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Stress waves propagation in solids under high-speed liquid impact

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2004年第6期47卷 752-766页

作者： j.E.field Cavendish Laboratory Cambridge UniversityMadingly RoadCambridge CB3 0HEUK

An experiment of impact between 450 m/s water jets and polymethylme- thacrylate (PMMA) materials with complex surface geometry was conducted. The testing surfaces were a corner, step change, surface-breaking notch, inclined surface, etc. Stress waves propagation in the solid such as reflection, interference and diffraction was observed using polarized optics and an Imacon high speed camera (operating at both of 106 and 5×105 framing rates per second, fps). A damage test by the impact of the side jetting of an 850 m/s water jet was also carried out. It was found that stress waves propagation in solids depends not only on the surface geometry but also on the contact situation between liquid and solid. It was shown that the side jetting has sufficient damage potential although its head may consist of finer droplets. The results of this paper are useful to further analyze the dynamic stress state of solids under high-speed liquid impact.

关键词： high-speed liquid/solid impact, stress waves, mechanical property of solid, high-speed photography.

The immune modifying effects of amino acids on gut-associated lymphoid tissue

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journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 195-204页

作者： Megan R Ruth Catherine j field Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science 4-126A Li Ka Shing Health Research Innovation Centre University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 2E1 Canada

The intestine and the gut-associated lymphoid tissue（GALT） are essential components of whole body immune defense,protecting the body from foreign antigens and pathogens,while allowing tolerance to commensal bacteria and dietary *** requirement for protein to support the immune system is well *** is known regarding the immune modifying properties of individual amino acids,particularly on the *** oral and parenteral feeding studies have established convincing evidence that not only the total protein intake,but the availability of specific dietary amino acids（in particular glutamine,glutamate,and arginine,and perhaps methionine,cysteine and threonine） are essential to optimizing the immune functions of the intestine and the proximal resident immune *** amino acids each have unique properties that include,maintaining the integrity,growth and function of the intestine,as well as normalizing inflammatory cytokine secretion and improving T-lymphocyte numbers,specific T cell functions,and the secretion of IgA by lamina propria *** understanding of this area has come from studies that have supplemented single amino acids to a mixed protein diet and measuring the effect on specific immune *** studies should be designed using amino acid mixtures that target a number of specific functions of GALT in order to optimize immune function in domestic animals and humans during critical periods of development and various disease states.

关键词： Amino acids Arginine Epithelium Glutamate Glutamine Gut-associated lymphoid tissue Intestine Mucosa

A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler Katelyn j.W.So Konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj jenny Cheung jennifer Zhang Kaveh Mirmoeini jPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory hBorschel SickKids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

Women in visual neural regeneration research

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第2期20卷 489-490页

作者： Tonia S.Rex David j.Calkins Vanderbilt Eye Institute Vanderbilt University Medical CenterNashvilleTNUSA

The year 2024 marks the 60^(th)anniversary of Title IX and 25 years since the New York Times revealed bias against female faculty members at the Massachusetts Institute of *** take an opportunity here to examine the state of gender bias in a relatively new yet already prominent field,neural regeneration in the visual system,for which there is a well-defined context useful for this *** National Eye Institute(NEI)provided the first round of research funding for its Audacious Goals Initiative(AGI)on visual neural regeneration in 2013 and the last round in ***,we focus on this *** sources included PubMed,the National Science Foundation(NSF),the NEI,the Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research and data from the major professional organization for eye and vision research,the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology(ARVO).

关键词： neural visual Times

Gradient microstructure and enhanced mechanical performance of magnesium alloy by severe impact loading

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第1期36卷 45-49页

作者： Maryam jamalian David P.field School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering.Washington State University PullmanUSA

Subjecting a workpiece to a surface treatment with severe impact loading is a novel severe plastic deformation procedure to fabricate gradient microstructures through the thickness and longitudinal *** performance is a function of twin density and the newly-formed grain size gradients.{1012}tensile twins created from processing without excessive grain refinement lead to strength enhancement with retained *** of residual strain by a single impact results in a significant reduction in time and cost of the *** paper investigates the effect of applying severe impact loading on mechanical and microstructural properties of magnesium for various impact velocities.

关键词： Surface modification Twinning Magnesium alloys Mechanical properties Severe impact loading(SIL)

Brain-penetrating neurotrophic factor mimetics: hER-096 as a disease-modifying therapy for Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1094-1095页

作者： Natalia Kulesskaya Kira M.holmström henri j.huttunen herantis Pharma Plc EspooFinland

Neurotrophic factors as a therapeutic approach in neurodegenerative diseases:A major unmet need in the field of central nervous system diseases is disease-modifying *** for decades there have been various symptomatic treatments available to alleviate the symptoms of the disease,disease-modification,*** that stop,significantly delay,or reverse the progression of the disease,has been turned out to a difficult goal to achieve.

关键词： diseases treatment therapeutic

A GPU-Accelerated Mixed-Precision WENO Method for Extremal Black hole and Gravitational Wave Physics Computations

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2023年第1期5卷 97-115页

作者： Scott E.field Sigal Gottlieb Zachary j.Grant Leah F.Isherwood Gaurav Khanna University of Massachusetts Dartmouth North DartmouthMA 02747USA Department of Computational and Applied Mathematics Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA University of Rhode Island KingstonRI 02881USA

We develop and use a novel mixed-precision weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)method for solving the Teukolsky equation,which arises when modeling perturbations of Kerr black *** show that WENO methods outperform higher-order finite-difference methods,standard in the discretization of the Teukolsky equation,due to the need to add dissipation for stability purposes in the *** particular,as the WENO scheme uses no additional dissipation,it is well suited for scenarios requiring long-time evolution such as the study of price tails and gravitational wave emission from extreme mass ratio *** the mixed-precision approach,the expensive computation of the WENO weights is performed in reduced floating-point precision that results in a significant speedup factor of≈*** addition,we use state-of-the-art Nvidia general-purpose graphics processing units and cluster parallelism to further accelerate the WENO *** optimized WENO solver can be used to quickly generate accurate results of significance in the field of black hole and gravitational wave *** apply our solver to study the behavior of the Aretakis charge—a conserved quantity,that if detected by a gravitational wave observatory like LIGO/Virgo would prove the existence of extremal black holes.

关键词： Numerical methods-Finite differencing hyperbolic Partial differential equations Black holesblack holes WENO

Mycophenolate mofetil for maintenance of remission in steroid-dependent autoimmune pancreatitis

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第18期18卷 2287-2290页

作者： jamie B Sodikoff Steven A Keilin Sheila j Bharmal Melinda M Lewis Gottumukkala S Raju field F Willingham Division of Digestive Diseases Department of MedicineEmory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30322United States Department of Pathology Emory University School of MedicineAtlantaGA 30322United States Department of Gastroenterology the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States

Systemic corticosteroids represent the standard treatment for autoimmune pancreatitis with IgG4-associated *** steroid-dependent disease,azathioprine has been used for maintenance of *** mofetil has been used for transplant immunosuppression and more recently for autoimmune hepatitis;however,there are no case reports to date on the use of mycophenolate mofetil in adult patients with autoimmune pancreatitis.A patient with IgG4-mediated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis refractory to steroids and intolerant of azathioprine was treated with mycophenolate mofetil,which inhibits de novo guanosine synthesis and blockade of both B and T lymphocyte *** of mycophenolate mofetil and uptitration to 1000 mg by mouth twice daily over a treatment period of 4 mo was associated with improvement in the patient's energy level and blood glucose control and was not associated with any adverse *** patient was managed without a biliary ***,there was a return of symptoms,jaundice,increase in transaminases,and hyperbilirubinemia when the prednisone dose reached 11 mg per *** the first report of mycophenolate mofetil use in an adult patient with IgG4-associated autoimmune pancreatitis and IgG4-associated cholangitis,the introduction of mycophenolate mofetil was safe and well-tolerated without adverse events,but it did not enable discontinuation of the *** mofetil and other immunomodulatory therapies should continue to be studied for maintenance of remission in the large subset of patients with refractory or recurrent autoimmune pancreatitis.

关键词： Autoimmune diseases Pancreatitis Mycophenolate mofetil Recurrence

Plasma density measurement and downstream etching of silicon and silicon oxide in Ar/NF3 mixture remote plasma source

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Plasma Science and Technology 2019年第6期21卷 52-57页

作者： h j YEOM D h ChOI Y S LEE j h KIM D j SEONG S j YOU h C LEE Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science(KRISS) Daejeon 34113 Republic of Korea Department of Physics Chungnam National University Daejeon 34134 Republic of Korea

In this study,plasma density measurements were performed near the plume region of the remote plasma source (RPS) in Ar/NF3 gas mixtures using a microwave cutoff *** measured plasma density is in the range of 1010-1011 cm-3 in the discharge conditions with RPS powers of 2-4 kW and gas pressures of 0.87-4 *** plasma density decreased with increasing gas pressures and RPS powers under various Ar/NF3 mixing *** decrease in the plasma density measured at the fixed measurement position (plume region) can be understood by the reduction of the electron energy relaxation length with increases in the gas pressures and mixing ratio of NF3/(Ar/NF3).We also performed downstream etching of silicon and silicon oxide films in this *** etch rate of the silicon films significantly increases while the silicon oxide is slightly etched with the gas pressures and *** was also found that the etch rate strongly depends on the wafer position on the processing chamber electrode,and that the etch selectivity reached 96-131 in the discharge conditions of RF powers (3730-4180 W) and gas pressures (3.6-4 Torr).

关键词： remote plasma source electron density cutoff probe downstream etch