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Investigating lodging in spearmint with overhead sprinklers compared to drag hoses using entropy values from low altitude RGB-imagery

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2022年第2期9卷 335-341页

作者： Behnaz Molaei Abhilash Chandel R.Troy Peters Lav R.Khot j.an Quiros vargas Center for Precision and Automated Agricultural Systems Department of Biological Systems EngineeringWashington State University24106 North Bunn RoadProsserWA 99350USA Institute of Bio-and Geosciences Plant Sciences(IBG-2)Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH52428 JulichGermany

Lodging occurs when the crop canopy is too heavy for the strength of the stem and it fallsover onto the ground. This decreases crop yield and quality, and it makes harvest difficult.A research experiment was set up in a spearmint field on a center pivot with mid elevationspray application (MESA) overhead sprinklers, where the water was applied from a “midelevation” of 2 m above the ground level (AGL), and low elevation precision application(LEPA) sprinklers, where the water was emitted directly onto the soil surface through draghoses without wetting the crop canopy. Every-other span of this full-size center pivot wasconfigured with MESA and LEPA sprinklers alternatively. In 2018, imagery was collectedwith an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) from a cross section of this field. In 2019, a crosssection was again collected, but in addition UAV imagery was collected from marked lodgedand un-lodged areas of the field to validate the lodging detection method. These UAV-basedimagery data were captured with a ground sample distance (GSD) of 0.03 m. This researchintroduces using the texture feature, which is based on image entropy, was used to evaluate the degree of lodging. The results from 2018 showed that the average entropy of thegrayscale image from LEPA (5.5 (mean) ± 0.27 (standard deviation)) was significantly(P < 0.0001) greater than the average entropy (5.0 ± 0.25) of MESA. Also, the entropy valueextracted from the images in 2019 from the marked un-lodged locations were significantlyhigher compared to that of the lodged areas. Overall, the LEPA irrigation treatment was significantly less lodged compared to MESA. Moreover, the entropy value, or texture feature, isa viable method for estimating lodging using low altitude RGB imagery.

关键词： Lodging Spearmint Entropy value Texture feature LEPA and MESA irrigation systems

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Machine learning insights concerning inflammatory and liver-related risk comorbidities in non-communicable and viral diseases

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2022年第44期28卷 6230-6248页

作者： j.Alfredo Martínez Marta Alonso-Bernáldez Diego Martínez-Urbistondo j.an A vargas-Nuñez Ana Ramírezde Molina Alberto Dávalos Omar Ramos-Lopez Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Department of Internal Medicine Hospital Universitario HM SanchinarroMadrid 28050Spain Servicio de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro MajadahondaMadrid 28222MajadahondaSpain Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Laboratory of Epigenetics of Lipid Metabolism Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies-Food InstituteMadrid 28049Spain Medicine and Psychology School Autonomous University of Baja CaliforniaTijuana 22390Baja CaliforniaMexico

The liver is a key organ involved in a wide range of functions,whose damage can lead to chronic liver disease(CLD).CLD accounts for more than two million deaths worldwide,becoming a social and economic burden for most *** the different factors that can cause CLD,alcohol abuse,viruses,drug treatments,and unhealthy dietary patterns top the *** conditions prompt and perpetuate an inflammatory environment and oxidative stress imbalance that favor the development of hepatic *** stages of fibrosis can eventually lead to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Despite the advances achieved in this field,new approaches are needed for the prevention,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of *** this context,the scientific community is using machine learning(ML)algorithms to integrate and process vast amounts of data with unprecedented *** techniques allow the integration of anthropometric,genetic,clinical,biochemical,dietary,lifestyle and omics data,giving new insights to tackle CLD and bringing personalized medicine a step *** review summarizes the investigations where ML techniques have been applied to study new approaches that could be used in inflammatoryrelated,hepatitis viruses-induced,and coronavirus disease 2019-induced liver damage and enlighten the factors involved in CLD development.

关键词： Machine learning Liver inflammation Liver disease Viral diseases Comorbidity

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Commentary on the consensus statement being prepared for the 6th World Congress on Mountain Medicine, Xining 2004

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青海医学院学报 2005年第1期26卷 16-18页

作者： Enrique vargas Institute Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA) La Paz Bolivia

Once we have reviewed the various opinions of our colleagues in the Consensus Group on CMS, I am sure that we will improve our knowledge of this disease, which is increasing in importance world wide. In our country CMS is a maj.r concern of public health authorities due to its prevalence in the relatively young and active male population. In addition to thanking all of you, I owe special thanks to Dr. Ge Ri-Li, to Dr. Peter Hackett and to *** Leon-Velarde for providing all of us with the opportunity to participate in this meeting of the Consensus Group with Dr. Dante Pealoza. Dr. Pealoza is truly a pioneer among Peruvian scientists in the understanding of Monge′s Disease. His thesis on CMS and the pulmonary circulation, published in 1969, is worth our consideration in the present debate, awakening the interest of us all, although some of us, like me, came to his work late. I thank Fabiola also, for all of her energy in organizing this meeting, and Professor j.ck Reeves, a pillar of our organization, whose breadth of knowledge, combined with the simplicity with which he relays his deep understanding of the subj.ct, will guarantee that the summary of the consensus reached will be a comprehensive guide for all us. I also thank Octavio Aparicio, j.sé Farfn, Susan Niermeyer, Stacy Zamudio and Lorna Moore for valuable discussions and editorial assistance.

关键词：高原地区生理学国际会议药物治疗西宁市

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Fast magnitude determination using a single seismological station record implementing machine learning techniques

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2018年第1期9卷 34-41页

作者： Luis H.Ochoa Luis F.Nino Carlos A.vargas Universidad Nacional de Colombia Carrera 45 N°26-85 Edificio Manuel Ancizar-Of:330BogotaColombia

In this work a Support Vector Machine Regression（SVMR） algorithm is used to calculate local magnitude（MI） using only five seconds of signal after the P wave onset of one three component seismic station. This algorithm was trained with 863 records of historical earthquakes, where the input regression parameters were an exponential function of the waveform envelope estimated by least squares and the maximum value of the observed waveform for each component in a single station. Ten-fold cross validation was applied for a normalized polynomial kernel obtaining the mean absolute error for different exponents and complexity parameters. The local magnitude（MI） could be estimated with 0.19 units of mean absolute error. The proposed algorithm is easy to implement in hardware and may be used directly after the field seismological sensor to generate fast decisions at seismological control centers, increasing the possibility of having an effective reaction.

关键词： Earthquake early warning Support Vector Machine Regression Earthquake Rapid response Local magnitude Seismic event Seismology Bogota Colombia

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A Global Group of Friends

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Beij.ng Review 2024年第29期67卷 26-27页

作者： j.an Paul vargas the Sustainable Development Innovation Laboratory Central American Institute of Public Administration the Center for Historical Research of Central America University of Costa Rica

China's Global Development Initiative(GDI)is emerging as a transformative force in the international *** President Xi j.nping first publicized the conceplal the United Nations General Assembly in September *** its announcemen,the GDT's main components and obj.ctives,aimed at fostering cunnectily and coperation between coninents,hawe atractod workdwide atentin.

关键词： Global foster obj.ctives

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Soil conservation and sustainable development goals(SDGs)achievement in Europe and central Asia:Which role for the European soil partnership?

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第3期9卷 360-369页

作者： Hakki Emrah Erdogan Elena Havlicek Carmelo Dazzi Luca Montanarella Marc Van Liedekerke Borut Vrscaj.Pavel Krasilnikov Gulchekhra Khasankhanova Ronald vargas Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry AnkaraTurkey Federal Office for the Environment FOEN Soil and Biotechnology Division3003BemeSwitzerland University of Palermo Italy European Commission Joint Research Centre1-21027IspraVAItaly Department for Agro-ecology and Natural Resources Centre for Soil and EnvironmentAgricultural Institute of SloveniaLjubljanaSlovenia Environmental Protection College VelenjeSlovenia Lomonosov Moscow State University Eurasian Centre for Food SecurityMoscowRussian Federation UZGIP Institute Ministry of Water ResourcesTashkentUzbekistan Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations RomeItaly

Voluntary soil protection measures are not sufficient to achieve sustainable soil management at a global ***,binding soil protection legislation at national and international levels has also proved to be insufficient for the effective protection of this almost non-renewable natural *** European Soil Partnership(ESP)and its sub-regional partnerships(Eurasian Sub-Regional Soil Partnership,Alpine Soil Partnership)were established in the context of FAO's Global Soil Partnership(GSP)with the mission to facilitate and contribute to the exchange of knowledge and technologies related to soils,to develop dialogue and to raise awareness for the need to establish a binding global agreement for sustainable soil management The ESP has taken a role of an umbrella network covering countries in Europe and Central *** aims to improve the dialogue in the whole region and has encouraged establishing goals that would promote sustainable soil management taking into account various national and local approaches and priorities,as well as cultural *** ESP first regional implementation plan for the 2017—2020 period was adopted and implemented along the five GSP pillars of *** on the experience of the last four years,this study demonstrates that establishing sub-regional and national partnerships is an additional step in a concrete sustainable soil management implementation *** also suggests that a complementary approach between legal instruments and voluntary initiatives linked to the development of efficient communication and strong commitment is the key to success.

关键词： Sustainable soil management Soil partnership Soil policy Voluntary versus 52 mandatory approaches Multilevel coordination Communication and cooperation

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Measurements of elastic properties and their dependencies within a damage mechanics workflow

Rock Mechanics Bulletin

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2023年第4期2卷 84-94页

作者： Erik PKnippel Qiquan Xiong Ana Paula Villaquiran vargas j.sse C.Hampton Geomechanics and Damage Group(GeoD) Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonUSA

Experimental rock mechanics testing provides a controlled and effective method for measuring physical properties,their dependencies,and their evolution due to the addition of localized *** understand the contributions of microcracks to first order changes in compliance,the behavior of initial undamaged properties of a material should be comprehensively investigated as a function of stress,load path,and load *** perform a comprehensive study of elastic properties and their dependence on a variety of materials exhibiting nonlinearity,and varying levels of anisotropy in elastic *** programmatically perturb the testing environment of the specimens under triaxial *** moduli are measured within each test,and along multiple discrete loading paths for multistage tests as a function of stress,focusing on a set launch *** single stage triaxial tests per rock type are performed to calculate Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria,and ultrasonic velocities are captured during compression for establishing the upper bound of elastic *** wave velocity for granite experiences a maximum value at a lower differential stress than maximum volumetric *** displays a similar trend at the highest confining pressure,while these two maxima converge under the lowest confining pressure.

关键词： Triaxial test Elastic moduli Ultrasonic measurements Damage mechanics Rock nonlinear behavior

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前列腺影像报告和数据系统(PI-RADS V2.1)解读

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中华放射学杂志 2020年第4期54卷 273-278页

作者：王良 Li Qiubai Hebert Alberto vargas 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院放射科武汉430030 Department of Radiology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallas 75390 Department of Radiology Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer CenterNew York 10021

2019年前列腺成像报告和数据系统(PI-RADS)指导委员会发表了PI-RADS V2.1。许多研究已经揭示了2015年发布的PI-RADS V2的价值和局限性。PI-RADS V2.1对V2技术规范和评分标准的局限性进行了修改。笔者对VI-RADS V2.1的要点进行解读。

关键词：前列腺磁共振成像前列腺成像报告和数据系统

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Effect of dietary supplementation with olive and sunflower oils on lipid profile and liver histology in rats fed high cholesterol diet

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Asian Pacific j.urnal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第6期10卷 609-613页

作者： Sandra Mara Pimentel Duavy Gerson j.vier Torres Salazar Gerlania de Oliveira Leite Assis Ecker Nilda vargas Barbosa Departamento de Química Universidade Regional do Cariri(URCA)Campus Pimenta Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ciências Biológicas:Bioquímica ToxicológicaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM)Campus Universitário-Camobi Departamento de Farmacologia Programa de Pós-Graduacao em FarmacologiaUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria(UFSM)Campus Universitário-Camobi

Obj.ctive: To compare the effects of high-monounsaturated(MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA) against the metabolic disorders elicited by a high-cholesterol diet(HC) in rats. Methods: Using in vivo dietary manipulation, rats were fed with different diets containing 4% soybean oil(cholesterol free diet) and 1% HC containing 12% olive oil(HC+OO) enriched with MUFA and 12% sunflower oil(HC+SO) enriched with PUFA for 60 d. Serum lipid levels and hepatic steatosis were evaluated after the treatment period. Results: Comparatively, rats treated with HC+OO diet experienced a decrease in the serum LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT levels compared to those fed with HC+SO diet(P<0.05). Otherwise, HC+OO provoked significant microvesicular steatosis situated in the hepatic acinar zone 1. Conclusions: HC+OO diet has high absorption velocity in the acinar zone 1 of liver compared to the HC+SO diet. Based on this, the reduction of the LDL-C, VLDL-C and CT serum levels in the animals treated with HC+OO diet can be caused by the delay in the FA release to the blood.

关键词： Cholesterol diets Olive oil Sunflower oil Serum lipids Liver steatosis

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Leaf habit differentiation explains trait tradeoffs across savanna woody plants

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第3期11卷 287-295页

作者： Yangsiding Wang Da Yang German vargas G. Guangyou Hao j.nnifer S.Powers Yan Ke Qin Wang Yunbing Zhang j.aolin Zhang CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Biological Sciences University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China Department of Ecology Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt PaulMN 55108USA

Identifying how leaf habit subdivisions link to the fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance trait tradeoffs can provide new insight into divergence in ecophysiological strategies among plant functional groups. Here, we tested a hypothesis that the differentiation across deciduous, semi-deciduous and evergreen woody species contributes to physiological trait tradeoffs in a dry-hot valley savanna. We investigated 11 photosynthetic, morphological and hydraulic traits of 24 species including 8 deciduous, 10 semi-deciduous and 6 evergreen species. Deciduous species were grouped in the fast and avoidance side associated with high values of maximum photosynthetic rates,stomatal conductance and leaf size, while evergreen species were grouped in the slow and tolerance side associated with high photosynthetic water use efficiency, leaf mass per area, sapwood density, Huber value, leaf water potential at turgor loss point and water potential causing 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance. Semideciduous species generally had intermediate trait values and represented different physiological characteristics when compared to deciduous and evergreen species. The physiological trait tradeoffs showed a close linkage to the differentiation of these three leaf habits. Our findings clearly reveal trait tradeoffs related to fast–slow and avoidance–tolerance strategies among diverse savanna plants, suggesting a syndrome in multiple ecophysiology strategies across different leaf habits.

关键词： Dry-hot habitat Gas exchange Hydraulics Phenology Tolerance Valley savanna

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