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STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF A WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT INFORMATION NETWORK

International j.urnal of Sediment Research 2007年第3期22卷 238-246页

作者： W. R. OSTERKAMP j. R. GRAY j. b. LARONNE j. R. MARTIN Research Hydrologist National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745 Hydrologist Office of Surface Water U. S. Geological Survey Reston VA USA 20192 Prof. Department of Geography and Environmental Development Ben Gurion University of the Negev Beer Sheva 84105 Israel Graduate Student National Research Program U. S. Geological Survey Tucson AZ USA 85745

A "Watershed-Scale Sediment Information Network" (WaSSIN), designed to complement UNESCO’s International Sedimentation Initiative, was endorsed as an initial proj.ct b. the World Association for Sedimentation and Erosion Research. WaSSIN is to address glob.l fluvial-sediment information needs through a network approach b.sed on consistent protocols for the collection, analysis, and storage of fluvial-sediment and ancillary information at smaller spatial scales than those of the International Sedimentation Initiative. As a second step of implementation, it is proposed herein that the WaSSIN have a general structure of two components, (1) monitoring and data acquisition and (2) research. Monitoring is to b. conducted in small watersheds, each of which has an estab.ished datab.se for discharge of water and suspended sediment and possib.y for b.d load, b.d material, and b.d topography. Ideally, documented protocols have b.en used for collecting, analyzing, storing, and sharing the derivative data. The research component is to continue the collection and interpretation of data, to compare those data among candidate watersheds, and to determine gradients of fluxes and processes among the selected watersheds. To define gradients and evaluate processes, the initial watersheds will have several common attrib.tes. Watersheds of the first group will b.: (1) six to ten in numb.r, (2) less than 1000 km2 in area, (3) generally in mid-latitudes of continents, and (4) of semiarid climate. Potential candidate watersheds presently include the Weany Creek b.sin, northeastern Australia, the Zhi Fanggou catchment, northern China, the Eshtemoa Watershed, southern Israel, the Metsemotlhab. River b.sin, b.tswana, the Aiuab. Experimental b.sin, b.azil, and the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed, southwestern United States.

关键词： Sediment information Monitoring system International sediment initiative WaSSIN

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Nitrous Oxide Emission b. Agricultural Soils: A Review of Spatial and Temporal Variab.lity for Mitigation

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Pedosphere 2012年第4期22卷 426-433页

作者： C. HNAULT A. GROSSEL b. MARY M. ROUSSEL j. LONARD INRA UR 272 Science du Sol Centre de Recherches d'Orléans CS 40001 Ardon 45075 Orléans cedex 2 (France) INRA-Université de b.urgogne UMR 1229 Microbiologie du sol et de l'Environnement 17 rue Sully BP 86510 21065 Dijon cedex (France) INRA US 1158 Agro-Impact Po le du Griffon 180 rue Pierre-Gilles de Gennes 02000 Barenton-Bugny (France)

This short review deals with soils as an important source of the greenhouse gas N2O. The production and consumption of N2O in soils mainly involve b.otic processes: the anaerob.c process of denitrification and the aerob.c process of nitrification. The factors that significantly influence agricultural N2O emissions mainly concern the agricultural practices (N application rate, crop type, fertilizer type) and soil conditions (soil moisture, soil organic C content, soil pH and texture). Large variab.lity of N2O fluxes is known to occur b.th at different spatial and temporal scales. Currently new techniques could help to improve the capture of the spatial variab.lity. Continuous measurement systems with automatic chamb.rs could also help to capture temporal variab.lity and consequently to improve quantification of N2O emissions b. soils. Some attempts for mitigating soil N2O emissions, either b. modifying agricultural practices or b. managing soil microb.al functioning taking into account the origin of the soil N2O emission variab.lity, are reviewed.

关键词： agricultural practices fertilization greenhouse gas N2O fluxes soil-atmosphere interface

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Echo of distant water

Echo of distant water

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作者： j. b. Fisher.

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Evaluation of Microstructure and Magnetic Properties in Non-oriented Electrical Steel Strained b. Tension

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j.urnal of Iron and Steel Research International 2016年第2期23卷 166-170页

作者： j.SALINAS b. A.SALINAS R. Engineering Metallurgical Research Center and Advanced Studies of National Polytechnic Institute

The effects of deformation on the microstructure and magnetic properties of non oriented electrical steels were investigated. b.x annealed electrical steel sheets were deformed b. tension at four different strains： 3%, 8%, 12 % and 25 % The internal grain misorientation caused b. tensile deformation was measured b. electron b.ckscat- tering diffraction （Eb.D） with grain orientation spread （GOS） as an indicator of the lattice distortion. The experi- mental results showed that the average GOS value increases with the strain. The microstructure and crystallographic texture of deformed samples did not show a significant change in samples strained b.low 25 %. However, the mag- netic properties were strongly affected： coercivity was directly proportional to the square root of the GOS value and energy losses increased as the strain level was increased.

关键词： non-oriented electrical steel tensile deformation internal misorientation magnetic property Eb.D

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Systems Analysis and Design; Gary b. Shelly, Thomas j. Cashman, Harry j. Rosenb.att 4th ed.

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2001年

作者： Gary b. Shelly Thomas j. Cashman Harry j. Rosenb.att

Includes index.

ISBN: (纸本)0789559579

Includes index.

关键词： System design.

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The Ⅳ International Symposium ProGEO on the Conservation of the Geological Heritage

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Episodes 2006年第1期29卷 51-52页

作者： W. A. P. Wimb.edom j. b. b.ilah Countryside Council for Wales/Cyngor Cefn Gwlad Cymru Castleton Court Fortran Road St Mellons Cardiff CFI OLT UK Earth Sciences Department University of Minho Campus de Gualtar 4710-057 b.aga PORTUGAL

The Ⅳ International Symposium ProGEO on the Conservation of the Geological Heritage was held b.tween 13-16 Septemb.r 2005 at b.aga organised b. ProGEO （European Association for the Conservation of the Geological Heritage） and b. the Earth Sciences Department of the University of Minho. The b.aga symposium b.ilds on the earlier International Symposia, at Digne （1991）, Roma （1996）, and Madrid （1999）, and at ProGEO conferences hosted in countries and regions, too numerous to list--as well as workshops at the b.ij.ng and Firenze International Geological Congresses. These meetings have set the agenda for geoheritage （geosite, geo（morph）ological site） protection in the last ten years and introduced the ideas of comparative geosite inventories for countries and regions, of National Geoparks （with nested, protected geosite groups）, promoted the integration of geoconservation in strong national nature conservation, as well as links to landscape （Dub.in 2002 conference） and geoarchaeological conservation.

关键词：地质资源国际座谈会学术讨论地质工作

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b.osting the immune response： the use of iNKT cell ligands as vaccine adj.vants

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Frontiers of physics 2012年第5期7卷 436-444页

作者： Priyanka b. SUb.AHMANYAM Tonya j. WEb. Department of Microb.ology and Immunology University of Maryland School of Medicine and the Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum CancerCenter Baltimore Maryland 21201 USA

Natural killer T （NKT） cells comprise a small, b.t important T cell sub.et and are thought to b.idge the innate and adaptive immune responses. The discovery of NKT cells and extensive research on their activating ligands have paved the way for modulation of these potent immunoregulatory cells in order to improve the outcome of various clinical conditions. Efforts to modulate NKT cell effector functions have ranged from therapy for influenza to anti- tumor immunotherapy. These approaches have also led to the use of NKT cell agonists such as a-Galactosylceramide （a- GalCer） and its analogs as vaccine adj.vants, an approach that is aimed at b.osting specific b.and T cell responses to a vaccine candidate b. concomitant activation of NKT cells. In this review we will provide a comprehensive overview of the efforts made in using a-GalCer and its analogs as vaccine adj.vants. The diverse array of vaccination strategies used, as well as the role of NKT cell activating adj.vants will b. discussed, with focus on vaccines against malaria, HIV, influenza and tumor vaccines. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the efficacy of NKT cell-specific agonists as adj.vants and suggest that these compounds warrant serious consideration during the development of vaccination strategies.

关键词： vaccines NKT cells and CDld

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UV/visib.e spectroscopic analysis of CO^(3+) and CO^(2+) during the dissolution of cob.lt from mixed Co-Cu oxidized ores

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International j.urnal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2011年第3期18卷 260-269页

作者： j. Ndalamo A.F. Mulab.-b.fub.andi b.b. Mamb. Department of Chemical Technology University of Johannesburg Department of Extraction Metallurgy University of Johannesburg

The leaching of cob.lt from four-mixed Co-Cu oxidized ores containing cob.lt at levels ranging from 0.5wt% to 34wt% was studied and the results has b.en reported. Conventional dissolution of these oxidized Co-Cu ores with diluted H2SO4 and SO2 as a reducing agent resulted in a sub.tantial improvement in the solution b.sed recovery of cob.lt. UV/visib.e spectroscopic analysis of the leached solu-tions indicated that the increased cob.lt content in the solution was a result of flushing the acidified cob.lt leaching solution with SO2. Fur-thermore, UV/visib.e spectroscopy confirmed that as SO2 was flushed into the acidified leaching solution, Co3＋ b.aring minerals were re-duced to the readily solub.e Co2＋ b.aring minerals, and this resulted in the increase of total cob.lt in the collected solution. The mechanism of the reduction of Co3＋ to Co2＋ b.aring minerals when SO2 is flushed during the leaching of mixed Co-Cu oxidized ores, including the stab.lity trends of Co3＋, Co2＋, and Cu2＋ complexes, as shown b. their UV/visib.e spectra, are also discussed.

关键词： cob.lt metallurgy dissolution leaching reaction kinetics spectroscopic analysis

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Methoprene application and diet protein supplementation to male melon fly, b.ctrocera cucurb.tae, modifies female remating b.havior

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Insect Science 2014年第5期21卷 637-646页

作者： Ihsan ul Haq Marc j. b. Vreysen P. E. A. Teal j.rge Hendrichs Insect Pest Control Lab.ratory Joint FAO/IAEA Agriculture and Biotechnology Laboratories A-2444 Seibersdorf Austria NationalAgricultural Research Centre Park Road Islamabad 45500 Pakistan Center for Medical Agricultural and Veterinary EntomologyUSDA ARS Gainesville Florida 32604 USA Insect Pest Control Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division IAEA A-1400 Vienna Austria

Methoprene （an analogue of j.venile hormone） application and feeding on a protein diet is known to enhance male melon fly, b.ctrocera cucurb.tae Coquillett （Diptera： Tephritidae）, mating success. In this study, we investigated the effect of these treatments on male b. cucurb.tae＇s ab.lity to inhib.t female remating. While 14-d-old females were fed on protein diet, 6-d-old males were exposed to one of the following treatments：（i） topical application of methoprene and fed on a protein diet; （ii） no methoprene b.t fed on a protein diet; （iii） methoprene and sugar-fed only; and （iv） sugar-fed, 14-d-old males acted as controls. Treatments had no effect on a male＇s ab.lity to depress the female remating receptivity in comparison to the control. Females mated with protein-deprived males showed higher remating receptivity than females first mated with protein-fed males. Methoprene and protein diet interaction had a positive effect on male mating success during the first and second mating of females. Significantly more females first mated with sugar-fed males remated with protein-fed males and females first mated with methoprene treated and protein-fed males were more likely to remate with similarly treated males. Females mating latency （time to start mating） was significantly shorter with protein-fed males, and mating duration was significantly longer with protein-fed males compared with protein-deprived males. These results are discussed in the context of methoprene and/or dietary protein as prerelease treatment of sterile males in area-wide control of melon fly integrating the sterile insect technique （SIT）.

关键词： b.ctrocera cucurb.tae methoprene protein rich diet remating b.havior SIT Tephritidae

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Nanocomposite starch films: Cytotoxicity studies and their application as cheese packaging

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FOOD b.OSCIENCE 2023年第3期53卷 809-819页

作者： Ortega, F. Minnaard, j. Arce, V. b. Garcia, M. A. UNLP CONICET CIDCA CICPBA RA-1900 La Plata Argentina UNLP Fac Ciencias Exactas RA-1900 La Plata Argentina UNLP CIOP CICPBA Camino Centenario E-505 & 508 RA-1897 Gonnet Argentina

This work focuses on the development of starch-b.sed nanocomposite films containing AgNPs ob.ained b. different green synthesis techniques, the characterization of their relevant properties, the study of their cytotoxicity and their application as food packaging on cheese. AgNPs were ob.ained b. different green synthesis techniques: AgNP in situ and AgNP L. The incorporation of AgNP L improved the b.rrier properties of nanocomposite films, since water vapor permeab.lity decreased (0.63 +/- 0.07 x 10-10 g/m s Pa) compared to films containing AgNPs in situ (1.9 +/- 0.1 x 10-10 g/m s Pa), while the UV-vis b.rrier capacity was higher (371.5 +/- 15.6 and 314.1 +/- 14.7, respectively). Films with AgNPs synthesized in situ were less cytotoxic for the Caco-2/TC7 line (90% viab.lity) in comparison with films containing AgNPs synthesized with lemon j.ice (AgNP L). Vero cells were susceptib.e to adhesion prob.ems on b.th control and nanocomposite films. Likewise, the differences ob.erved b.tween monocytes and macrophage THP-1 cells may b. associated with the expression of different markers. Then, active packages were developed b. thermo-sealing the films. The nanocomposite samples were ab.e to extend the shelf life of cheese b. 7 days, b.t the CL and AgNP L films were more effective, prob.b.y due to the synergistic effect of the active compounds present in the lemon j.ice and the low pH of the film-forming suspension. Finally, production costs and the current legislative framework for this type of material were revised.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Nanocomposite materials Cytotoxicity evaluation Active packages Thermo-sealing Cheese

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