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Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles: a case report

Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1207-1216页

作者： Pascal j.Goldschmidt-Clermont Aisha Khan George j.msheleishvili Patricia Graham Adriana Brooks Risset Silvera Alexander j.P.Goldschmidt Damien D.Pearse W.Dalton Dietrich Allan D.Levi j.mes D.Guest Miller School of Medicine University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Stem Cell Institute Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA The Miami Proj.ct to Cure Paralysis Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Alzady International LLC MiamiFLUSA Neurological Surgery Miller School of MedicineUniversity of MiamiMiamiFLUSA

Schwann cells are essential for the maintenance and function of motor neurons,axonal networks,and the neuromuscular *** amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,where motor neuron function is progressively lost,Schwann cell function may also be ***,important signaling and potential trophic activities of Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles have been *** case report describes the treatment of a patient with advanced amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using serial intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,marking,to our knowledge,the first instance of such *** 81-year-old male patient presented with a 1.5-year history of rapidly progressive amyotrophic lateral *** initial diagnosis,the patient underwent a combination of generic riluzole,sodium phenylbutyrate for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and *** patient volunteered to participate in an FDA-approved single-patient expanded access treatment and received weekly intravenous infusions of allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles to potentially restore impaired Schwann cell and motor neuron *** confirmed that cultured Schwann cells obtained from the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient via sural nerve biopsy appeared impaired(senescent)and that exposure of the patient’s Schwann cells to allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles,cultured expanded from a cadaver donor improved their growth capacity in *** a period of observation lasting 10 weeks,during which amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Functional Rating Scale-Revised and pulmonary function were regularly monitored,the patient received weekly consecutive infusions of 1.54×1012(×2),and then consecutive infusions of 7.5×1012(×6)allogeneic Schwann cell-derived exosomal vesicles diluted in 40 mL of Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered *** of the infusions were associated with adverse events such as infusion reactions(allergic or otherwise)or

关键词： allogeneic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis exosomes infusion neuromuscular j.nction Schwann cell

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Fabrication of Submicron-Diameter and Taper Fibers Using Chemical Etching

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2012年第4期28卷 308-312页

作者： Hani j. Kbashi Department of Physics College of Science University of Baghdad Baghdad Al-Jadriya-10070 Iraq

The thin, long length and high smoothness silica photonic nanowires and taper optical fiber were fabricated using a simple and low cost chemical etching method. A two-steps wet etch process were used consisting of etching with 30% HF acid to remove cladding and 24% HF acid to decrease fiber core diameter. An approach for on-line monitoring of etching using 1300 nm light power transmitted in the optical fiber was used to determine the diameter of the remaining core and showed a transition between two different operation regimes of nanofiber from the embedded regime, where the mode was isolated from the environment, to the evanescent regime. The data indicated that the diameter of the silica fiber decreased linearly for both 30% and 24% HF acid with 1.2 and 0.1/zm/min grad diameter, respectively at room temperature, and more than 70% of the mode intensity could propagate outside fiber when the core diameter was less than 1μm. The results of fiber taper showed that the fiber was tapered by a factor of 20 while retaining a thin core structure and leaving about more than 85% of core structure.

关键词： Chemical etching Submicron fiber Taper fibers

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HYERS—ULAM—RASSIAS STABILITY OF QUADRATIC FUNCTIONAL EQUATIONS IN BANACH MODULES OVER A C^＊—ALGEBRA

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2003年第2期24卷 261-266页

作者： C. PARK j. PARK j. SHIN Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.Department of Mathematics Chungnam National University DaeJeon 305-764 South Korea.

The authors prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadratic mapping in Banachmodules over a unital C*-algebra, and prove the Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability of the quadraticmapping in Banach modules over a unital... 详细信息

关键词： Stability B-quadratic Functional equation Banach module over Banach algebra

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A Novel Training Algorithm of Genetic Neural Networks and Its Application to Classification

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j.urnal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2001年第3期12卷 76-84页

作者： Xiao, j. Wu, j. Yang, S. School of Mechanics Huazhong Univ. of Sci. and Technol. Wuhan 430074 China

First of all, this paper discusses the drawbacks of multilayer perceptron (MLP), which is trained by the traditional back propagation (BP) algorithm and used in a special classification problem. A new training algorithm for neural networks based on genetic algorithm and BP algorithm is developed. The difference between the new training algorithm and BP algorithm in the ability of nonlinear approaching is expressed through an example, and the application foreground is illustrated by an example.

关键词： Backpropagation Computer simulation Genetic algorithms Mathematical models Nonlinear control systems Problem solving

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Double Fertilization in Arabidopsis thaliana Involves a Polyspermy Block on the Egg but Not the Central Cell

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Molecular Plant 2008年第4期1卷 611-619页

作者： Rod j. Scott Susan j. Armstrong j.mes Doughty Melissa Spielman Department of Biology and Biochemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath BA2 7AY United Kingdom School of Biosciences The University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom

In animal reproduction, thousands of sperm may compete to fertilize a single egg, but polyspermy blocks prevent multiple fertilization that would otherwise lead to death of the embryo. In flowering plants, successful seed development requires that only two sperm are delivered to the embryo sac, where each must fertilize a female gamete （egg or central cell） to produce the embryo and endosperm. Therefore, polyspermy must be avoided, not only to prevent abnormalities in offspring, but to ensure double fertilization. It is not understood how each sperm fertilizes only one female gamete, nor has the existence of polyspermy barriers been directly tested in vivo. Here, we sought evidence for poly- spermy blocks in angiosperms using the polyspermic tetraspore （tes） mutant of Arabidopsis, which allows in-vivo challenge of egg and central cell with multiple male gametes. We show that tes mutant pollen tubes can transmit more than one sperm pair to an embryo sac, and that sperm from more than one pair can participate in fertilization. We detected endosperms but not embryos with ploidies that could only result from multiple fertilization. Our results therefore demonstrate an in-vivo polyspermy block on the egg, but not the central cell of a flowering plant.

关键词： Double Fertilization Arabidopsis thaliana Involves Polyspermy Block Central Cell

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Ribozymes and the mechanisms that underlie RNA catalysis

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 178-185页

作者： Timothy j. Wilson Yij.n Liu David M. j. Lilley Cancer Research UK Nucleic Acid Structure Research Group MSI/WTB Complex The University of Dundee Dundee DD1 5EH UK

Ribozymes are widespread, and catalyze some extremely important reactions in the cell. Mechanistically most fall into one of two classes, using either metal ions or general acid-base catalysis. The nucleolytic ribozymes fall into the latter class, mostly using nucleobases. A sub-set of these use a combination of guanine base plus adenine acid to catalyze the cleavage reaction. New ribozymes are still being discovered at regular intervals and we can speculate on the potential existence of ribozymes that catalyze chemistry beyond phosphoryl transfer reactions, perhaps using small-molecule coenzymes.

关键词： RNA catalysis RNA structure catalytic mechanism

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Abscisic Acid, High-Light, and Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate a Photosynthetic Gene via a Promoter Motif Not Involved in Phytochrome- Mediated Transcriptional Regulation

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Molecular Plant 2008年第1期1卷 75-83页

作者： Roberto j. Staneloni Maria j.se Rodriguez-Batiller j.rge j. Casal Fundacion Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET C1405BWE-Buenos Aires Argentina IFEVA Facultad de Agronomia Universidad de Buenos Aires and CONICET 1417 Buenos Aires Argentina

In etiolated seedlings, light perceived by phytochrome promotes the expression of light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein of photosystem Ⅱ （Lhcb） genes. However, excess of photosynthetically active radiation can reduce Lhcb expression. Here, we investigate the convergence and divergence of phytochrome, high-light stress and abscisic acid （ABA） signaling, which could connect these processes. Etiolated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings bearing an Lhcb promoter fused to a reporter were exposed to continuous far-red light to activate phytochrome and not photosynthesis, and treated with ABA. We identified a cis-acting region of the promoter required for down-regulation by ABA. This region contains a CCAC sequence recently found to be necessary for ABI4-binding to an Lhcb promoter. However, we did not find a G-box-binding core motif often associated with the ABI4-binding site in genes promoted by light and repressed by ABI4. Mutations involving this motif also impaired the responses to reduced water potential, the response to high photosynthetic light and the response to methyl viologen but not the response to low temperature or to Norflurazon. We propose a model based on current and previous findings, in which hydrogen peroxide produced in the chloroplasts under high light conditions inter- acts with the ABA signaling network to regulate Lhcb expression. Since the mutation that affects high-light and methyl viologen responses does not affect phytochrome-mediated responses, the regulation by retrograde and phytochrome signaling can finally be separated at the target promoter level.

关键词： Abscisic Acid High-Light Oxidative Stress Down-Regulate Photosynthetic Gene

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Sodium lanthanide fluoride core-shell nanocrystals： A general perspective on epitaxial shell growth

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Nano Research 2013年第8期6卷 547-561页

作者： Noah j. j. j.hnson Frank C. j. M. van Veggel Department of Chemistry University ofVictoria P.O. Box3065 Victoria British Columbia Canada V8W 3V6

Understanding the structural characteristics and growth mechanism（s） are essen-tial for generating core-shell nano-heterostructures with distinctive properties. Especially in lanthanide-based nanocrystals, rational design of the core-shell composition can be utilized to enhance/tune the optical properties of the final nanostructure, or can be used to integrate multiple functional applications （e.g., luminescent/magnetic）. In this article, we review the progress in our current understanding of the epitaxial shell growth in sodium lanthanide fluoride （NaLnF4） nanocrystals. In order to understand epitaxial shell growth the core nanocrystals have to be uniform, and to date the synthesis of high quality near uniform size/shape dispersion controlled synthesis of lanthanide-based nanocrystals has been achieved mainly with this class of nanocrystals. The progress in core-shell synthesis and the epitaxial shell growth mechanism in this class of nanocrystals （NaLnF4） are reviewed, and a general perspective is provided on the core-shell morphology based on different characterization techniques. While there has been tremendous progress in studying the impact of core-shell structures in various functional applications, this review also highlights, in our view, the still limited understanding of ways to control the core-shell morphology and it emphasizes some important, unanswered questions that remain to be addressed to maximize their performance.

关键词： upconvertingnanocrystals core-shell lanthanides epitaxy

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VARIABLE STEP-SIZE IMPLICIT-EXPLICIT LINEAR MULTISTEP METHODS FOR TIME-DEPENDENT PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

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j.urnal of Computational Mathematics 2008年第6期26卷 838-855页

作者： DongWang Steven j. Ruuth Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign B231 Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Mathematics Simon Fraser University Burnaby BC Canada V5A 1S6

Implicit-explicit （IMEX） linear multistep methods are popular techniques for solving partial differential equations （PDEs） with terms of different types. While fixed timestep versions of such schemes have been developed and studied, implicit-explicit schemes also naturally arise in general situations where the temporal smoothness of the solution changes. In this paper we consider easily implementable variable step-size implicit-explicit （VSIMEX） linear multistep methods for time-dependent PDEs. Families of order-p, pstep VSIMEX schemes are constructed and analyzed, where p ranges from 1 to 4. The corresponding schemes are simple to implement and have the property that they reduce to the classical IMEX schemes whenever constant time step-sizes are imposed. The methods are validated on the Burgers＇ equation. These results demonstrate that by varying the time step-size, VSIMEX methods can outperform their fixed time step counterparts while still maintaining good numerical behavior.

关键词： Implicit-explicit (IMEX) linear multistep methods Variable step-size Zero-stability Burgers' equation.

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Arc erosion of AgSnO_2 electrical contacts at different stages of a break operation

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Rare Metals 2010年第3期29卷 248-254页

作者： j. Swingler A. Sumption School of Engineering Sciences University of Southampton

Arc erosion studies are conducted on AgSnO2 contact materials at different stages in the break operation. A resistive load arrangement is used with up to 42 V DC at 24 A and a constant contact opening velocity. The arc current is terminated at different stages as the arc is drawn between the contacts enabling a study of the arcing phenomena up to that point. Surface profiling of the contacts is conducted to determine the extent of erosion at the different stages as the arc is drawn. Spectral analysis is also conducted on the arc and then related to the extent of erosion. The results show that particular features occur at different stages as the arc is drawn. As the arc is initially established, it goes through an ＂Arc Generation＂ regime where the arc roots are small and immobile on both the anode and the cathode. Material transfer occurs mainly from anode to cathode. The spectral analysis indicates that Sn and O species dominate the arc followed by the Ag species. As the arc is drawn further and enters the ＂Arc Degeneration＂ regime, the anode undergoes significantly larger erosion than the cathode. Also, both contacts indicate that multiple arc roots have formed, which are highly mobile in the later stages of the discharge. The spectral analysis indicates that Ag and N species are in high concentrations compared to other species. The mechanisms of erosion and deposition are discussed in relation to the species within the arc discharge. For the complete break operation, it is found that the anode undergoes maj.r erosion, and it is thought that the gaseous ions species do not dominate the arc under these conditions of short arcs and voltage 〈42 V to cause cathode erosion.

关键词： contact materials electrical contacts arc erosion 3D surface profiles spectral analysis

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