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Global concerns related to water biology and security:The need for language and policies that safeguard living resources versus those that dilute scientific knowledge

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Water Biology and Security 2023年第4期2卷 136-146页

作者： Robert M.Hughes james R.Karr Robert L.Vadas Dominick A.DellaSala Marcos Callisto Maria joao Feio Teresa Ferreira Neels Kleynhans Renata Ruaro Chris O.Yoder j.hal michael Amnis Opes Institute 2895 SE GlennCorvallisOR97333USA Department of Fisheries Wildlife&Conservation SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR97331USA School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences University of WashingtonSeattleWA98915USA Karr Consulting 102 Galaxy View CourtSequimWA98382USA 2909 Boulevard Rd.SE OlympiaWA98501-3971USA Wild Heritage a Project of Earth Island Institute2150 Allston WayBerkeleyCA94704-1346USA Departamento de Genetica Ecologia e EvolucaoInstituto de Ciencias BiologicasUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisAvenida Antonio Carlos 6627CEP 31270-901Belo HorizonteMGBrazil Associate Laboratory ARNET Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreDepartment of Life SciencesUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal Forest Research Centre&Associate Laboratory TERRA University of LisbonTapada da Ajuda1349-017LisbonPortugal Department of Water Affairs and Forestry(retired) 8th Avenue 771Wonderboom South0084PretoriaSouth Africa Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology Federal Technological University of Parana81280-340CuritibaPRBrazil Midwest Biodiversity Institute 4673 Northwest ParkwayHilliardOH43026USA Ecologists Without Borders OlympiaWAUSA

Increasingly,scientists and non-scientists,especially employees of government agencies,tend to use weak or equivocal language when making statements related to science policy and governmental *** use recent publications to provide examples of vague language versus examples of strong language when authors write about regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural *** language is common in agency reports,policy documents,and even scientific papers published by *** language limits success in regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural *** challenge must be recognized and countered as a driver of the condition of water and associated *** also list sources of vague wording,provide global examples of how ambiguous language and political influences have contributed to water resource degradation,discuss the recent history of science censorship,and offer possible solutions for more direct scientific *** found that:(1)equivocal language was especially common in concluding statements and not only by government employees;(2)authors discussed confusing language concerns in an agency publication;and(3)agency employees sometimes used active,strong *** drivers of weak language include:(1)holding on to old paradigms and resisting new knowledge;(2)scientific uncertainty;(3)institutional manuscript review policies;(4)employment and funding insecurity;and(5)avoiding the appearance of *** associated with euphemistic language included climate change,flow and physical habitat alteration,dams,agriculture,mining,forestry,and fisheries,as well as resistance towards monitoring,assessing,and reporting ecological *** for mitigating equivocal language involve employment protections and greater focus on scientific *** conclude that natural resource scientists should resist calls to employ imprecise ***,they should be strong advocates for prescriptive and protective natura

关键词： Corruption Ethics Science censoring Science policy Water resource degradation

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日本真牡蛎(Grassostrea gigas)抗夏季死亡的育种试验

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国外水产 1981年第1期 25-29页

作者： j.hal Beattie 王颖洁

迄今为止所取得的试验结果表明,选育能够抗高温的牡蛎子代具有很大的潜力.子一代是从日本愿种牡蛎产生的,它可以耐受21℃的高温.7个子代中的两个在高温下的成活率显著地要比同龄的日本原种的成活率高.而且,每一个子代都显示了较好的成活... 详细信息

迄今为止所取得的试验结果表明,选育能够抗高温的牡蛎子代具有很大的潜力.子一代是从日本愿种牡蛎产生的,它可以耐受21℃的高温.7个子代中的两个在高温下的成活率显著地要比同龄的日本原种的成活率高.而且,每一个子代都显示了较好的成活率.性腺成熟度的变化可能是本报告所描述的,影响到晚秋试验结果的一个易变因子.进一步的试验将在仲夏到晚夏性腺发育成熟期间进行.

关键词：亲贝苗种子一代 Grassostrea gigas 子代杂交后代后期幼体诱导产卵原种日本

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Design and synthesis of synthetic promoters for consistency of gene expression across growth phases and scale in ***

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第2期9卷 330-339页

作者： Kristin V.Presnell Omar Melhem Sarah M.Coleman Nicholas j.Morse hal S.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX78712USA

Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology endeavors benefit from promoters that perform consistently(or robustly)with respect to cellular growth phase(exponential and stationary)and fermentation scale(microtiter plates,tubes,flasks,and bioreactors).However,nearly all endogenous promoters(especially in Saccharomyces cerevisiae)do not perform in this *** this work,a hybrid promoter engineering strategy is leveraged to create novel synthetic promoters with robustness across these *** a multi-dimensional RNA-seq dataset,promoters with specific phase dependencies were *** enriched with functional transcription factors were identified using MEME *** motif-containing fragments could impart activity dependence in the opposing ***,we obtain two new promoters with high and consistent expression across both phases by increasing the exponential phase activity of the starting stationary-phase scaffold by 38 and 23-fold ***,we show that these promoters function consistently across various laboratory growth scales over time in a microtiter plate and in ***,this work presents and validates a new strategy for engineering promoters in *** with high levels of expression that are robust to cellular growth phase and the scale of the culture.

关键词： endogenous synthetic stationary

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Sulfamic acid functionalized slag for effective removal of organic dye and toxic metal from the aqueous samples

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Chinese journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第5期34卷 306-318页

作者： Dauda Mohammed Muhammad hal-Malack Basheer Chanbasha Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31261Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry King Fahd University of Petroleum&MineralsDhahran 31262Saudi Arabia

Surface functionalization of blast furnace slag with sulfamic acid(a zwitterion)was performed for the removal of Cr^(3+)and methylene blue dye(MB)from water *** slag functionalization process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology *** analysis of the parameters that include the sulfamic acid amount(A),reaction time(B),and temperature(C)revealed that(A)increase had a negative effect on the adsorption of both pollutants by the zwitterion slag,whereas(B)and(C)increase presented a positive *** the optimum condition of 2 g sulfamic acid amount,50 min reaction time and 37℃ temperature,the prepared slag showed a removal efficiency of more than 90% for both Cr^(3+)and *** characterization by SEM/EDS,FTIR,XPS and surface area analyser,showed an improvement in surface properties and the incorporation of zwitterionic NH^(2+)and S=O groups of sulfamic *** isotherm and kinetic studies conducted with the zwitterion slag showed the adsorption process was suited to Freundlich isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic *** thermodynamic study conducted revealed the spontaneity of the process based on the calculated negativeΔG(Gibb’s free energy)*** prepared zwitterion slag offered easy regeneration with dilute HCl solution and showed a considerable removal(Cr^(3+):65% and MB:80%)for both pollutants even after 3 cycles of usage.

关键词： Functional groups Optimization Zwitterion Adsorption Waste treatment Industrial waste

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Expanding beyond canonical metabolism:Interfacing alternative elements,synthetic biology,and metabolic engineering

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第1期3卷 20-33页

作者： Kevin B.Reed hal S.Alper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX 78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX 78712USA

Metabolic engineering offers an exquisite capacity to produce new molecules in a renewable ***,most industrial applications have focused on only a small subset of elements from the periodic table,centered around carbon *** review aims to illustrate the expanse of chemical elements that can currently(and potentially)be integrated into useful products using cellular ***,we describe recent advances in expanding the cellular scope to include the halogens,selenium and the metalloids,and a variety of metal *** examples range from small molecules,heteroatom-linked uncommon elements,and natural products to biomining and nanotechnology ***,this review covers the promise of an expanded range of elemental incorporations and the future impacts it may have on biotechnology.

关键词： Metabolic engineering Synthetic biology Unnatural metabolism halogenation Cellular factories Non-canonical elements

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Pathway and protein engineering for biosynthesis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2022年第4期7卷 1044-1045页

作者： Yongjin Zhou Martin Grininger hal Alper Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesChina Goethe University Frankfurt Germany The University of Texas at Austin USA

Sustainable biosynthesis of chemicals and efforts to create new molecules of interest require efficient enzymes and pathways as well as comprehensive tools and technologies to implement this *** are the key components for construction of efficient biosynthetic pathways,enzyme characterization and engineering can help to identify key enzymes and regulatory factors for construction of biosynthetic pathways,as well as improve enzyme performance;Pathway engineering can help construct biosynthetic pathways and balance metabolic network to improve biosynthetic efficiency;Tools and technologies facilitate the engineering of enzymes,pathways,and whole *** special issue focusing on“Pathway and Protein Engineering for Biosynthesis”comprises eight review articles and nine original research articles,which highlight and showcase current progress on Pathway and Protein Engineering and their application for biosynthesis.

关键词： ring engineering biosynthesis

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Design and synthesis of synthetic UP elements for modulation of gene expression in Escherichia coli

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2019年第2期4卷 99-106页

作者： Kristin V.Presnell Madeleine Flexer-Harrison hal SAlper McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin200 E Dean Keeton St.Stop C0400AustinTX78712USA Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin2500 Speedway AvenueAustinTX78712USA

Metabolic engineering requires fine-tuned gene expression for most pathway optimization *** develop a suitable suite of promoters,traditional bacterial promoter engineering efforts have focused on modifications to the core region,especially the−10 and−35 regions,of native ***,we demonstrate an alternate,unexplored route of promoter engineering through randomization of the UP element of the promoter—a region that contacts the alpha subunit carboxy-terminal domain instead of the sigma subunit of the RNA polymerase *** this work,we identify five novel UP element sequences through library-based searches in Escherichia *** resulting elements were used to activate the *** core promoter,rrnD promoter,to levels on par and higher than the prevalent strong bacterial promoter,*** relative levels of expression activation were transferrable when applied upstream of alternate core promoter sequences,including rrnA and *** work thus presents and validates a novel strategy for bacterial promoter engineering with transferability across varying core promoters and potential for transferability across bacterial species.

关键词： UP element Promoter engineering Expression modulation

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Transporting droplets through surface anisotropy

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2015年第1期1卷 74-81页

作者： hal R.Holmes Karl F.Böhringer Department of Bioengineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of WashingtonSeattleWA 98195USA

This review article examines digital microfluidic systems that manipulate droplets through surface *** systems are categorized as surface tension driven or contact line *** tension driven systems include electrowetting on dielectric,Marangoni flow on microheater arrays,and chemical gradient surfaces,whereas contact line driven systems include anisotropic ratchet conveyors,nanostructured Parylene ratchets,and tilted pillar *** article describes the operating principles and outlines the fabrication procedures for each *** also present new equations that unify several previous models of contact line driven *** strengths and weaknesses of each system are compared,with a focus on their ability to perform the generation,switching,fusion,and fission of ***,we discuss current and potential future applications of these systems.

关键词： droplets digital microfluidics electrowetting thermocapillary forces contact line oscillation

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Metabolic pathway engineering

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2018年第1期3卷 1-2页

作者： hal S.Alper joséL.Avalos McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Andlinger Center for Energy and the EnvironmentPrinceton UniversityUSA

Organisms can be engineered to produce a wide variety of compounds by either enhancing endogenous metabolic pathways,or by introducing exogenous pathways that are either borrowed from other organism,or de novo-designed pathways unknown to *** overexpression of bottleneck enzymes and deletion of competing pathways remain at the core of metabolic pathway engineering,there are many other key elements that need to be considered to successfully develop strains for the production of valuable products.

关键词： products. introducing valuable

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Applying Downscaled Global Climate Model Data to a Groundwater Model of the Suwannee River Basin, Florida, USA

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American journal of Climate Change 2016年第4期5卷 526-557页

作者： Eric Swain j. hal Davis Caribbean-Florida Water Science Center U.S. Geological Survey Davie FL USA Retired US Geological Survey Davie FL USA

The application of Global Climate Model (GCM) output to a hydrologic model allows for comparisons between simulated recent and future conditions and provides insight into the dynamics of hydrology as it may be affected by climate change. A previously developed numerical model of the Suwannee River Basin, Florida, USA, was modified and calibrated to represent transient conditions. A simulation of recent conditions was developed for the 372-month period 1970-2000 and was compared with a simulation of future conditions for a similar-length period 2039-2069, which uses downscaled GCM data. The MODFLOW groundwater-simulation code was used in both of these simulations, and two different MODFLOW boundary condition “packages” (River and Streamflow-Routing Packages) were used to represent interactions between surface-water and groundwater features. The hydrologic fluxes between the atmosphere and landscape for the simulation of future conditions were developed from dynamically downscaled precipitation and evapotranspiration (ET) data generated by the Community Climate System Model (CCSM). The downscaled precipitation data were interpolated for the Suwannee River model grid, and the downscaled ET data were used to develop potential ET and were interpolated to the grid. The future period has higher simulated rainfall (10.8 percent) and ET (4.5 percent) than the recent period. The higher future rainfall causes simulated groundwater levels to rise in areas where they are deep and have little ET in either the recent or future case. However, in areas where groundwater levels were originally near the surface, the greater future ET causes groundwater levels to become lower despite the higher projected rainfall. The general implication is that unsaturated zone depth could be more spatially uniform in the future and vegetation that requires a range of conditions (substantially wetter or drier than average) could be detrimentally affected. This vegetation would include wetland species,

关键词： Groundwater Climate Model River System Downscaling

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