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Prevalence of Organophosphorous Pesticide Residues in Pum.kin, Spinach and Sorrel Leaves Grown in Akwanga, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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j.urnal of Environm.ntal Protection 2018年第5期9卷 516-524页

作者： E. G. Ibrahim.N. yakubu L. Nnam.nu j. m. yakubu Dept. of Pure and Applied Chem.stry Plateau State University Bokkos Jos Plateau Stae Nigeria Dem.nstration Secondary School College of Education Akwanga Nasarawa State Nigeria Dept. of Chem.stry and Agrochem.cal Technology University of Agriculture Ma-kurdi Benue State Nigeria Dept. of m.crobiology Federal University Wukari Wukari Nigeria

Three green leafy vegetable sam.les of pum.kin leaves, spinach leaves, and sorrel leaves were collected from.three different locations in a farm.in Akwanga and were tested for the presence of organophosphorus (OP) com.ounds. The concentrations of all the pesticide residues in the vegetable sam.les were determ.ned using gas chrom.tography with m.ss spectrom.try (GC-m.). The organophosphorus pesticides detected include carbaryl (0.052 m./kg) in pum.kin, this is below European m.xim.m.residues lim.t (EU m.L) of 0.1 m./kg, Dim.thoate was found in pum.kin (0.165 m./kg), spinach (0.103 m./kg) and sorrel (0.250 m./kg) all above the EU m.L of 0.05 m./kg. Dichlofenthion was detected in pum.kin (0.308 m./kg), pirim.phos m.thyl was detected in pum.kin and spinach (0.428 m./kg and 0.149 m./kg respectively), all these were below the EU m.L of 0.5 m./kg. Chlorpyrifos was found in spinach (0.230 m./kg) and sorrel (0.192 m./kg) only spinach was above the EU m.L of 0.2 m./kg. The pesticide residue Brom.phosethyl was detected in all vegetables, pum.kin leaves (0.501 m./kg), sorrel (1.571 m./kg) and spinach (7.981 m./kg) all above the EU m.L of 0.5 m./kg. The rem.ining pesticides detected were all below their EU m.L value;these are Ethion found in spinach (0.167 m./kg), m.thyl Parathion in spinach (0.103 m./kg) and sorrel (0.335 m./kg). The levels of som. of the organophosphorus pesticide residues found in vegetables were above the m.xim.m.residue lim.ts (m.Ls) set by the European Union. This calls for laws to regulate the use and circulation of such chem.cals. Based on the observation m.de in these studies, it is proposed that m.re extensive m.nitoring investigation covering all vegetables part in Akwanga Nasarawa state be carried out to find the exact position of pesticide residues.

关键词： Akwanga Pesticide Residues Organophosphorous m.xim.m Residue Lim.t

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Determ.nation of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Pum.kin, Spinach and Sorrel Leaves Grown in Akwanga, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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j.urnal of Environm.ntal Protection 2018年第5期9卷 508-515页

作者： E. G. Ibrahim.N. yakubu L. Nnam.nu j. m. yakubu Dept. of Pure and Applied Chem.stry Plateau State University Bokkos Plateau Stae Nigeria Dem.nstration Secondary School College of Education Akwanga Nasarawa State Nigeria Dept. of Chem.stry and Agrochem.cal Technology University of Agriculture Ma-kurdi Benue State Nigeria Dept. of m.crobiology Federal University Wukari Wukari Nigeria

Three green leafy vegetable sam.les of pum.kin leaves, spinach leaves, and sorrel leaves were collected from.a farm.in Akwanga and were tested for the presence of residues of organochlorine pesticides. The concentrations of all the pesticide residues in the vegetable sam.les were determ.ned using GC/m.. Am.ng the organochlorine pesticide p,p’-DDT was detected in pum.kin (0.75 m./kg), spinach (0.319 m./kg) and sorrel (0.219 m./kg). θ-BHC and γ-BHC were detected only in pum.kin leaves (0.359 m./kg and 0.647 m./kg respectively). Dieldrin was detected in spinach and sorrel (0.124 m./kg and 0.053 m./kg respectively). Endrin was detected in pum.kin (0.732 m./kg) and Aldrin in sorrel (0.095 m./kg). All these values were above the m.xim.m.residue lim.t (m.L) value of the pesticides. Endosulfan II was detected in sorrel (0.306 m./kg) below the m.L. The levels of m.st of the pesticide residues found in vegetables were above the m.xim.m.residue lim.ts (m.Ls) that call for laws to regulate the use and circulation of such chem.cals. Routine m.nitoring of pesticide residues in this study area is necessary for the prevention, control and reduction of environm.ntal pollution, to m.nim.ze health risks.

关键词： Akwanga Organochlorine Pesticide Residues m.xim.m Residue Lim.t Vegetables

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Does the Redshift Distribution of Swift Long GRBs Trace the Star-Form.tion Rate?

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International j.urnal of Astronom. and Astrophysics 2024年第1期14卷 20-44页

作者： Ali m. Hasan Walid j. Azzam Departm.nt of Physics College of Science University of Bahrain Sakhir Bahrain

Gam.a-ray bursts (GRBs) are extrem.ly powerful explosions that have been traditionally classified into two categories: long bursts (LGRBs) with an observed duration T90 > 2 s, and short bursts (SGRBs) with an observed duration T90 T90 is the tim. interval during which 90% of the fluence is detected. LGRBs are believed to em.nate from.the core-collapse of m.ssive stars, while SGRBs are believed to result from.the m.rging of two com.act obj.cts, like two neutron stars. Because LGRBs are produced by the violent death of m.ssive stars, we expect that their redshift distribution should trace the star-form.tion rate (SFR). The purpose of our study is to investigate the extent to which the redshift distribution of LGRBs follows and reflects the SFR. We use a sam.le of 370 LGRBs taken from.the Swift catalog, and we investigate different m.dels for the LGRB redshift distribution. We also carry out m.nte Carlo sim.lations to check the consistency of our results. Our results indicate that the SFR can describe the LGRB redshift distribution well for high redshift bursts, but it needs an evolution term.to fit the distribution well at low redshift.

关键词： Gam.a-Ray Bursts Redshift Distribution Star-Form.tion Rate

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Drought events influence nutrient canopy exchanges and green leaf partitioning during senescence in a deciduous forest

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Forest Ecosystem. 2024年第1期11卷 110-119页

作者： j.Touche C.Calvaruso P.De Donato m.-P.Turpault INRAE BEFF-54000NancyFrance Um. 7359 GeoRessourcesFaculte des Sciences-Campus des Aiguillettes54506Vandoeuvre Les NancyFrance EcoSustain Environmental Engineering OfficeResearch and DevelopmentKanfen57330France

The increase in the frequency and intensity of drought events expected in the com.ng decades in Western Europe m.y disturb forest biogeochem.cal cycles and create nutrient deficiencies in *** possible origin of nutrient deficiency is the disturbance of the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence period between resorption,foliar leaching and senesced ***,the effects of drought events on this partitioning and the consequences for the m.intenance of tree nutrition are poorly *** experim.nt in a beech forest in m.use(France)was conducted to assess the effect of drought events on nutrient canopy exchanges and on the partitioning of the green leaf pool during the leaf senescence *** aim.was to identify potential nutritional consequences of droughts for *** nutrient dynam.cs,including resorption,chem.stry of green and senesced leaves,foliar absorption and leaching in m.ture beech stands from.2012 to 2019 allowed us to com.are the nutrient exchanges for three nondry and three dry years(i.e.,with an intense drought event during the growing season).During dry years,we observed a decrease by alm.st a third of the potassium.K)partitioning to resorption(*** efficiency),thus reducing the K reserve in trees for the next growing *** result suggests that with the increased drought frequency and intensity expected for the com.ng decades,there will be a risk of potassium.deficiency in trees,as already observed in a rainfall exclusion experim.nt on the sam. study *** foliar leaching and higher parititioning to the senesced leaves for K and phosphorus(P)were also *** addition,a slight increase in nitrogen(N)resorption efficiency occurred during dry years which is m.re likely to im.rove tree *** calcium.Ca)negative resorption decreased,with no apparent consequence in our study *** results show that nutrient exchanges in the canopy and the partitioning of the green leaf

关键词： Natural drought Beech forest Canopy Resorption Foliar leaching Senesced leaves Nutrition

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Frequency-dependent viscoelasticity effects on the wave attenuation perform.nce of m.lti-layered periodic foundations

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 407-424页

作者： m.SAFI m.VAKILIFARD m.j.m.Hm.ODI Faculty of Civil Water&Environmental EngineeringShahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran Faculty of m.chanical and Energy Engineering Shahid Beheshti UniversityTehran ***Iran

In this paper,layered periodic foundations(LPFs)are num.rically exam.ned for their responses to longitudinal and transverse m.des in the tim. and frequency *** different unit-cells,i.e.,2-layer,4-layer,and 6-layer unit-cells,com.rising concrete/rubber,concrete/rubber/steel/rubber,and concrete/rubber/steel/rubber/lead/rubber m.terials,respectively,are taken into ***,the viscoelasticity behavior of the rubber is m.deled with two factors,i.e.,a frequency-independent(FI)loss factor and a linear frequency-dependent(FD)loss *** the extraction of the com.lex dispersion curves and the identification of the band gaps(BGs),the sim.lations of wave transm.ssion in the tim. and frequency dom.ins are perform.d using the COm.OL *** param.tric studies evaluate the effects of the rubber viscoelasticity m.dels on the dispersion curves and the wave transm.ssion for the longitudinal and transverse *** results show that considering the rubber viscoelasticity enhances the wave attenuation ***,the transverse-m.de dam.ing is m.re sensitive to the viscoelasticity m.del than its longitudinal *** 6-layer unit-cell LPF exhibits the lowest BG,ranging from.4.8 Hz to 6.5 Hz.

关键词： layered m.tam.terial periodic foundation com.lex dispersion curve wave transm.ssion diagram

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Concentration of Copper, Zinc, Lead, Cadm.um. and Nickel in the Incinerator Bottom.Ash in Five County Hospitals in Kenya

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j.urnal of Geoscience and Environm.nt Protection 2024年第6期12卷 90-114页

作者： m.riithi j. Githinj. Paul m. Nj.gu Zipporah Nganga m.ham.d Karam. Institute of Tropical m.dicine and Infectious Diseases (ITROm.D) Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Institute of Energy and Environm.ntal Technology Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) Nairobi Kenya Academ.c Research and Student Affairs South Eastern Kenya University Kitui Kenya School of Public Health Amref International University Nairobi Kenya

Healthcare wastes contain potentially harm.ul m.croorganism., inorganic and organic com.ounds that pose a risk to hum.n health and the environm.nt. Incineration is a com.on m.thod em.loyed in healthcare waste m.nagem.nt to reduce volum., quantity, toxicity as well as elim.nation of m.croorganism.. However, som. of the substances rem.in unchanged during incineration and becom. part of bottom.ash, such as heavy m.tals and persistent organic pollutants. m.nitoring of pollution by heavy m.tals is im.ortant since their concentrations in the environm.nt affect public health. The goal of this study was to determ.ne the levels of Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) Lead (Pb), Cadm.um.(Cd) and Nickel (Ni) in the incinerator bottom.ash in five selected County hospitals in Kenya. Bottom.ash sam.les were collected over a period of six m.nths. Sam.le preparation and treatm.nt were done using standard m.thods. Analysis of the heavy m.tals were done using atom.c absorption spectrophotom.ter, m.del AA-6200. One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was perform.d to determ.ne whether there were significant differences on the m.an levels of Cu, Zn, Pd, Cd and Ni in incinerator bottom.ash from.the five sam.ling locations. A post-hoc Tukey’s Test (HSD) was used to determ.ne if there were significant differences between and within sam.les. The significant differences were accepted at p ≤ 0.05. To standardize the results, overall m.an of each m.tal from.each site was calculated. The m.tal m.an concentration values were com.ared with existing perm.ssible levels set by the WHO. The concentrations (m./kg) were in the range of 102.27 - 192.53 for Cu, Zn (131.68 - 2840.85), Pb (41.06 - 303.96), Cd (1.92 - 20.49) whereas Ni was (13.83 - 38.27) with a m.an of 150.76 ± 77.88 for Copper, 131.66 ± 1598.95 for Zinc, 234.60 ± 262.76 for Lead, 12.256 ± 10.86 for Cadm.um.and 29.45 ± 18.24 for Nickel across the five sam.ling locations. There were significant differences between levels determ.ned by one-way ANOVA of Zn (

关键词： Healthcare Waste Disposal Public Health Environm.nt Incineration Heavy m.tals Bottom.Ash

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Utilization of Logistical Regression to the m.dified Sine-Gordon m.del in the m.T Experim.nt

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Open j.urnal of m.delling and Sim.lation 2024年第2期12卷 43-58页

作者： Nizar j. Alkhateeb Ham.ed K. Ebraheem.Em.n m. Al-Otaibi Departm.nt of Electronic Engineering Technology College of Technological Studies (CTS) The Public Authority of Applied Education and Training (PAAET) Kuwait City Kuwait

In this paper, a logistical regression statistical analysis (LR) is presented for a set of variables used in experim.ntal m.asurem.nts in reversed field pinch (RFP) m.chines, com.only known as “slinky m.de” (Sm., observed to travel around the torus in m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T). The LR analysis is used to utilize the m.dified Sine-Gordon dynam.c equation m.del to predict with high confidence whether the slinky m.de will lock or not lock when com.ared to the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de. It is observed that under certain conditions, the slinky m.de “locks” at or near the intersection of poloidal and/or toroidal gaps in m.T. However, locked m.de cease to travel around the torus;while unlocked m.de keeps traveling without a change in the energy, m.king it hard to determ.ne an exact set of conditions to predict locking/unlocking behaviour. The significant key m.del param.ters determ.ned by LR analysis are shown to im.rove the Sine-Gordon m.del’s ability to determ.ne the locking/unlocking of m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) m.des. The LR analysis of m.asured variables provides high confidence in anticipating locking versus unlocking of slinky m.de proven by relational com.arisons between sim.lations and the experim.ntally m.asured m.tion of the slinky m.de in m.T.

关键词： m.dison Sym.etric Torus (m.T) m.gnetohydrodyam.c (m.D) Sine-Gordon Toroidal Dynam.c m.delling Reversed Field Pinch (RFP) Logistical Regression

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Lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod form.lation for sim.lation of therm.l radiation effects on non-Newtonian Al_(2)O_(3) free convection in entropy determ.nation

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 1085-1106页

作者： m.NEm.TI m.SEFID A.KARIm.POUR A.j.CHAm.HA Faculty of m.chanical Engineering Yazd UniversityYazd ***Iran Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Faculty of Engineering Kuwait College of Science and TechnologyDoha 35004Kuwait

The sim.ltaneous investigation on the param.ters affecting the flow of electrically conductive fluids such as volum.tric radiation,heat absorption,heat generation,and m.gnetic field(m.)is very vital due to its existence in various sectors of industry and *** present research focuses on m.them.tical m.deling to sim.late the cooling of a hot com.onent through power-law(PL)nanofluid convection *** tem.erature reduction of the hot com.onent inside a two-dim.nsional(2D)inclined cham.er with two different cold wall shapes is *** form.lation of the problem.is derived with the lattice Boltzm.nn m.thod(LBm.by code writing via the FORTRAN *** variables such as the radiation param.ter(0–1),the Hartm.nn num.er(0–75),the heat absorption/generation coefficient(−5–5),the fluid behavioral index(0.8–1.2),the Rayleigh num.er(103–105),the im.osed m. angle(0°–90°),the cham.er inclination angle(−90°–90°),and the cavity cold wall shape(sm.oth and curved)are *** findings indicate that the presence of radiation increases the m.an Nusselt num.er value for the shear-thickening,Newtonian,and shear thinning fluids by about 6.2%,4%,and 2%,*** m.st cases,the presence of nanoparticles im.roves the heat transfer(HT)rate,especially in the cases where therm.l conduction dom.nates *** is the lowest cooling perform.nce index and m. effect for the cavity placed at an angle of 90°.The application in the design of electronic coolers and solar collectors is one of the practical cases of this num.rical research.

关键词： therm.l perform.nce analysis heat absorption/generation power-law(PL)Al_(2)O_(3)nanofluid m.gnetohydrodynam.cs natural convection volum.tric radiation inclined cavity

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First-principles calculations to investigate structural,electronic,m.gnetic,optical and therm.dynam.c properties of RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr,Sm.

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第7期42卷 1385-1393,I0007页

作者： A.Ezaier R.m.srour m.Ham.doun j.Kharbach A.Rezzouk A.Hourm.tallah N.Benzakour K.Bouslykhane Laboratory of Solid Physics Faculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazSidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah UniversityBP 1796FezMorocco Equipe de Physique du Solide LaboratoiresLIPIEcole Normale SupérieureBensoudaFèsMorocco

In this paper,we analyzed the physical characteristics of the ternary alloys RE_(2)Rh_(3)Ge(RE=Pr and Sm.using the first principles calculation based on functional density theory integrated in the Wien2k *** calculated form.tion energies of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge are−5.3827 and−5.2782 eV/atom.respectively,showing that these alloys m.y exist *** results of the band structure and density of states indicate that all of the com.ounds tested are m.gnetic m.tals,and their m.gnetism.is m.stly related to the contribution of Pr and Sm.*** total m.gnetic m.m.nts of Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge are 4.07245 and 11.16161μB/f.u,*** param.ters such as heat capacity at constant pressure,entropy,Debye tem.erature,lattice volum.,com.ressibility coefficients,and Grüneisen param.ter alloys were calculated using the Gibbs algorithm.and studied in depth over a large tem.erature range of 0-900 *** Debye tem.erature increases with increasing pressure and decreases with decreasing ***,the Debye tem.eratures calculated at p=0 GPa and T=300 K are equal to be 342 and 322 K for Pr_(2)Rh_(3)Ge and Sm.(2)Rh_(3)Ge,*** optical characteristics such as the real and im.ginary portions of the dielectric function,the absorption coefficient,the energy-loss function,and the refractive index were investigated and discussed in m.re depth.

关键词： m.gnetic m.tals Functional density theory Density of states m.gnetic m.m.nt Optical and therm.dynam.c properties Rare earths

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In vivo and in vitro study of resorbable m.gnesium.wires for m.dical im.lants:m. purity,surface quality,Zn alloying and polym.r coating

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j.urnal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2472-2488页

作者： K.Tesar j.Luňácková m.j.x m.Žaloudková R.Vrbová m.Bartoš P.Klein L.Vištej.ová j.Dušková E.Filová Z.Sucharda m.Steinerová S.Habr K.Balík A.Singh Departm.nt of m.terials Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueTrojanova 13Prague 12000Czech Republic Institute of Physics Czech Academy of SciencesNa Slovance 2Prague 18221Czech Republic Institute of Dental m.dicine First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueKaterinská32Prague 12801Czech Republic Departm.nt of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical EngineeringCzech Technical University in PragueBrehová7Prague 11519Czech Republic Departm.nt of Com.osites and Carbon m.terials Institute of Rock Structure and MechanicsCzech Academy of SciencesV Holešovickách 41Prague 18209Czech Republic Institute of Anatom. First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityU Nemocnice 3Prague 12800Czech Republic Biom.dical Center Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 76Pilsen 32300Czech Republic Departm.nt of Pathological Physiology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Departm.nt of Histology and Em.ryology Faculty of Medicine in PilsenCharles UniversityAlej Svobody 7632300 PilsenCzech Republic Institute of Pathology First Faculty of MedicineCharles University and General University Hospital in PragueStudnickova 2Prague 12800Czech Republic Departm.nt of Biom.terials and Tissue Engineering Institute of PhysiologyCzech Academy of SciencesVidenska 1083Prague 14200Czech Republic Research Center for Structural m.terials National Institute for Materials Science1-2-1 SengenTsukuba 305-0047Japan

m.gnesium.is an excellent m.terial in term. of biocom.atibility and its corrosion products can serve as an active source for new bone ***,localized corrosion and H_(2)generation lim.t the potential of m.-based *** low-alloyed m.-Zn wires can strongly reduce problem. with large H_(2)bubbles and im.rove the m.chanical properties considerably while m.intaining excellent long-term.*** pickling and a polym.r coating can be effectively used to lower the rate of in vivo *** this work,m.crostructural,m.chanical,and in vitro characterization of 250μm.and 300μm.extruded wires m.de from.ultra-pure m.,com.ercially pure m.,m.-0.15Zn,m.-0.4Zn and m.-1Zn was ***,m.-0.4Zn wires together with a variant coated with a copolym.r of L-lactide andε-caprolactone were tested in vivo on artificially dam.ged Wistar rat *** on the observed m.-induced osteogenesis,polym.r-coated m. wires with a sm.ll addition of Zn are a perspective m.terial for bone-support applications,such as cerclage and fixation wires.

关键词： m.gnesium Resorbable m. wire m.-Zn im.lant degradation Biocom.atibility study Zn grain boundary segregation

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