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Molecular Plant 2011年第1期4卷 144-156页

作者： Maree Brennan Philip j. harris School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand

Xyloglucans in the non-lignified primary cell walls of different species of monocotyledons have diverse struc- tures, with widely varying proportions of oligosaccharide units that contain fucosylated side chains （F side chains）. To determine whether fucosylated xyloglucans occur in all non-lignified walls in a range of monocotyledon species, we used immunofluorescence microscopy with the monoclonal antibody CCRC-M1. The epitope of this antibody, α-L-FUCp-（1 →2）- β-D-Galp, occurs in F side chains. In most non-commelinid monocotyledons, the epitope was found in all non-lignified walls. A similar distribution was found in the palm Phoenix canariensis, which is a member of the basal commelinid order Arecales. However, in the other commelinid orders Zingiberales, Commelinales, and Poales, the occurrence of the epitope was restricted, sometimes occurring in only the phloem walls, but often also in walls of other cell types including stomatal guard and subsidiary cells and raphide idioblasts. No epitope was found in the walls of the commelinids Tradescantia virginiana （Commelinaceae, Commelinales） and Zea mays （Poaceae, Poales）, but it occurred in the phloem walls of two other Poaceae species, Lolium multiflorum and L. perenne. The distribution of the epitope is discussed in relation to xyloglucan structures in the different taxa. However, the functional significance of the restricted distributions is unknown.

关键词： Commelinid monocotyledons fucosylated xyloglucans immunofluorescence microscopy monoclona antibody CCRC-M1 non-commelinid monocotyledons plant cell wall.

Xyloglucans of Monocotyledons Have Diverse Structures

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 943-965页

作者： Yves S.Y. Hsieh Philip j. harris School of Biological Sciences The University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland New Zealand

Except in the Poaceae, little is known about the structures of the xyloglucans in the primary walls of monocotyledons. Xyloglucan structures in a range of monocotyledon species were examined. Wall preparations were isolated, extracted with 6 M sodium hydroxide, and the extracts treated with a xyloglucan-specific endo-（1→4）-β-glucanase preparation. The oligosaccharides released were analyzed by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography and by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Oligosaccharide profiles of the non-commelinid monocotyledons were similar to those of most eudicotyledons, indicating the xyloglucans were fucogalactoxyloglucans, with a XXXG a core motif and the fucosylated units XXFG and XLFG. An exception was Lemna minor （Araceae）, which yielded no fucosylated oligosaccharides and had both XXXG and XXGn core motifs. Except for the Arecales （palms） and the Dasypogonaceae, which had fucogalactoxyloglucans, the xyloglucans of the commelinid monocotyledons were structurally different. The Zingiberales and Commelinales had xyloglucans with both XXGn and XXXG core motifs; small proportions of XXFG units, but no XLFG units, were present. In the Poales, the Poaceae had xyloglucans with a XXGn core motif and no fucosylated units. In the other Poales families, some had both XXXG and XXGn core motifs, others had only XXXG; XXFG units were present, but XLFG units were not.

关键词： Commelinid monocotyledons non-commelinid monocotyledons plant cell walls Poaceae xyloglucans xyloglucan-specific endo-(1→4)-β-glucanase.

From Democracy to Bureaucracy： The Baoj.a in Nationalist Thought and Practice, 1927-1949

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Frontiers of History in China 2013年第4期8卷 517-557页

作者： Lane j. harris History and Asian Studies Departments Furman University Greenville SC 29613 USA

In the 1939 New County Reforms, the Nationalist government made the baoj.a system the lowest level of self-government in the country. This decision was the result of more than ten years of discussion among Nationalist administrators and writers who were searching for a tutelary system to train the people in their political rights in preparation for constitutional rule. In the 1920s and 1930s, Nationalist writers claimed to be following Sun Zhongshan＇s （Sun Yat-sen） philosophy by reinventing the baoj.a as a form of democracy. Harkening back to a reimagined national past, they ＂discovered＂ that the imperial baoj.a was not a system of local control, but a traditional model of bureaucratically-designed local self-government. Nationalist writers dovetailed this new baoj.a with Sun Zhongshan＇s philosophy in order to rationalize its position as the foundation of the Three Principles of the People State. Once philosophically legitimized, Nationalist writers endorsed the baoj.a as a top-down bureaucratic system that would transform the political, social, and economic life of the country; it would become the core political unit of their state-making and nation-building proj.cts. In so doing, the baoj.a came to represent the Nationalists＇ deeply-held belief in the power of human agency to create state institutions capable of entirely remaking society and transforming the nation.

关键词： baoj.a self-government bureaucracy state-making nation-building,Nationalist Party Sun Zhongshan

Immuno-oncology combinations： raising the tail of the survival curve

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2016年第2期13卷 171-193页

作者： Samuel j. harris j.ssica Brown j.anita Lopez Timothy A. Yap Drug Development Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK Lung Unit Royal Marsden Hospital and The Institute of Cancer Research London SM2 5PT UK

There have been exponential gains in immuno-oncology in recent times through the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for advanced melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer,immune checkpoint inhibitors also appears to have significant antitumor activity in multiple other tumor types. An exciting component of immunotherapy is the durability of antitumor responses observed, with some patients achieving disease control for many years. Nevertheless, not all patients benefit, and efforts should thus now focus on improving the efficacy of immunotherapy through the use of combination approaches and predictive biomarkers of response and resistance. There are multiple potential rational combinations using an immunotherapy backbone, including existing treatments such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy or molecularly targeted agents, as well as other immunotherapeutics. The aim of such antitumor strategies will be to raise the tail on the survival curve by increasing the number of long term survivors, while managing any additive or synergistic toxicities that may arise with immunotherapy combinations. Rational trial designs based on a clear understanding of tumor biology and drug pharmacology remain paramount. This article reviews the biology underpinning immuno-oncology, discusses existing and novel immunotherapeutic combinations currently in development, the challenges of predictive biomarkers of response and resistance and the impact of immuno-oncology on early phase clinical trial design.

关键词： Combination drug therapy oncology clinical trials PD-1 PD-L1 CTLA4 biomarkers immunotherapy

Simultaneous Preservation of Soil Structural Properties and Phospholipid Profiles: A Comparison of Three Drying Techniques

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Pedosphere 2008年第3期18卷 284-287页

作者： L. j. DEACON D. V. GRINEV j. W. CRAWFORD j. harris K. RITZ I. M. YOUNG National Soil Resources Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK) SIMBIOS Centre University of Abertay Dundee DD1 1HG (UK) Integrated Earth Systems Science Institute Department of Natural Resources School of Applied Sciences Cranfield University Cranfield MK43 0AL (UK)

There is a need to simultaneously preserve evidence of interactions between the biological community and soil structural properties of a soil in as near an intact （natural） state as possible. Three dehydration techniques were implemented and assessed for their ability to minimise disruption of both biological and physical properties of the same arable soil sample. Dehydration techniques applied until samples were at constant weight were i） air-drying at 20℃ （AD）; ii） -80 ℃ freeze for 24 h, followed by freeze-drying （-80FD）; and iii） liquid nitrogen snap freeze, followed by freeze-drying （LNPD） and were compared to a moist control. Physical structure was determined and quantified in three dimensions using X-ray computed tomography and microbial phenotypic community composition was assessed using phospholipid fatty acid （PLPA） profiling. This study confirms that any form of dehydration, when preparing soil for simultaneous biological and physical analysis, will alter the soil physical properties, and cause some change in apparent community structure. Freeze-drying （both the LNFD and -80FD treatments） was found to minimise disruption （when compared to the moist control soil） to both the soil physical properties and the community structure and is a preferable technique to air-drying which markedly alters the size and character of the pore network, as well as the phenotypic profile. The LNFD was the preferred treatment over the -80FD treatment as samples show low variability between replicates and a fast turn-around time between samples. Therefore snap freezing in liquid nitrogen, followed by freeze drying is the most appropriate form of dehydration when two sets of data, both physical and biological, need to be preserved simultaneously from a soil core.

关键词： biological community dehydration phospholipid profile physical properties preservation

ROLE OF RESTING SYSTOLIC LOADING CONDITIONS IN DETERMINING LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTIONAL RESERVE IN CHRONIC AORTIC REGURGITATION

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1987年第7期100卷 527-534页

作者：沈卫峰龚兰生 Peter j. Fletcher Gary S. Roubin Phillip j. harris David T. Kelly Ruij.n Hospital Shanghai Second Medical University Shanghai Hallstrom Institute of Cardiology University of Sydney Sydney Australia

The relationship between systolic loading condi-tions at rest and left ventricular （LV） functional response to exercise was assessed in 31 patients with aortic regurgitation （AR） and 10 controls. The peak and end systolic wall stress determined from echocar-diography and cuff systolic pressure at rest were used as indirect measures of LV systolic loading, and compared with LV ej.ction fraction response to handgrip and bicycle exercise by radionuclide ven-trieulography. Both peak and end systolic wall stress were significantly higber in asymptomatic （164±33 and 90±25×10～3 dynes/cm2） and symptomatic （196±33 and 134±17×10～3 dynes/cm2） patients with AR than in the controls （125±22 and 61±14×10～3 dynes cm2, pj.ction fraction during handgrip （r=-0.63 and r=-0.73） and bicycle （r=0.68 and r=-0.87） *** patients with AR, resting systolic loading conditions appear to reflect LV functional reserve during exercise.

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The j.suits II: Cultures, Sciences, and the Arts, 1540–1773

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大气等离子喷涂固体氧化物燃料电池用低温阴极材料

2006年

作者： j.hn W. O'Malley Gauvin Alexander Bailey Steven j. harris T. Frank Kennedy (eds.)

ISBN: (纸本)0802038611

Recent years have seen scholars in a wide range of disciplines re-evaluate the history of the Society of j.sus. In 1997, a group of scholars convened a maj.r international conference to discuss the world of the j.suits between 1540 and 1773 (the year of its suppression by papal edict). This meeting led to the creation of the first volume in this series, The j.suits, which examined the worldwide j.suit undertaking in such fields as music, art, architecture, devotional writing, mathematics, physics, astronomy, natural history, public performance, and education, with special attention to the j.suits''interaction with non-European *** second volume, following a second conference in 2002, continues in a similar path as its predecessor, complementing the regional coverage with contributions on the Flemish and Iberian provinces, on the missions in j.pan, and in post-Suppression Russia and the United States. The performing arts, like theatre and music, are broadly treated, and, in addition to continued attention to painting and architecture, the volume contains essays on a range of obj.ts d''art, including statuary, reliquaries, and alter pieces - as well as on gardens, mechanical clocks, and related automata. Other themes include finances, natural theology, censorship within the j.suit order, and the Society''s relationship to *** most important, the volume gives particular attention to the eighteenth century, the''age of disasters''for the j.suits - the negative papal ruling on Chinese Rites, the destruction the of Paraguay Reductions, and the suppressions of the order that began in Portugal and that culminated in the general Suppression of 1773. With contributions from distinguished scholars from a dozen different countries, The j.suits, II continues in the illustrious tradition of its predecessor to make an important contribution to religious memory.

关键词： j.suits

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热喷涂技术 2010年第1期2卷 56-61页

作者： j. harris O. Kesler 张鑫（译）刘建明（校）多伦多大学多伦多安大略省加拿大不详

大气等离子喷涂由于能够快速制备具有可控微结构的功能涂层,在固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)制造中具有广阔的应用前景。该技术使得低温运行(500～700℃)的SOFCs可通过在耐用低成本金属支撑体上直接喷涂得以制备。不过,目前商业应用的SOFC... 详细信息

大气等离子喷涂由于能够快速制备具有可控微结构的功能涂层,在固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFCs)制造中具有广阔的应用前景。该技术使得低温运行(500～700℃)的SOFCs可通过在耐用低成本金属支撑体上直接喷涂得以制备。不过,目前商业应用的SOFCs所使用的标准阴极材料在较低运行温度下具有很高的极化电阻,因此,开发可替代的高性能低温阴极材料是推动金属支撑体应用的关键。在不锈钢基材上通过轴向注入大气等离子喷涂方法制备了镧锶钴铁氧化物(LSCF)涂层,并对涂层的厚度和微观结构进行了表征,同时采用X射线衍射(XRD)方法分析了等离子喷涂过程中涂层材料的分解和杂质相的产生。根据这些结果确定了能够制备LSCF涂层的等离子喷涂参数,以及可用于喷涂复合阴极涂层的条件范围。

关键词：固体氧化物燃料电池大气等离子喷涂阴极材料

Exploring the associations between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in aging adults:A systematic review with meta-analyses

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第6期13卷 820-840页

作者： Dustin j.Oranchuk Stephan G.Bodkin Katie L.Boncella Michael O.harris-Love Muscle Morphology Mechanicsand Performance LaboratoryDepartment of Physical Medicine and RehabilitationUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Physical Therapy

Background:Assessment and quantification of skeletal muscle within the aging population is vital for diagnosis,treatment,and inj.ry/disease *** clinical availability of assessing muscle quality through diagnostic ultrasound presents an opportunity to be utilized as a screening tool for function-limiting ***,relationships between muscle echogenicity and clinical functional assessments require authoritative ***,we aimed to(a) synthesize the literature to assess the relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function in older adults(≥60 years),(b) perform pooled analyses of relationships between skeletal muscle echogenicity and physical function,and(c) perform sub-analyses to determine between-muscle ***:CINAHL,Embase,MEDLINE,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were systematically searched to identify articles relating skeletal muscle echogenicity to physical function in older ***-of-bias assessments were conducted along with funnel plot ***-analyses with and without sub-analyses for individual muscles were performed utilizing Fisher's Z transformation for the most common measures of physical ***'s Z was back-transformed to Pearson's r for ***:Fifty-one articles(n=5095,female=~2759,male=~2301,72.5± 5.8 years,mean±SD(1 study did not provide sex descriptors))were extracted for review,with previously unpublished data obtained from the authors of 13 *** rectus femoris(n=34) and isometric knee extension strength(n=22) were the most accessed muscle and physical qualities,*** relationship between quadriceps echogenicity and knee extensor strength was moderate(n=2924,r=-0.36(95% confidence interval:-0.38 to-0.32),p <0.001),with all other meta-analyses(grip strength,walking speed,sit-to-stand,timed up-and-go) resulting in slightly weaker correlations(r:-0.34 to-0.23,all p <0.001).Sub-analyses determined minimal differences in predicti

关键词： Correlations Echo intensity Elderly Intramuscular fat Strength

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牧草细胞壁:瘤胃内降解(英文)

草地学报 2007年第4期15卷 386-393页

作者：孙学钊 Simone O. Hoskin Keith N. j.blin Ian G. Andrew Philip j. harris 盛亦兵新西兰农业研究院草地所兽医动物和生物医学研究所梅西大学细胞生物学研究所梅西大学生物学院奥克兰大学山东农业科学院

牧草细胞壁在瘤胃内降解主要是瘤胃微生物起作用。本综述概略地介绍了牧草细胞壁降解所涉及的以细菌为主的微生物,细胞壁多糖分解所需的酶,细胞壁降解模型以及细胞壁降解的限制因素。

关键词：牧草细胞壁瘤胃降解多糖