N-like protein(BtAPN)in *** Asia II 1,an efficient vector of SLCMV,which is involved in the SLCMV transmission *** the use of glutathione S-transferase pull-down assay and LC-MS/MS analysis,we demonstrated the interaction between BtAPN and the coat protein(CP)of *** interaction was further confirmed in vitro,and we observed an induction of BtAPN gene expression following SLCMV *** interfering with the function of BtAPN,the quantities of SLCMV were significantly reduced in various parts of *** Asia II 1,including the whole body,midgut,hemolymph,and primary salivary ***,we discovered that BtAPN is conserved in *** Middle East-Asia Minor 1(MEAM1)and interacts with the CP of tomato yellow leaf curl virus(TYLCV),a begomovirus known to cause severe damage to tomato *** BtAPN with antibody led to a significant reduction in the quantities of TYLCV in whitefly whole body and organs/*** results demonstrate that BtAPN plays a generic role in interacting with the CP of begomoviruses and positively regulates their acquisition by the whitefly.

关键词： BtAPN coat protein SLCMV TYLCV virus acquisition whitefly

Full-spectrum Bi@SrTiO_(3) for bi-directional promotion effects on photocatalytic redox reaction:Insight into intermediates and mechanism

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第5期42卷 917-929,I0004页

作者： Bin Liu Nanhao Zhou jun Liu Xinglei Wang Peter K.j.Robertson Xiaoyuan chen Chao chen jianmin Luo Chuanyi Wang School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering Shaoguan UniversityShaoguan512005China chengdu Customs Technology Center Chengdu610041China Key Laboratory of Pollutant Chemistry and Environmental Treatment College of Chemistry and Environmental ScienceYili Normal UniversityYining835000China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Queen's University BelfastStranmillis RoadBelfastBT95AGUnited Kingdom Guangzhou Institute of Industrial Intelligence(GIII) Guangzhou511400China

The development of full-spectrum photocatalysts active in the near-infrared(NIR)region has gained increasing attention for deleterious pollutant *** integration of plasmonic metals with semico nductors is an effective way to widen the light re sponse range of photocatalysts due to the strong light absorption and fast plasmonic energy transfer of the localized surface plasmon resonance(LSPR).In this work,the full-spectrum responsive Bi@SrTiO_(3) was prepared via facile solvothermal chemical *** optimal Bi@SrTiO_(3) achieves exceptional photocatalytic Cr(VI)reduction efficiency and tetracycline degradation,realizing bi-directional promotion effects on redox *** to density functional theory(DFT)simulations,the extraordinary photocatalytic performance is attributed to the tunable builtin electric field(IEF)of the Ohmic *** favorable adaptability in real water and high stability of BSTO-25 were proved by experime ntal *** the po ssible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed based on theoretical calculation and experimental ***,the non-toxicity of the BSTO-25 was evaluated by *** cultivation,which further proves the feasibility of treating wastewater with *** work provides a new perspective on constructing full-spectrum-driven photocatalysts for applications dealing with environmental remediation.

关键词： Full-spectrum photocatalysts Localized surface plasmon resonance Ohmic contact Cr(Ⅵ)reduction Antibiotic degradation Rare earths

A proton birdcage coil integrated with interchangeable single loops for multi-nuclear MRI/MRS

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journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2024年第2期25卷 168-180页

作者： Yi ZHANG Zhiyan QUAN Feiyang LOU Yujiao FANG Garth j.THOMPSON Gao chen Xiaotong ZHANG Department of Neurosurgery the Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310009China Key Laboratory of Precise Treatment and Clinical Translational Research of Neurological Diseases Hangzhou310009China MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology College of Biomedical Engineering&Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China School of Medicine Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310020China iHuman Institute School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai201210China College of Electrical Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China

Energy metabolism is fundamental for *** encompasses the utilization of carbohydrates,lipids,and proteins for internal processes,while aberrant energy metabolism is implicated in many *** the present study,using three-dimensional(3D)printing from polycarbonate via fused deposition modeling,we propose a multi-nuclear radiofrequency(RF)coil design with integrated 1H birdcage and interchangeable X-nuclei(^(2)H,^(13)C,^(23)Na,and^(31)P)single-loop coils for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)/magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS).The single-loop coil for each nucleus attaches to an arc bracket that slides unrestrictedly along the birdcage coil inner surface,enabling convenient switching among various nuclei and animal *** to a commercial 1H birdcage coil,the proposed 1H birdcage coil exhibited superior signal-excitation homogeneity and imaging signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).For X-nuclei study,prominent peaks in spectroscopy for phantom solutions showed excellent SNR,and the static and dynamic peaks of in vivo spectroscopy validated the efficacy of the coil design in structural imaging and energy metabolism detection simultaneously.

关键词： Energy metabolism Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) Magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS) Multi-nuclear Radiofrequency coil Three-dimensional(3D)printing