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A detailed comparison of the composition of(RE)-Ba-Cu-O-Ag bulk superconductors

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Superconductivity 2024年第1期9卷 87-94页

作者： j.v.j.Congreve Y.Shi A.R.Dennis h.Druiff N.C.Tutt D.A.Cardwell j.h.Durrell Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeUK

The homogeneity of the microstructure and composition are critical in determining the properties of rare earthbarium‐cuprate,single grain bulk superconductors[(RE)BCO].The magnitude of the trapped magnetic field achieveable in these technologically important materials,in particular,is influenced heavily by the size and distribution of(RE)_(2)BaCuO_(x)(RE‐211)flux pinning inclusions in the bulk microstructure,whereas the size and distribution of silver agglomerates present within the bulk superconducting matrix correlate directly with improved mechanical *** careful engineering,these materials have significant potential for application in range of devices related to energy storage,medicine,electro‐magnetic machinery and microelectronic *** of(RE)BCO bulk superconductors typically involves heating a powder compact above its peritectic decomposition temperature followed by slow cooling to facilitate the growth of a single ***(RE)BCO composition has a different peritectic temperature and growth rate,which,therefore,necessitates different requirements in the heating *** fabrication temperature and growth rate,for example,may have an effect on the RE‐211 and silver distribution,which may,in turn,affect the superconducting properties of the resulting single *** this work we compare the distributions of silver and RE‐211 in the single grain microstructures of YBCOAg,GdBCO‐Ag,EuBCO‐Ag and SmBCO‐Ag bulk superconductors using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray *** observe that the distributions are very similar along both the a/b‐axis and c‐axis of these *** suggests that factors other than the maximum temperature used to achieve peritectic decomposition and the rate of single grain growth are particularly influential in determining the properties of the as‐processed samples in the top seeded melt growth *** observation demonstrates there is freedom to us

关键词： YBCO‐Ag GdBCO‐Ag SmBCO‐Ag EuBCO‐Ag Composition Bulk superconductor

Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： m.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov v.F.Gromov O.j.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(Oh)_(3)and InOOh are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to h_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity hydrogen Response/recovery time

metrology for sub-Rayleigh-length target positioning in~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser-plasma experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 90-105页

作者： E.A.vishnyakov A.Sagisaka K.Ogura T.Zh.Esirkepov B.Gonzalez-Izquierdo C.D.Armstrong T.A.Pikuz S.A.Pikuz W.Yan T.m.jeong S.Singh P.hadjisolomou O.Finke G.m.Grittani m.Nevrkla C.m.Lazzarini A.velyhan T.hayakawa Y.Fukuda j.K.Koga m.Ishino K.Kondo Y.miyasaka A.Kon m.Nishikino Y.v.Nosach D.Khikhlukha I.P.Tsygvintsev D.Kumar j.Nejdl D.margarone P.v.Sasorov S.Weber m.Kando h.Kiriyama Y.Kato G.Korn K.Kondo S.v.Bulanov T.Kawachi A.S.Pirozhkov ELI Beamlines Facility The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERICDolníBrežanyCzech Republic Kansai Institute for Photon Science(KPSI) QSTKyotoJapan Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCHarwell OxfordDidcotUK Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan hB11 Energy holdings FreshwaterAustralia Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas(ministry of Education) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Plasma Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic FZU-Institute of Physics ASCR PragueCzech Republic Czech Technical University in Prague FNSPEPragueCzech Republic Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Institute of Physics National Academy of Sciences of UkraineKyivUkraine ISTEQ AR YerevanArmenia

Tight focusing with very small f-numbers is necessary to achieve the highest at-focus ***,tight focusing imposes strong demands on precise target positioning in-focus to achieve the highest on-target irradiance We describe several near-infrared,visible,ultraviolet and soft and hard X-ray diagnostics employed in a~10^(22)W/cm^(2)laser±plasma *** used nearly 10 j total energy femtosecond laser pulses focused into an approximately1.3-μm focal spot on 5±20μm thick stainless-steel *** discuss the applicability of these diagnostics to determine the best in-focus target position with approximately 5μm accuracy(i.e.,around half of the short Rayleigh length)and show that several diagnostics(in particular,3ωreflection and on-axis hard X-rays)can ensure this *** demonstrated target positioning within several micrometers from the focus,ensuring over 80%of the ideal peak laser intensity *** approach is relatively fast(it requires 10±20 laser shots)and does not rely on the coincidence of low-power and high-power focal planes.

关键词： laser-plasma interaction precise target positioning spectroscopy ultra-high intensity X-rays

Single atom Cu-N-C catalysts for the electro-reduction of CO_(2) to CO assessed by rotating ring-disc electrode

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第1期88卷 169-182,I0004页

作者： S.Pérez-Rodríguez m.Gutiérrez-Roa C.Giménez-Rubio D.Ríos-Ruiz P.Arévalo-Cid m.v.martínez-huerta A.Zitolo m.j.Lázaro D.Sebastián Instituto de Carboquímica(CSIC) Miguel Luesma Castán 450018 ZaragozaSpain Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica(CSIC) Marie Curie 228049 MadridSpain Synchrotron SOLEIL L’Orme des MerisiersDépartementale 12891190France

The electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR) to controllable chemicals is considered as a promising pathway to store intermittent renewable energy. herein, a set of catalysts based on copper-nitrogendoped carbon xerogel(Cu-N-C) are successfully developed varying the copper amount and the nature of the copper precursor, for the efficient CO_(2)RR. The electrocatalytic performance of Cu-N-C materials is assessed by a rotating ring-disc electrode(RRDE), technique still rarely explored for CO_(2)RR. For comparison, products are also characterized by online gas chromatography in a h-cell. The as-synthesized Cu-NC catalysts are found to be active and highly CO selective at low overpotentials(from -0.6 to -0.8 v ***) in 0.1 m KhCO_(3), while h_(2) from the competitive water reduction appears at larger overpotentials(-0.9 v vs. RhE). The optimum copper acetate-derived catalyst containing Cu-N_(4) moieties exhibits a CO_(2)-to-CO turnover frequency of 997 h^(-1) at -0.9 v vs. RhE with a h_(2)/CO ratio of 1.8. These results demonstrate that RRDE configuration can be used as a feasible approach for identifying electrolysis products from CO_(2)RR.

关键词： Cu-N-C Carbon xerogel Rotating ring disc electrode Carbon dioxide reduction reaction Carbon monoxide

Supramolecular Polymerization of hydrogen-Bonded Trimers in Bulk and Aqueous medium

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第6期6卷 1458-1465页

作者： Freek v.de Graaf Stef A.h.jansen Sandra m.C.Schoenmakers Bas van Genabeek marle E.j.vleugels Bart W.L.van den Bersselaar E.W.meijer Ghislaine vantomme Institute for Complex molecular Systems Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology5600 MBEindhoven School of Chemistry and RNA Institute University of New South WalesSydneyNew South Wales 2052

Synthetic molecules that form functional noncovalent assemblies in water have received much attention for their potential applications as *** this work,we introduce a novel water-compatible monomer based on the phthalhydrazide moiety that assembles into hydrogen-bonded trimeric *** bulk,the material exhibits a cylindrical nanostructure in the liquid-crystalline phase at elevated temperatures,morphologically distinct from the crystalline lamellar *** water,these molecules effectively form cylinders in a one-dimensional fashion,yielding fibrous *** formation of these supramolecular polymers follows a cooperative mechanism,as evidenced by denaturation *** trimerized pattern represents a new category of aqueous su pramolecular polymers with future prospects for functional complex molecular systems.

关键词： noncovalent chemistry supramolecular polymers hydrogen bonding cooperativity nanostructure

BaTiO_(3)solid solutions co-doped with Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+):Synthesis,structural evolution and dielectric properties

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journal of Rare Earths 2024年第10期42卷 1920-1926页

作者： R.martínez-López m.Pérez-Labra j.A.Romero-Serrano F.R.Barrientos-hernández m.Reyes-Pérez m.I.valenzuela-Carrillo G.Urbano-Reyes v.E.Reyes-Cruz G.I.Dávila-Pulido Academic Area of Earth Sciences and materials Autonomous University of Hidalgo StateRoad Pachuca-Tulancingo Km 4.5 Mineral de La Reforma.Hidalgo42184Mexico metallurgy and materials Department ESIQIE-IPNUPALMZacatencoCiudad de Mexico07738Mexico Autonomous University of Coahuila Boulevard Adolfo López Mateos S/nNueva RositaCoahuila26800Mexico

In this paper,the synthesis,structural evolution,and dielectric properties of BaTiO_(3)solid solutions codoped with rare earth elements(Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+))prepared using the solid-state reaction method are *** pure precursor powders of BaCl_3,TiO_(2),Gd_(2)O_(3),and Eu_(2)O_(3)were mixed in stoichiometric proportions,ground in an agate mortar before being uniaxially pressed at 250 mPa and sintered at 1300℃in air atmosphere for 6 h to obtain Ba_(1-3x)Gd_(2x)Ti_(1-3x)Eu_(4x)O_(3)(x=0,0.0015,0.01 and0.1).X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Rietveld's refinement results reveal the crystal phase ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)for the samples with x=0,0.0015 and 0.01,as well as a consistent increment in the lattice parameters caused by the *** solubility limit of Gd^(3+)and Eu^(3+)in the BaTiO_(3)structure is reached for the sample with x>0.01,and the orthorhombic Eu_2TiO_(5)and monoclinic BaTi_(2)O_(5)secondary phases were *** Raman results show the characteristic peaks of ferroelectric tetragonal BaTiO_(3)around 716 cm^(-1)(LO of A1 symmetry),515 cm^(-1)(TO of A1 symmetry),and 305 cm^(-1)(B1).The maximum relative permittivity measured at 1 khz was recorded to be 6151.8 for the sample with x=0.0015,and a decrease in the Curie temperature to 105℃with respect to the undoped sample was *** punctual microanalysis for the samples with x=0.0015,0.01,and 0.1 reveals grains composed of Ba,Ti,O,Gd,and Eu homogeneously distributed in the BaTiO_(3)*** Ba/Ti ratios for samples with x=0.0015,0.01 and 0.1 are 2.86,2.91,and 0.68,respectively,indicating substitution at the Ti site for samples with x=0.0015 and 0.01 and a substitution at the Ba site for the sample with x=0.1.

关键词： BaTiO_(3) Doping Gadolinium Europium Synthesis Rare earths

Synchronized off-harmonic probe laser with highly variable pulse duration for laser-plasma interaction experiments

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high Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 99-107页

作者： j.hornung Y.Zobus h.Lorenté C.Brabetz B.Zielbauer v.Bagnoud GSI helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmbh DarmstadtGermany Institut d’Optique UniversitéParis-SaclayPalaiseauFrance Institut für Angewandte Physik Technische Universität DarmstadtDarmstadtGermany

This paper presents the development and experimental utilization of a synchronized off-harmonic laser system designed as a probe for ultra-intense laser±plasma interaction experiments. The system exhibits a novel seed-generation design,allowing for a variable pulse duration spanning over more than three orders of magnitude, from 3.45 picoseconds to 10 nanoseconds. This makes it suitable for various plasma diagnostics and visualization techniques. In a side-view configuration, the laser was employed for interferometry and streaked shadowgraphy of a laser-induced plasma while successfully suppressing the self-emission background of the laser±plasma interaction, resulting in a signal-to-self-emission ratio of 110 for this setup. These properties enable the probe to yield valuable insights into the plasma dynamics and interactions at the PhELIX facility and to be deployed at various laser facilities due to its easy-to-implement design.

关键词： interferometry laser-plasma interaction off-harmonic probe laser streaked shadowgraphy

STCF conceptual design report (volume 1): Physics & detector

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第1期19卷 1-154页

作者： m.Achasov X.C.Ai L.P.An R.Aliberti Q.An X.Z.Bai Y.Bai O.Bakina A.Barnyakov v.Blinov v.Bobrovnikov D.Bodrov A.Bogomyagkov A.Bondar I.Boyko Z.h.Bu F.m.Cai h.Cai j.j.Cao Q.h.Cao X.Cao Z.Cao Q.Chang K.T.Chao D.Y.Chen h.Chen h.X.Chen j.F.Chen K.Chen L.L.Chen P.Chen S.L.Chen S.m.Chen S.Chen S.P.Chen W.Chen X.Chen X.F.Chen X.R.Chen Y.Chen Y.Q.Chen h.Y.Cheng j.Cheng S.Cheng T.G.Cheng j.P.Dai L.Y.Dai X.C.Dai D.Dedovich A.Denig I.Denisenko j.m.Dias D.Z.Ding L.Y.Dong W.h.Dong v.Druzhinin D.S.Du Y.j.Du Z.G.Du L.m.Duan D.Epifanov Y.L.Fan S.S.Fang Z.j.Fang G.Fedotovich C.Q.Feng X.Feng Y.T.Feng j.L.Fu j.Gao Y.N.Gao P.S.Ge C.Q.Geng L.S.Geng A.Gilman L.Gong T.Gong B.Gou W.Gradl j.L.Gu A.Guevara L.C.Gui A.Q.Guo F.K.Guo j.C.Guo j.Guo Y.P.Guo Z.h.Guo A.Guskov K.L.han L.han m.han X.Q.hao j.B.he S.Q.he X.G.he Y.L.he Z.B.he Z.X.heng B.L.hou T.j.hou Y.R.hou C.Y.hu h.m.hu K.hu R.j.hu W.h.hu X.h.hu Y.C.hu j.hua G.S.huang j.S.huang m.huang Q.Y.huang W.Q.huang X.T.huang X.j.huang Y.B.huang Y.S.huang N.hüsken v.Ivanov Q.P.ji j.j.jia S.jia Z.K.jia h.B.jiang j.jiang S.Z.jiang j.B.jiao Z.jiao h.j.jing X.L.Kang X.S.Kang B.C.Ke m.Kenzie A.Khoukaz I.Koop E.Kravchenko A.Kuzmin Y.Lei E.Levichev C.h.Li C.Li D.Y.Li F.Li G.Li G.Li h.B.Li h.Li h.N.Li h.j.Li h.L.Li j.m.Li j.Li L.Li L.Li L.Y.Li N.Li P.R.Li R.h.Li S.Li T.Li W.j.Li X.Li X.h.Li X.Q.Li X.h.Li Y.Li Y.Y.Li Z.j.Li h.Liang j.h.Liang Y.T.Liang G.R.Liao L.Z.Liao Y.Liao C.X.Lin D.X.Lin X.S.Lin B.j.Liu C.W.Liu D.Liu F.Liu G.m.Liu h.B.Liu j.Liu j.j.Liu j.B.Liu K.Liu K.Y.Liu K.Liu L.Liu Q.Liu S.B.Liu T.Liu X.Liu Y.W.Liu Y.Liu Y.L.Liu Z.Q.Liu Z.Y.Liu Z.W.Liu I.Logashenko Y.Long C.G.Lu j.X.Lu N.Lu Q.F.Lü Y.Lu Y.Lu Z.Lu P.Lukin F.j.Luo T.Luo X.F.Luo Y.h.Luo h.j.Lyu X.R.Lyu j.P.ma P.ma Y.ma Y.m.ma F.maas S.malde D.matvienko Z.X.meng R.mitchell A.Nefediev Y.Nefedov S.L.Olsen Q.Ouyang P.Pakhlov G.Pakhlova X.Pan Y.Pan E.Passemar Y.P.Pei h.P.Peng L.Peng X.Y.Peng X.j.Peng K.Peters S.Pivovarov E.Pyata B.B.Qi Y.Q.Qi W.B.Qian Y.Qian C.F.Qiao j.j.Qin j.j.Qin L.Q.Qin X.S.Qin T.L.Qiu j.Rademacker C.F.Redmer h.Y.Sang Anhui University Hefei 230039China Beihang University Beijing 100191China Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novosibirsk 630090Russia CAS Key Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Institute of Theoretical PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeJJ Thomson AveCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom Central China Normal University Wuhan 430079China Central South University Changsha 410083China China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074China China University of mining and Technology Xuzhou 221116China École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne(EPFL) LausanneSwitzerland Fudan University Shanghai 200433China Goethe University Frankfurt D-60325 Frankfurt am MainGermany Guangxi Normal University Guilin 541004China Guangxi Uninversity Nanning 530004China hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCASHangzhou 310024China hebei Normal University Shijiazhuang 050024China hebei University Baoding 071002China hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601China helmholtz Institute mainz Staudinger Weg 18D-55099 MainzGermany henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007China henan University Kaifeng 475004China high Energy Physics Center Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Korea higher School of Economy 11 Pokrovsky Bulvar Moscow 109028Russia huangshan University Huangshan 245000China hubei University of Automotive Technology Shiyan 442002China hunan Normal University Changsha 410081China hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan 411201China hunan University Changsha 410082China Indiana University BloomingtonIndiana 47405USA Inner mongolia University Hohhot 010021China Institute of Advanced Science Facilities Shenzhen 518107China Institute of high Energy Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of modern Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipeiTaiwan 11529China Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China jilin University Changch

The superτ-charm facility(STCF)is an electron–positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics *** is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 Gev with a peak luminosity of 0.5×10^(35) cm^(–2)·s^(–1) or *** STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that of the presentτ-charm factory—the BEPCII,providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter(charge-parity violation),in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions,as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard *** STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R&D *** document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF,describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system,and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics case studies.

关键词： electron–positron collider tau-charm region high luminosity STCF detector conceptual design

Isochrone Fitting of Galactic Globular Clusters—Ⅵ.high-latitude Clusters NGC 5024 (m53),NGC 5053,NGC 5272 (m3),NGC 5466,and NGC7099 (m30)

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第6期24卷 170-190页

作者： G.A.Gontcharov S.S.Savchenko A.A.marchuk C.j.Bonatto O.S.Ryutina m.Yu.Khovritchev v.B.Il'in A.v.mosenkov D.m.Poliakov A.A.Smirnov Central(Pulkovo)Astronomical Observatory Russian Academy of SciencesPulkovskoye chaussee 65/1St.Petersburg 196140Russia Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskij pr.28St.Petersburg 198504Russia Special Astrophysical Observatory Russian Academy of Sciences369167 Nizhnij ArkhyzRussia Departamento de Astronomia Instituto de FísicaUFRGSAv.Bento Gonçalves9500Porto AlegreRSBrazil Saint Petersburg University of Aerospace Instrumentation Bol.Morskaya ul.67ASt.Petersburg 190000Russia Department of Physics and Astronomy Brigham Young UniversityN283 ESCProvoUT 84602USA

We fit various color–magnitude diagrams(CmDs) of the high-latitude Galactic globular clusters NGC 5024(m53),NGC 5053,NGC 5272(m3),NGC 5466,and NGC 7099(m30) by isochrones from the Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database and Bag of Stellar Tracks and Isochrones for α–enrichment [α/Fe] = +*** the CmDs,we use data sets from hubble Space Telescope,Gaia,and other sources utilizing,at least,25 photometric filters for each *** obtain the following characteristics with their statistical uncertainties for NGC 5024,NGC 5053,NGC 5272,NGC 5466,and NGC 7099,respectively:metallicities [Fe/h] =-1.93 ± 0.02,-2.08 ± 0.03,-1.60 ± 0.02,-1.95 ± 0.02,and-2.07 ± 0.04 dex with their systematic uncertainty 0.1 dex;ages 13.00 ± 0.11,12.70 ± 0.11,11.63 ± 0.07,12.15 ± 0.11,and 12.80 ± 0.17 Gyr with their systematic uncertainty 0.8 Gyr;distances(systematic uncertainty added) 18.22 ± 0.06 ± 0.60,16.99 ± 0.06 ± 0.56,10.08 ± 0.04 ± 0.33,15.59 ±0.03 ± 0.51,and 8.29 ± 0.03 ± 0.27 kpc;reddenings E(B-v) = 0.023 ± 0.004,0.017 ± 0.004,0.023 ± 0.004,0.023 ± 0.003,and 0.045 ± 0.002 mag with their systematic uncertainty 0.01 mag;extinctions Av= 0.08 ± 0.01,0.06 ± 0.01,0.08 ± 0.01,0.08 ± 0.01,and 0.16 ± 0.01 mag with their systematic uncertainty 0.03 mag,which suggest the total Galactic extinction Av= 0.08 across the whole Galactic dust to extragalactic objects at the North Galactic *** horizontal branch morphology difference of these clusters is explained by their different metallicity,age,mass-loss efficiency,and loss of low-mass members in the evolution of the core-collapse cluster NGC 7099 and loose clusters NGC 5053 and NGC 5466.

关键词： (stars:)hertzsprung Russell and C-m diagrams (ISm:)dust extinction (Galaxy:)globular clusters:general (Galaxy:)globular clusters:individual(NGC 5024,NGC 5053,NGC 5272,NGC 5466,NGC7099)