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Comprehensive Flow Cytometry Analysis of PEI-Based Transfections for Virus-Like Particle Production

Research 2020年第1期2020卷 50-59页

作者： Daniel j.Blackstock Alvenne Goh Shamitha Shetty Giulia Fabozzi Rong Yang Vera BIvleva Richard Schwartz joseph Horwitz Vaccine Production Program Lab Vaccine Research CenterNIAIDNIHGaithersburgMDUSA

The generation of stable clones for biomolecule production is a common but lengthy and labor-intensive *** complex molecules,such as viruses or virus-like particles(VLPs),the timeline becomes even more ***,in the early stages of development,transient production methods serve as a reasonable alternative to stable clone *** this work,an investigation of a polyethylenimine-(PEI-)based transfection method for the transient production of Chikungunya(Chik)VLPs,a vaccine candidate molecule,was *** effort focuses on tracking cell population responses during transfection,understanding how process changes affect these responses,and monitoring patterns in cell performance over the culture *** labeling and VLP staining were employed to comprehensively track cells via flow cytometry and to draw correlations between plasmid DNA(pDNA)uptake and the resulting VLP *** method detected high transfection efficiency(≥97%)in all samples tested and demonstrated the capability to track kinetics of plasmid-cell *** varied transfection cell concentrations,the pDNA binding kinetics are altered and saturation binding is observed in the lowest cell concentration sample tested in less than 3 hours of ***,in all samples,the flow cytometry analysis of relative pDNA amount versus VLP expression staining showed that cells which contained fewer pDNA complexes resulted in the highest levels of VLP ***,to determine the potential breadth of our observations,we compared daily expression patterns of ChikVLP with a reporter,monomeric GFP *** similarities detected suggest the interpretations presented here to likely be more broadly informative and applicable to PEI-based transient production of additional biological products as well.

关键词： transient kinetics likely

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Nanoscopic imaging of oxidized graphene monolayer using tip-enhanced Raman scattering.

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Nano Research 2018年第12期11卷 6346-6359页

作者： joseph M.Smolsky Alexey V.Krasnoslobodtsev Department of Physics University of Nebraska at Omaha6001Dodge StreetOmaha NE 68182USA

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) can be used for the structural and chemical characterization of materials with a nanoscale resolution, and offers numerous advantages compared to other forms of imaging. We use TERS to track the local structural features of a CVD-grown graphene monolayer. Ag nanoparticles were added to AFM probes using ion-beam sputtering in order to make them TERS-active. Such modification provides probes with large factors of enhancement and good reproducibility. TERS measurements on graphene show an emergence of a defect-induced D-Raman band and a strain-induced shoulder of the graphene’s G-band. Comparison of TERS results with micro-Raman for oxidized graphene suggests that local oxidation occurs with the introduction of sp3 defects, under TERS conditions.

关键词： graphene Raman spectroscopy tip-enhanced Raman scattering graphene oxidation

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Prolapse Incidence in Swine Breeding Herds Is a Cause for Concern

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Open j.urnal of Veterinary Medicine 2017年第8期7卷 85-97页

作者： China Supakorn joseph D. Stock Chris Hostetler Kenneth j. Stalder Department of Animal Science Iowa State University Ames IA USA National Pork Board Des Moines IA USA

Beginning in the fall of 2014 there has been a general and widespread increase in the incidence of prolapse in the U.S. swine herd. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the incidence, causative factors and treatment of rectal, vaginal, uterine and preputial prolapses. Rectal and vaginal prolapses are most common in swine when compared to other prolapse types. The cause of prolapses supports a fixation mechanism failure overcome by pressure on or weakening of support tissue. The fundamental factors affecting the incidence for prolapses are many and include factors related to nutrition, physiology, hormones, genetics, environment and other disease factors such as chronic diarrhea, cough, and dystocia. Treatment of prolapsed swine includes surgical and therapeutic management that can lead to complete recovery. However, in most cases, euthanasia is the final result. Economic loss was calculated at approximately $5220 dollars/year/1000 sows.

关键词： Prolapse Breeding Herds and Sow

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Does Ethanol Play a Pro-Oxidant Role during Oxidative Stress in the Liver?

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j.urnal of Biosciences and Medicines 2015年第8期3卷 1-9页

作者： Patience O. Obih joseph S. Soblosky Barry j. Potter College of Pharmacy Xavier University of Louisiana New Orleans USA The Alcohol Research Center LSU Health New Orleans USA The Department of Physiology at LSU Health New Orleans USA

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of liver inj.ry during xenobiotic and alcohol metabolism, ischemia/reperfusion inj.ry. In this study we examined if ethanol acted as a pro-oxidant making cells become more sensitive to tert-butylhydroperoxide (tBH) killing. Cell viability was determined in a rat hepatoma cell line (FTO2B) and rat primary hepatocytes in culture in the presence or absence of ethanol pretreatment. To elucidate the contribution of labile iron, deferoxamine (DF, an iron chelator) or lipid free radicals, N,N-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD, a lipid scavenger) were added to the ethanol tBH co-treatment. The levels of glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) in the hepatocytes were also measured. Ethanol treatment (both pretreatment and co-treatment during the 3-hr tBH exposure) increased cell killing dramatically in both FTO2B cells and primary rat hepatocytes. Both DF and DPPD decreased ethanol-enhanced tBH cell killing in hepatocytes. These results demonstrated that co-treatment of FTO2B cells and primary rat hepatocytes with ethanol and tBH increased cell killing. The GSH level was dramatically reduced while GSSG level rose. Both DFP and DPPD reversed or protected the cells from this insult, indicating that ethanol was a pro-oxidant.

关键词： Ethanol Liver Hepatocytes FTO2B Cells t-Butyl Hydroperoxide

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Lessons Learned from Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Systems in the United States

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j.urnal of Water Resource and Protection 2014年第17期6卷 1603-1629页

作者： Frederick Bloetscher Chi Ho Sham joseph j. Danko III Samuel Ratick Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton USA The Cadmus Group Inc. Waltham USA University of Connecticut Mansfield USA Clark University Worcester USA

This paper is the result of a survey and analyses of available data from 204 Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) sites in the United States. This ASR site survey included all active and inactive sites and collected both operational and construction details. The inactive sites are of particular interest here because these are the proj.cts from which valuable lessons can often be learned. The intent of this paper is to examine the reasons for those proj.cts that are terminated. Statistical analyses indicated that there were factors associated with terminated ASR proj.cts: general geographic location (e.g., region), operational issue, storage cycle, casing material, and inj.ction formation. The inj.ction formation involves local geology and aquifer characteristics (i.e., whether the aquifer is leaky and/or unconfined, and if water can be displaced to surface water bodies or adj.cent aquifers). Operational problems associated with inactive proj.cts include well clogging, metals mobilization, a low percentage of recovery for inj.cted water, and disinfection byproducts in the recovered water.

关键词： Aquifer Storage and Recovery Inactive Clogging Recovery

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Flaming Dormant Alfalfa for Pest Control

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American j.urnal of Plant Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 915-923页

作者： joseph L. Moyer R. j. Whitworth H. Davis Department of Entomology Kansas State Univer-sity Manhattan USA Southeast Agricultural Research Center Kansas State University Parsons USA

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa Leyss) is an important forage crop whose production is hampered by pests, including the alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica Gyllenhal) which is a maj.r problem in many areas. Flaming during dormancy could be an alternative control measure. Late fall and early spring flaming at three intensities were compared with pesticide and no treatment for their effects on alfalfa weevil damage and weed density. In four site-years, flaming at high intensity generally reduced weevil damage to alfalfa. When winter annual broadleaf weeds were prevalent, flaming decreased their density. When fall and spring flaming effects were different, spring flaming gave better results.

关键词： Weevil Hypera Weed Control Burning

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Surgery in the age of biologics

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Gastroenterology Report 2019年第2期7卷 77-90,I0001页

作者： Daniel j.Wong Eve M.Roth joseph D.Feuerstein Vitaliy Y.Poylin Department of Surgery Division of Colon&Rectum SurgeryBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA

Since the introduction of the first anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies in the late 1990s,biologic therapy has revolutionized the medical treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Nevertheless,surgery continues to play a significant role in treating IBD *** of intestinal resection in patients with Crohn’s disease or colectomy in ulcerative colitis are reducing but not substantially over the long *** increasing variety of biologic medications are now available to treat IBD patients in various clinical ***,a number of questions persist about how biologic medications affect the need for surgery and overall course in IBD *** the trend for earlier and more frequent use of biologic medications in IBD patients,a working knowledge of the effects of these medications on surgical decision-making and outcomes is essential for the practicing colorectal surgeon and *** review seeks to summarize the relevant literature surrounding biologic use and IBD surgery with a focus on the effect of biologics on the frequency,type and complications of surgery in this‘age of biologics’.

关键词： Biologics inflammatory bowel disease surgery review

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Application of Different Models for the Prediction of the Kinetics of Direct Reduction of Natural Iron Ores

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Geomaterials 2017年第4期7卷 117-131页

作者： Abraham j. B. Muwanguzi Aliaksandr Alevanau joseph K. Byaruhanga Department of Material Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm Sweden Department of Mechanical Engineering School of Engineering College of Engineering Design Art and Technology Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Simulation of the direct reduction conditions was performed in a laboratory furnace. Lump samples from natural hematite iron ore were reduced by a gas mixture of H2 and CO (H2/CO =1.5) at temperatures of 700°C, 800°C and 900°C. The effect of reduction temperature on the reduction degree, reduction rate of samples and carbon deposition were investigated and discussed in this study. The thermo-gravimetric data obtained from the reduction experiments was run in a programme that calculates the solid conversion rate. Also, three models: 1) Grain Model (GM), 2) Volumetric Model (VM), and 3) the Random Pore Model (RPM), were used to estimate the reduction kinetics of natural iron ores. It was found that the RPM model result agreed best with the obtained experimental results. Furthermore, it gave better predictions of the natural iron oxide conversion and thereby the reduction kinetics.

关键词： Iron Ore Reduction Kinetics Solid Conversion Reduction Rate DR Estimation Models

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Management of borderline and locally advanced pancreatic cancer:Where do we stand?

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2255-2266页

作者： j.n He Andrew j.Page Matthew Weiss Christopher L Wolfgang joseph M Herman Timothy M Pawlik Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States Department of Radiation Oncology Johns Hopkins Hospital Baltimore MD 21287 United States

Many patients with pancreas cancer present with locally advanced pancreatic cancer(LAPC).The principle tools used for diagnosis and staging of LAPC include endoscopic ultrasound,axial imaging with computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and diagnostic *** definition of resectability has historically been vague,as there is considerable debate and controversy as to the definition of *** the patient with LAPC,there is some level of involvement of the surrounding vascular structures,which include the superior mesenteric artery,celiac axis,hepatic artery,superior mesenteric vein,or portal *** feasible,most surgeons would recommend possible surgical resection for patients with borderline LAPC,with the goal of an R0 *** initially unresectable LAPC,neoadj.vant should be strongly ***,these patients should be offered neoadj.vant therapy,and the tumor should be assessed for possible response and eventual *** efficacy of neoadj.vant therapy with this approach as a bridge to potential curative resection is broad,ranging from 3%-79%.The different modalities of neoadj.vant therapy include sin-gle or multi-agent chemotherapy combined with radiation,chemotherapy alone,and chemotherapy followed by chemotherapy with *** review focuses on patients with LAPC and addresses recent advances and controversies in the field.

关键词： Pancreas Locally advanced Chemotherapy Radiation Irreversible electroporation Pancreatic cancer

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Does acid pickling of Mg-Ca alloy enhance biomineralization?

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j.urnal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第3期9卷 1028-1038页

作者： Shebeer A Rahim VP Muhammad Rabeeh M A joseph T Hanas Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of Technology CalicutKerala 673601India Nanomaterials Research Laboratory School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute of Technology CalicutKerala 673601India

The mechanical and physical properties of biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys make them suitable for temporary orthopaedic *** success of these alloys depends on their performance in the physiological *** the present work,surface modification of Mg-Ca binary alloy by acid pickling for better biomineralization and controlled biodegradation is *** corrosion rates of nitric and phosphoric acid treated samples were analysed by conducting electrochemical corrosion *** vitro degradation behaviour was studied using immersion test in simulated body fluid(SBF).The sample surfaces were characterized using scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It is seen that acid pickling leads to significant improvement in biomineralization and develop in situ calcium phosphate(Ca P)coating on the sample *** addition,the treated samples recorded a reduced degradation rate in the SBF compared to untreated ***,acid pickling is suggested as an effective surface treatment method to tailor the biomineralization and degradation behaviour of the Mg-Ca alloy in the physiological environment.

关键词： Inorganic acid pickling Magnesium alloy Surface pretreatment Surface characterization Biomineralization Degradation rate

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