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Locoregional Anesthesia in a Resource-Limited Country: Can Lidocaine 1.5% with Adrenaline Be an Alternative to Ropivacaine 0.5% for Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Blocks?

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Open j.urnal of Anesthesiology 2020年第11期10卷 381-387页

作者： j. Donamou M. L. Camara A. Bangoura A. D. Traoré M. L. bah Anesthesia Department of Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Anaesthesia Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea Orthopaedics Department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Background: The ultrasound-guided axillary block is a block commonly used in upper limb surgery. Several local anaesthetics can be used to obtain an effective block. These include ropivacaine 0.5% and lidocaine 1.5% with adrenaline. Objective: To evaluate lidocaine 1.5% with adrenaline as an alternative to ropivacaine 0.5% for ultrasound-guided axillary blocks. Methodology: This was a 6-month prospective and randomized study (July 15, 2019 to January 15, 2020) conducted in the Department of Anesthesia at Ignace Deen National Hospital in Conakry, Guinea. Results: A total of 38 patients were enrolled: 19 in each group. The mean age was 45.8 ± 16.9 years in the lidocaine with adrenaline group compared to 43.9 ± 20 years in the ropivacaine group. The mean onset time in the lidocaine group was 6.8 ± 2.1 minutes compared to 8.3 ± 2.4 minutes in the ropivacaine group (p = 0.04). The mean duration of axillary block was 233.3 ± 57.5 minutes in the lidocaine group versus 260.4 ± 74 minutes in the ropivacaine group (p = 0.21). The performance was identical in both groups with 89.5% of the effective blocks in the lidocaine group and in the ropivacaine group (p = 1). The cost of consumables for the ropivacaine group was 60 euros compared to 15 euros for the lidocaine group. Conclusion: Lidocaine 1.5% with adrenaline is a good alternative to ropivacaine 0.5% for ultrasound-guided axillary blocks in resource-limited countries.

关键词： Lidocaine Ropivacaine Resources-Limited Country Guinea

EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTION OF MINERAL NITROGEN WITH ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON NITROGEN LOSS FROM SLOPING CROPLAND OF PURPLE SOIL

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2022年第3期9卷 396-406页

作者： Bo ZHU Zhiyuan YAO Dongni HU Hamidou bah Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Science Beijing 100049China.

Nitrogen loss from purple soil can lead to large negative impacts to the environment considering the wide distribution of this soil type in the upper reaches of the Yangtze ***,nitrogen loss patterns from sloping cropland of purple soil in the Sichuan Basin with the following fertilization regimes were studied in a wheat-maize rotation system:100%organic fertilizer(OM),using pig manure to replace 30%of mineral N(OMNPK)and crop residue to replace 15%of the mineral N(CRNPK)plus standard mineral fertilization(NPK)and no fertilizer *** cumulative hydrological N loss could be as high as 45 kg·ha^(−1) *** interflow accounted for up to 90%of the total N loss followed by sediment and overland flow *** high N loss via interflow found in this study highlighting that sloping cropland of purple soil may be one of the hot spots of N *** to the NPK regime,organic substitution regimes(i.e.,OM,OMNPK and CRNPK)decreased total hydrological N loss loadings by 30%−68%.In addition,they can maintain annual crop yields and decrease yield-scaled total hydrological N losses by 18%−71%.In conclusion,long-term substitution of mineral N with organic amendments can maintain high crop productivity and reduce environmental N loss loadings,and thereby recommended as good N management practices to minimize the risk of agricultural non-point source pollution in the purple soil region of China.

关键词： improved fertilization regime interflow nitrogen forms nitrogen leaching purple soil sloping cropland

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沼气工程高效稳定运行技术现状及展望

农业机械学报 2015年第7期46卷 187-196,202页

作者：李伟吴树彪 Hamidou bah.庞昌乐董仁杰中国农业大学工学院北京100083 法拉纳高等农牧学院农业推广系

总结分析了沼气工程相关技术现状和技术需求,并对其未来发展进行了展望。我国的原料收贮和预处理技术亟待升级,仍需大量的科研投入以研发关键的核心技术装备。实现沼气工程运行情况的有效监测和及时预警,以及开发合适的微量元素添加剂... 详细信息

总结分析了沼气工程相关技术现状和技术需求,并对其未来发展进行了展望。我国的原料收贮和预处理技术亟待升级,仍需大量的科研投入以研发关键的核心技术装备。实现沼气工程运行情况的有效监测和及时预警,以及开发合适的微量元素添加剂和功能微生物菌剂对推动我国沼气工程的高效稳定运行具有重要意义。试验并研发新型膜材料和对常规材料的共混与改性处理是提高沼气膜分离提纯能力的主要手段。沼液的资源化利用技术是摆脱沼气工程可持续发展瓶颈的关键。结合沼气工程产业发展需求,充分论证技术瓶颈,合理配置科技资源,加大科技攻关投入,实现自主化技术研发、标准化工程设计、工厂化装备制造、模块化安装建设以及专业化安装调试等标准化集成,同时创新沼气工程技术的应用模式能更好地推动沼气工程技术的发展。

关键词：沼气工程预处理监测微量元素菌剂沼液

Impact of five annual rounds of mass drug administration with ivermectin on onchocerciasis in Sierra Leone

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 314-325页

作者： j.seph B.Koroma Santigie Sesay Abdul Conteh Benj.min Koudou j.sufu Paye Mohamed bah.Mustapha Sonnie Mary H.Hodges Yaobi Zhang Moses j.Bockarie Family Health International(FHI)360 Ghana Country OfficeAccraGhana National Neglected Tropical Disease Control Programme Ministry of Health and SanitationFreetownSierra Leone Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Helen Keller International FreetownSierra Leone Helen Keller International Regional Office for AfricaDakarSenegal European&Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership(EDCTP) Medical Research CouncilCape TownSouth Africa

Background:Onchocerciasis is endemic in 12 of the 14 health districts of Sierra *** treatment coverage of community-directed treatment with ivermectin was achieved between 2005 and 2009 after the 11-year civil *** site surveys were conducted in 2010 to evaluate the impact of five annual rounds of ivermectin ***:In total,39 sentinel villages from hyper-and meso-endemic areas across the 12 endemic districts were surveyed using skin snips in *** were analyzed and compared with the baseline data from the same 39 ***:The average microfilaridermia(MF)prevalence across 39 sentinel villages was 53.10%at *** MF prevalence was higher in older age groups,with the lowest in the age group of 1-9 years(11.00%)and the highest in the age group of 40-49 years(82.31%).Overall mean MF density among the positives was 28.87 microfilariae(mf)/snip,increasing with age with the lowest in the age group of 1-9 years and the highest in the age group of 40-49 *** had higher MF prevalence and density than *** 2010 after five rounds of mass drug administration,the overall MF prevalence decreased by 60.26%from 53.10%to 21.10%;the overall mean MF density among the positives decreased by 71.29%from 28.87 mf/snip to 8.29 mf/snip;and the overall mean MF density among all persons examined decreased by 88.58%from 15.33 mf/snip to 1.75 mf/*** of 12 endemic districts had>50%reduction in MF *** of 12 districts had≥50%reduction in mean MF density among the ***:A significant reduction of onchocerciasis MF prevalence and mean density was recorded in all 12 districts of Sierra Leone after five annual MDAs with effective treatment *** results suggested that the onchocerciasis elimination programme in Sierra Leone was on course to reach the obj.ctive of eliminating onchocerciasis in the country by the year *** MDA with ivermectin should continue in all 12 districts and furthe

关键词： Onchocerciasis Onchocerca volvulus Mass drug administration Community-directed treatment with ivermectin Community-directed drug distributor Skin snip Onchocerciasis-endemic Post-conflict Disease elimination Rapid diagnostic test

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Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy with or without Choroid Plexus Coagulation for Treatment of Hydrocephalus in Guinea: Analysis of 76 Cases in the Department of Neurosurgery of Kipe, Conakry

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Open j.urnal of Modern Neurosurgery 2021年第4期11卷 242-251页

作者： I. S. Souare A. B. bah.S. Diawara I. Berete I. j. S. Souare D. T. Boubane M. Cherif A. M. Camara L. K. Beavogui Service de Neurochirurgie H&#244 pital de l’Amitié Sino-Guinéenne de Kipe Conakry Guinea Service de Neurochirurgie H&#244 pital National Donka Conakry Guinea

In low-income countries, endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) with or without choroid plexus coagulation (CPC) is an increasingly accepted alternative to shunt therapy in adult and pediatric hydrocephalus. The authors report the result of this treatment in Conakry in a mixed population of adult and pediatric patients regardless of the etiology of the hydrocephalus. A retrospective study was conducted on 76 patients undergoing 89 ETV from January 2013 to September 2020. The predominant group of patients was infants less than one year with a mean age of 4.3 months and extremes of 1 - 8 months. The H/F sex ratio was 1.7/1. All patients presented acutely with signs of high intracranial pressure. Post-infectious causes and malformations and tumors were the main etiologies, respectively 21%, 47.3%, and 15.7%. The mean duration of the endoscopic procedures was 49.93 ± 10.9 mm, associated with a choroid plexus coagulation in 42% of cases. The complication rate in the first month was 22%, with CSF leak (5%) and death (11%) accounting for the majority. At three months, the complications rates were 45%, with 14.4% closed stroma, 6% epilepsy, and 24% mortality. The mean follow-up was 28 months (range 2 - 53), and the global success rate of 61%. Our study, with its limitations, shows that ETV with CPC is a safe primary approach for the treatment of hydrocephalus in low-income countries regardless of the etiology and the age of the patients.

关键词： Hydrocephalus Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy Choroid Plexus Coagulation Low-Income Countries

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复合微胶囊的制备

复合微胶囊的制备

作者： Mohamed Gibril bah 天津大学

学位级别：硕士

微胶囊是微小的球体,其形成过程称为微胶囊化,通过在其内部裹覆不同物质材料,实现多功能性及弥补缺陷。微胶囊作为药物的有力载体,因为它能确保核心材料和膜材料迅速到达胃肠道的靶部位。具有独特形态和性质的多功能聚合物微胶囊由于其... 详细信息

微胶囊是微小的球体,其形成过程称为微胶囊化,通过在其内部裹覆不同物质材料,实现多功能性及弥补缺陷。微胶囊作为药物的有力载体,因为它能确保核心材料和膜材料迅速到达胃肠道的靶部位。具有独特形态和性质的多功能聚合物微胶囊由于其双重功能和在不同领域的广泛应用而备受关注。微胶囊在医药和工业应用、药物输送系统、化妆品、食品、纺织品、催化、储能介质、粘合剂和农业工业中具有巨大的潜力。从本质上讲,复合微胶囊的优点取决于它们的分离质量、相当大的内体积、表面官能度和可渗透性。它们具有优异的稳定性,足以满足化学负载。本研究的目的是:首先研究了四种制备微胶囊的主要方法。这些方法有化学方法、物理方法、物理化学方法和微流体方法。这项研究进一步检查了四种方法的各种优点和缺点。此外,本研究将讨论微胶囊在药物递送、医药和化妆品工业中的一些应用。其次,制备了两种不同的方法:双乳液-溶剂蒸发和微流控法制备复合微胶囊,分别制备了以水溶性聚合物膜和油膜为内壳和外层的空心核壳复合微胶囊。所公开的方法依赖于使用手持均质器通过双乳化溶剂蒸发过程生产含油微胶囊。在这项工作中制造复杂微胶囊的原理包括在油相中溶解溶剂蒸发技术产生的简单微胶囊,用微流体装置在微胶囊周围形成附加层以产生所需复合MIC。胶囊(双壳微粒)。最后介绍了两种方法的优缺点。此外,通过光学显微镜对微粒直径和平均粒径分布进行了测量和测量,并利用图像分析软件image j.捕获的图像进行处理。在这项研究工作中,关于PVA含量的影响分析和更好地控制PVA浓度是将来的主要工作。

关键词：微胶囊微胶囊制造微胶囊化药物载体微粒

古尔班通古特沙漠东南部三种沙丘上优势灌木的空间格局及种间关联性研究

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干旱区资源与环境 2022年第7期36卷 154-165页

作者： Ibrahima Fadj. bah.张定海孙琰蕙张晓玉甘肃农业大学理学院数量生物研究所兰州730070

种群的空间分布格局和种间关联性的研究对预测群落演替趋势和植被重建具有重要意义。文中以古尔班通古特沙漠东南部三种类型沙丘上的优势灌木种群为研究对象,在0-20m尺度上利用空间点格局分析法,基于均质泊松模型HPP和异质泊松模型IPP,... 详细信息

种群的空间分布格局和种间关联性的研究对预测群落演替趋势和植被重建具有重要意义。文中以古尔班通古特沙漠东南部三种类型沙丘上的优势灌木种群为研究对象,在0-20m尺度上利用空间点格局分析法,基于均质泊松模型HPP和异质泊松模型IPP,采用单变量相关函数g(r)对三种类型沙丘上的灌木的空间分布格局进行研究。同时,基于完全随机模型CSR和先决条件模型AC,采用双变量g_(12)(r)函数研究了三种沙丘上灌木间的种间关联性。结果表明:1)三种沙丘上的优势灌木在均质泊松模型HPP下以聚集分布为主,在剔除生境异质性后的异质泊松模型IPP下在中小尺度上以聚集分布为主,在较大尺度上以随机分布为主;2)三种沙丘上灌木的聚集强度的大小顺序为:半固定沙丘>流动沙丘>固定沙丘;3)三种沙丘上,大多数灌木之间的种间关联性随着空间尺度的增而减小。其中,固定沙丘上的灌木在完全随机模型CSR下在0-20m空间尺度上为负关联关系,在去除生境异质性的AC模型下以正关联关系为主;半固定沙丘上的灌木在CSR模型下在0-20m尺度上主要呈现正关联关系,在AC模型下中小尺度上为正关联关系,大尺度上趋于无关联性;流动沙丘上的灌木在CSR模型下在小尺度上主要以正关联为主,在大尺度上趋于无关联性;在AC模型下灌木之间虽也以正关联为主,但随着尺度的增加最后趋于无关联性或负关联关系。研究结果可为该地区固沙植被的演替和植被的生境适应性的研究提供一定的理论基础。

关键词：古尔班通古特沙漠灌木空间分布格局空间关联性

Rare-Earth Doped GdVO₄ by Sol-Gel Method: Structural and Luminescence Properties

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World j.urnal of Engineering and Technology 2022年第4期10卷 907-922页

作者： D. Y. Medina-Velázquez A. D. j. Morales-Ramírez A. A. Morales-Hernández B. Gonzalez L. Ramírez-García E. Garfías-García j. Oliva C. R. Garcia j. Reyes-Miranda M. A. Barron E. Osorio-de-la-Rosa Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Reynosa México Instituto Politécnico Nacional CIITEC IPN Cerrada de CECATI S/N Col. México City México Instituto Politécnico Nacional ESIQIE IPN México City México CONACyT-División de Materiales Avanzados Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica A. C. San Luis Potosí México Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Edif. A Unidad Camporredondo Saltillo México Comonfort Col. Del Bosque. C.P. 77019 Chetumal Quintana Roo México.6 CONACYT-Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Quintana Roo Boulevard Bahía s/n esq. Ignacio Chetumal México

Rare earths have been extensively developed in recent years, however, new hosts allow high excitation and emission efficiency, in this sense, gadolinium vanadate has been extensively studied and in previous works it has been widely used in down conversion systems. Because of the strong absorption of the VO4 groups and efficient energy transfer from GdVO4 to lanthanide ions, in this work its up-conversion properties were studied when is co-doped with Yb3+, X3+ where X = Tm, Er and Ho. The powders synthesized presented a high crystallinity and a rounded morphology and exhibit a high luminescence when are excited with IR radiation.

关键词： Gadolinium Rare Earths Up Convertion

结核病中断治疗的危险因素分析:赞比亚301例结核病患者前瞻性队列研究

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2006年第1期1卷 17-23页

作者： P. C. Hill W. Stevens S. Hill j. bah.S. A. Donkor A. j.llow C. Lienhardt 马玙 Department of Tuberculosis Medical Research Council Laboratories Banjul Department of Disease Control Gambia Government Banjul The Gambia Tuberculosis Unit Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement Dakar Senegal

背景:赞比亚一家城市结核病门诊部。目的:确认与中断治疗增加有关的患者特征,尤其是关于接受治疗的相关知识及费用因素。设计:对15岁以上、开始治疗的结核病患者进行前瞻性队列研究,采用半结构式调查表调查及对其后一周三次直接观察下治... 详细信息

背景:赞比亚一家城市结核病门诊部。目的:确认与中断治疗增加有关的患者特征,尤其是关于接受治疗的相关知识及费用因素。设计:对15岁以上、开始治疗的结核病患者进行前瞻性队列研究,采用半结构式调查表调查及对其后一周三次直接观察下治疗(DOT)就诊情况的观察。结果:301例患者中,共有76例(25.2%)中断了治疗,25例未恢复治疗。中断治疗率较高者为对治疗成功信心不足者(HR3.64;95%CI:1.42-9.31,P=0.007)及因接受治疗有明显的时间和费用限制者(HR2.67;95%CI:1.05-6.81;P=0.04)。在不同治疗阶段这些因素的影响不同,在开始治疗的90天,对治疗成功信心不足的因素影响明显,而因到门诊部接受治疗而增加交通费用的因素则多发生于治疗90天后。结论:在赞比亚,在开始治疗及治疗期间的不同阶段均可发现中断治疗的高危人群。在治疗3个月后,患者对治疗成功信心增强后,可考虑采用以家庭为基础的自我服药,这样可减少患者去门诊部接受治疗的费用。

关键词：赞比亚结核病中断治疗费用知识

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