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Integrative Zoology 2009年第1期4卷 33-42页

作者： joseph A.SISNEROS Department of Psychology the Department of Biology and the Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research CenterUniversity of WashingtonSeattleUSA

The plainfin midshipman fish(Porichthys notatus Girard,1854)is a vocal species of batrachoidid fish that gen-erates acoustic signals for intraspecific communication during social and reproductive activity and has become a good model for investigating the neural and endocrine mechanisms of vocal-acoustic ***-tively active female plainfin midshipman fish use their auditory sense to detect and locate“singing”males,which produce a multiharmonic advertisement call to attract females for *** seasonal onset of male adver-tisement calling in the midshipman fish coincides with an increase in the range of frequency sensitivity of the female’s inner ear saccule,the main organ of hearing,thus leading to enhanced encoding of the dominant frequency components of male advertisement ***-reproductive females treated with either testosterone or 17β-estradiol exhibit a dramatic increase in the inner ear’s frequency sensitivity that mimics the reproductive fe-male’s auditory phenotype and leads to an increased detection of the male’s advertisement *** novel form of auditory plasticity provides an adaptable mechanism that enhances coupling between sender and receiver in vocal *** review focuses on recent evidence for seasonal reproductive-state and steroid-dependent plasticity of auditory frequency sensitivity in the peripheral auditory system of the midshipman *** potential steroid-dependent mechanism(s)that lead to this novel form of auditory and behavioral plasticity are also dis-cussed.

关键词： auditory plasticity hair cells saccule sex steroids tuning.

Pyramid-Textured Antireflective Silicon Surface In Graphene Oxide/Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube–Silicon Heteroj.nction Solar Cells

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2018年第4期1卷 232-240页

作者： LePing Yu Munkhbayar Batmunkh Mahnaz Dadkhah Cameron j.Shearer joseph G.Shapter Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSA 5042Australia School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShanghai University of Engineering ScienceShanghai201620PR China Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSA 5042Australia Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of QueenslandSt.Lucia Qld 4072Australia Department of Chemistry The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia

Antireflection layers are commonly used in photovoltaics to increase light absorption and therefore increase maximum ***,pyramid structures are created on Si surfaces with alkaline solution *** extent of pyramid cover... 详细信息

关键词： antireflection treatment carbon nanotubes solar cells

ER stress-induced aggresome trafficking of HtrA1 protects against proteotoxicity

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j.urnal of Molecular Cell Biology 2017年第6期9卷 516-532页

作者： Maximilian j. Gerhardt joseph A. Marsh Margaux Morrison Andrius Kazlauskas Arogya Khadka Stephan Rosenkranz Margaret M. DeAngelis Magali Saint-Geniez Sarah Melissa P. j.cobo Department of Ophthalmology Harvard Medical School The Schepens Eye Research Institute and Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary Boston MA 02114 USA Department III of Internal Medicine Cologne University Heart Center Center for Molecular Medicine University of Cologne 50931 Cologne Germany MRC Human Genetics Unit Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine University of Edinburgh Edinburgh EH4 2XU UK Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Utah and John A. Moran Eye Center Salt Lake City UT 84132 USA

High temperature requirement A1 （HtrA1） belongs to an ancient protein family that is linked to various human disorders. The pre- cise role of exon 1-encoded N-terminal domains and how these influence the biological functions of human HtrAZ remain elusive. In this study, we traced the evolutionary origins of these N-terminal domains to a single gene fusion event in the most recent common ancestor of vertebrates. We hypothesized that human HtrA1 is impticated in unfotded protein response. ｜n highly secre- tory cells of the retinal pigmented epithelia, endoplasmic reticulum （ER） stress upregulated HtrA1. HtrA1 co-localized with vimen- tin intermediate filaments in highly arborized fashion. Upon ER stress, HtrA1 tracked along intermediate filaments, which collapsed and bundled in an aggresome at the microtubule organizing center. Gene silencing of HtrA1 altered the schedule and amplitude of adaptive signaling and concomitantly resulted in apoptosis. Restoration of wild-type HtrA1, but not its protease inactive mutant, was necessary and sufficient to protect from apoptosis. A variant of HtrA1 that harbored exon 1 substitutions dis- played reduced efficacy in rescuing cells from proteotoxicity. Our results illuminate the integration of HtrA1 in the toolkit of mam- malian cells against protein misfolding and the implications of defects in HtrA1 in proteostasis.

关键词： ER stress unfolded protein response RPE HtrA1 multi-domain protein evolution proteostasis

Excised Leaf Bioassay: Phenotypic Expression of Natural Resistance in Apple against the Obliquebanded Leafroller

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Advances in Entomology 2017年第1期5卷 1-25页

作者： joseph j. Schwarz j.y F. Brunner Department of Entomology Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center Wenatchee USA

Different approaches were assessed in the development of a bioassay method that would provide data necessary to evaluate resistance of apple genotypes to the obliquebanded leafroller (OBLR) Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). A leaf disc method used to evaluate the impact of pesticides on leafrollers resulted in high levels of leaf-abandonment of first and second instar larvae. Inserting leaf petioles into water soaked Oasis foam resulted in a significant reduction in overall leaf weight and diminished the appearance of leaf quality. When leaf petioles were inserted into water-filled Eppendorf vials, leaf weight increased and overall leaf quality appeared to be good. We opted to adopt this latter whole-leaf bioassay method, which though very time consuming, provided a robust assessment of OBLR life history parameters against different apple genotypes. Across all apple genotypes evaluated, male larvae developed faster than females to pupation as well as to adulthood, while females developed faster as pupae and were heavier than male pupae. OBLR larvae reared on leaves from different apple genotypes displayed significant variability in development time, pupal weight, larval survivorship, and number of offspring produced. We utilized three indices to characterize host acceptance, sub-lethal effects, and lethal effects of OBLR to apple genotypes. Our results indicated that ‘Lady’, ‘Viking’, and ‘Northern Spy’ show some of the highest levels of resistance against OBLR, while ‘Granny Smith’ was quite susceptible to OBLR and could be used in future studies identifying apple genotypes with relative resistance to OBLR.

关键词： Choristoneura rosaceana Malus Genotype Lethal Effects Sub-Lethal Effects

Elevated airborne beta levels in Pacific/West Coast US States and trends in hypothyroidism among newborns after the Fukushima nuclear meltdown

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Open j.urnal of Pediatrics 2013年第1期3卷 1-9页

作者： joseph j. Mangano j.nette D. Sherman Radiation and Public Health Proj.ct New York USA

Various reports indicate that the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism is increasing in developed nations, and that improved detection and more inclusive criteria for the disease do not explain this trend entirely. One risk factor documented in numerous studies is exposure to radioactive iodine found in nuclear weapons test fallout and nuclear reactor emissions. Large amounts of fallout disseminated worldwide from the meltdowns in four reactors at the Fukushima-Dai-ichi plant in j.pan beginning March 11, 2011 included radioiodine isotopes. j.st days after the meltdowns, I-131 concentrations in US precipitation was measured up to 211 times above normal. Highest levels of I-131 and airborne gross beta were documented in the five US States on the Pacific Ocean. The number of congenital hypothyroid cases in these five states from March 17-December 31, 2011 was 16% greater than for the same period in 2010, compared to a 3% decline in 36 other US States

关键词： Congenital Hypothyroidism Fukushima-Dai-Ichi Iodine Nuclear

Accelerating the Implementation of the Incheon Strategy to Make the Right Real for Persons with Disabilities

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中国康复医学杂志 2013年第6期28卷 502-506页

作者： joseph Kwok joseph Kwok is Chairman of the World Social Commission of Rehabilitation International and a UN ESCAP "Promoter" of the "Mark the Right Real for Persons with Disabilities in the Asia and Pacific Region".

The Background of the Asian and Pacific Decade of Persons with Disabilities The Asia and Pacific Region Asia and Pacific is a vast region. It has about 60% of the world population. In Asia, you can find some of the ol... 详细信息

关键词：亚洲宗教发展现状文化差异

Large-diameter trees, snags, and deadwood in southern Utah, USA

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 130-141页

作者： j.mes A.Lutz Soren Struckman Tucker j.Furniss joseph D.Birch Larissa *** Darren j.McAvoy Department of Wildland Resources S.J.and Jessie E.Quinney College of Natural ResourcesUtah State University5230 Old Main HillLoganUT 84322-5230USA. Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada.

Background:The epidemic Dendroctonus rufipennis(spruce beetle)outbreak in the subalpine forests of the Colorado Plateau in the 1990s killed most larger Picea engelmannii(Engelmann spruce)*** quarter century later,the larger snags are beginning to fall,transitioning to deadwood(down woody debris)where they may influence fire behavior,regeneration,and habitat ***:We tracked all fallen trees≥1 cm in diameter at breast height(1.37-m high)and mapped all pieces of deadwood≥10-cm diameter and≥1 m in length within 13.64 ha of a high-elevation mixed-species forest in the Picea–Abies zone annually for 5 years from 2015 through *** examined the relative contribution of Picea engelmannii to snag and deadwood pools relative to other species and the relative contributions of large-diameter trees(≥33.2 cm at this subalpine site).We compared spatially explicit mapping of deadwood to traditional measures of surface fuels and introduce a new method for approximating vertical distribution of ***:In this mixed-species forest,there was relatively high density and basal area of live Picea engelmannii 20 years after the beetle outbreak(36 trees ha^(−1) and 1.94 m^(2) ha^(−1)≥10-cm diameter)contrasting with the near total mortality of mature Picea in forests *** from tree boles≥10-cm diameter on the ground had biomass of 42 Mg ha^(−1),7 Mg ha^(−1) of Picea engelmannii,and 35 Mg ha^(−1) of other *** live aboveground biomass was 119 Mg ha^(−1),while snag biomass was 36 Mg ha^(−1).Mean total fuel loading measured with planar transects was 63 Mg ha^(−1) but varied more than three orders of magnitude(0.1 to 257 Mg ha^(−1)).Planar transects recorded 32 Mg ha^(−1) of wood≥7.62-cm diameter compared to the 42 Mg ha^(−1) of wood≥10-cm diameter recorded by explicit *** pieces of deadwood were often stacked,forming a vertical structure likely to contribute to active fire ***:Bark beetle mortality in the 1990s has made

关键词： Cedar Breaks National Monument Dendroctonus rufipennis Utah Forest Dynamics Plot Vertical fuel structure

Luminescence and low temperature trap centers in mixed rare earth borate crystal

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2018年第10期36卷 1024-1029页

作者： D.joseph Danie Indra Raj.Panday H.j.Kim Sunghwan Kim U.Fawad Department of Physics Kyungpook National University Department of Radiological Science Cheongju University Department of Physics Kohat University of Science and Technology

The single crystal of this compound has been grown from melt by using a conventional Czochralski technique. The temperature dependent luminescence spectra were measured using a 265 nm laser as an exciting source in the range of 10-300 K. The scintillation decay time profile was measured and found to have three components. The influence of the trap centers on the luminescence properties was studied by means of thermoluminescence（TL） glow peak analysis. Low temperature TL glow peaks were measured in the temperature range of 10-300 K at the heating rate of 0.1 K/s for X-ray irradiated sample. The TL glow peak consists of two dominant peaks at 88 and 109 K. Several glow peaks with a complex nature causes the decrease in the light yield at temperatures below 250 K, and along with long scintillation decay components were observed. The trap parameters such as activation energy（E）, frequency factor（s）and order of kinetics（b） were calculated using various standard methods such as peak shape（PS）,variable heating rate（VHR）, initial rise（IR） and computerized glow curve deconvolution（CGCD）.

关键词： Rare earth Decay time Thermoluminescence Kinetic parameters

A statistical study of the interdependence of solar wind parameters

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Chinese j.urnal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第4期9卷 485-493页

作者： Shollykutty j.hn P. j. Kurian Department of Physics St Joseph’s CollegeAlappuzha.Kerala-688012 India Physics Research Centre St.Berchmans’ CollegeChanganacherry Kerala-686101 India

Correlation analysis of solar wind parameters, namely solar wind velocity, proton density, proton temperature and mean interplanetary magnetic field （IMF） from the ACE spacecraft data near Earth, was done. To our best knowledge, this study is a novel one since we consider here only the parameters inside the solar wind, including the mean IMF and, hence, the solar wind is a self consistent system. We have proposed a Multiple Linear Regression （MLR） model for the prediction of the response variable （solar wind velocity） using the parameters proton density, proton temperature and mean IMF measured as daily averages. About 60% of the observed value can be predicted using this model. It is shown that, in general, the correlation between solar wind parameters is significant. A deviation from the prediction at the solar maximum is interpreted. These results are verified by a graphical method.

关键词： solar wind-statistical model-correlation-solar wind parameters

Enhancing the dissolution of phenylbutazone using Syloid based mesoporous silicas for oral equine applications

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j.urnal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第3期8卷 181-186页

作者： Laura j. Waters j.hn P. Hanrahan joseph M. Tobin Catherine V. Finch Gareth M.B. Parkes Shamsuddeen A. Ahmad Faraj.Mohammad Maria Saleem School of Applied Sciences University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield HD1 3DH UK Glantreo Ltd ERI Building Lee Road Cork City T23 XE1O Ireland

Three mesoporous silica excipients （Syloid~ silicas AL-1 FR XDP 3050 and XDP 3150） were formulated with a model drug known for its poor aqueous solubility, namely phenylbutazone, in an attempt to enhance the extent and rate of drug dissolution. Although other forms of mesoporous silica have been investigated in previous studies, the effect of inclusion with these specific Syloid silica based excipients and more interestingly, with phenylbutazone, is unknown. This work reports a significant enhancement for both the extent and rate of drug release for all three forms of Syloid silica at a 1：1 drug：silica ratio over a period of 30 min. An explanation for this increase was determined to be conversion to the amorphous form and an enhanced drug loading ability within the pores. Differences between the release profiles of the three silicas were concluded to be a consequence of the physicochemical differences between the three forms. Overall, this study confirms that Syloid silica based excipients can be used to enhance dissolution, and potentially therefore bioavailability, for compounds with poor aqueous solubility such as phenylbutazone. In addition, it has been confirmed that drug release can be carefully tailored based on the choice of Syloid~ silica and desired release profile.

关键词： Dissolution Syloid silicas Drug-loading Phenylbutazone Solubility