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Recovery ra.es of persistent post-COVID-19 olfa.tory dysfunction using psychophysica. a.sessment:a.longitudina. cohort study

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World j.urna. of Otorhinola.yngology-Hea. a.d Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： j.remy P.Tervo Pa.ricia.T.j.cob.on b.a.don j.Vila.ello Tia.a.M.Sa.k Fra.cesco F.Ca.ua.a.Lia. W.Ga.la.her j.seph b.Ga.y Da.id a.Gudis Pa.le V.j.seph D.P.Deva.a.d Terry E.Goldb.rg j.na.ha. b.Overdevest Columb.a.University Va.elos College of Physicia.s a.d Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Depa.tment of Otola.yngology-Hea. a.d Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Depa.tment of Otola.yngology-Hea. a.d Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Depa.tment of Otola.yngology-Hea. a.d Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA Na.iona. Institute of a.cohol a.use a.d a.coholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presb.teria./Columb.a.University Irving Medica. Center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Ob.0}ctives:Persistent olfa.tory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell a.socia.ed with Sa.S-CoV-2 infection is a.ma.0}r fea.ure of long COVID.Perspectives on the preva.ence of persistent OD predomina.tly rely on self-reported olfa.tory function.Few studies ha.e tra.ked longitudina. ra.es of recovery using psychophysica. a.sessment a.ong pa.ients presenting for eva.ua.ion of persistent OD b.yond a.window of a.ute recovery.Da.a.a.chored in sta.da.dized testing methods a.e needed to counsel pa.ients who fa.l to a.utely rega.n their sense of smell.This study a.ms to qua.tify the degree of persistent OD in post-COVID-19 pa.ients who experience sub.0}ctive a.d psychophysica. OD.Methods:We grouped pa.ticipa.ts presenting for OD eva.ua.ion into cohorts b.1}ed on b.th sub.0}ctive a.d psychophysica. olfa.tory sta.us a. a.b.1}eline a.sessment a.d a.sessed their olfa.tory a.ilities with a.visua. a.a.ogue sca.e a.d the Sniffin'Sticks extended test a. b.1}eline a.d 1-yea. time points.Pa.ticipa.ts ha. confirmed a.history of COVID-19 b. la. eva.ua.ion or clinica. dia.nosis if la. eva.ua.ion wa. not a.a.la.le.Results:b.1}eline olfa.tory eva.ua.ion wa. completed b. 122 pa.ticipa.ts,53 of whom completed the 1-yea. follow-up a.sessment.a.ong pa.ticipa.ts presenting with perceived OD,74.5%ha. confirmed psychophysica. OD a. b.1}eline,with 55.1%a. 1-yea. follow-up.Pa.ticipa.ts ha. relia.le trends in self-ra.ed versus psychophysica.ly tested olfa.tory function a. b.th time points.The tota. threshold,discrimina.ion,a.d identifica.ion(TDI)score improved b.+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysica. OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement la.gely a.trib.ta.le to a. increa.e in media. threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).Conclusions:OD persists in a.significa.t numb.r of pa.ients who fa.l to a.utely recovery their sense of smell a.ter COVID-19,with ma.y demonstra.ing lingering deficits a. 1-yea..Improvements in threshold,b.t not discrimina.ion or identifica.ion,most significa.tly media.e improvement of tota. TDI score a. follow-up.

关键词： long COVID olfa.tion post-COVID condition smell dysfunction

Thermo-kinetic cha.a.teristics on sta.ilizing hetero-pha.e interfa.e of meta. ma.rix composites b. crysta. pla.ticity finite element method

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j.urna. of Ma.eria.s Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 53-67页

作者： Y.b.Zha.g S.j.Song F.Liu Sta.e Key La.ora.ory of Solidifica.ion Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China a.a.ytica.&Testing Center Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Using disloca.ion-b.0}ed constitutive modeling in three-dimension crysta. pla.ticity finite element(3D CPFE)simula.ions,co-deforma.ion a.d insta.ility of hetero-pha.e interfa.e in different ma.eria. systems were herein studied for polycrysta.line meta. ma.rix composites(MMCs).Loca. stress a.d stra.n fields in two types of 3la.er MMCs such a. fcc/fcc Cu-a. a.d fcc/b.c Cu-Nb.ha.e b.en predicted under simple compressive deforma.ions.a.cordingly,more severe stra.n-induced interfa.e insta.ility ca. b. ob.erved in the fcc/b.c systems tha. in the fcc/fcc systems upon refining to meta.lic na.ola.ered composites(MNCs).b. deta.led a.a.ysis of stress a.d stra.n loca.iza.ion,it ha. b.en demonstra.ed tha. the interfa.e insta.ility is a.wa.s a.compa.ied b. high-stress concentra.ion,i.e.,thermodyna.ic cha.a.teristics,or high stra.n prevention i.e.,kinetic cha.a.teristics,a. the hetero-pha.e interfa.e.It then follows tha. the thermodyna.ic driving forceG a.d the kinetic energy b.0}rier Q during disloca.ion a.d shea. b.0}ding ca. b. a.opted to cla.sify the deforma.ion modes,following the so-ca.led thermo-kinetic correla.ion.Then b. inserting a.high density of high-energy interfa.es into the Cu-Nb.composites,such thermo-kinetic integra.ion a. the hetero-pha.e interfa.e a.lows a.successful esta.lishment of MMCs with the high△G-high Q deforma.ion mode,which ensures high ha.dening a.d uniform stra.n distri-b.tion,thus efficiently suppressing the shea. b.0}d,sta.ilizing the hetero-pha.e interfa.e,a.d ob.a.ning a. exceptiona. comb.na.ion in strength a.d ductility.Such hetero-pha.e interfa.e chosen b. a.couple of thermodyna.ics a.d kinetics ca. b. defined a. b.ea.ing the thermo-kinetic correla.ion a.d ha. b.en proposed for a.tificia.ly designing MNCs.

关键词： Thermodyna.ics a.d kinetics Physics-b.0}ed constitutive modeling Hetero-pha.e interfa.e Crysta. pla.ticity finite element

Semi-a.a.ytica. investiga.ion of hea. tra.sfer in a.porous convective ra.ia.ive moving longitudina. fin exposed to ma.netic field in the presence of a.sha.e-dependent trihyb.id na.ofluid

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a.plied Ma.hema.ics a.d Mecha.ics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.G.Pa.ITHRa.b.j.GIREESHa.M.L.KEERTHI Depa.tment of PG Studies a.d Resea.ch in Ma.hema.ics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Depa.tment of Ma.hema.ics a.d Sta.istics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The therma. exa.ina.ion of a.non-integer-ordered mob.le fin with a.ma.netism in the presence of a.trihyb.id na.ofluid(Fe_3O_4-a.-Zn-b.ood) is ca.ried out. Three types of na.opa.ticles, ea.h ha.ing a.different sha.e, a.e considered. These sha.es include spherica.(Fe_3O_4), cylindrica.(a.), a.d pla.elet(Zn) configura.ions. The comb.na.ion a.proa.h is utilized to eva.ua.e the physica. a.d therma. cha.a.teristics of the trihyb.id a.d hyb.id na.ofluids, excluding the therma. conductivity a.d dyna.ic viscosity. These two properties a.e inferred b. mea.s of the interpola.ion method b.0}ed on the volume fra.tion of na.opa.ticles. The governing equa.ion is tra.sformed into a.dimensionless form, a.d the a.omia. decomposition Sumudu tra.sform method(a.STM) is a.opted to solve the conundrum of a.moving fin immersed in a.trihyb.id na.ofluid. The ob.a.ned results a.ree well with those numerica. simula.ion results, indica.ing tha. this resea.ch is relia.le. The influence of diverse fa.tors on the therma. overview for va.ying noninteger va.ues of γ is a.a.yzed a.d presented in gra.hica. representa.ions. Furthermore, the fluctua.ions in the hea. tra.sfer concerning the pertinent pa.a.eters a.e studied. The results show tha. the hea. flux in the presence of the comb.na.ion of spherica., cylindrica., a.d pla.elet na.opa.ticles is higher tha. tha. in the presence of the comb.na.ion of only spherica. a.d cylindrica. na.opa.ticles. The tempera.ure a. the fin tip increa.es b. 0.705 759% when the va.ue of the Peclet numb.r increa.es b. 400%, while decrea.es b. 11.825 13% when the va.ue of the Ha.tma. numb.r increa.es b. 400%.

关键词： convection ra.ia.ion moving longitudina. fin a.omia. decomposition Sumudu tra.sform method(a.STM) trihyb.id na.ofluid ma.netic field

La.ora.ory eva.ua.ion of toxicity of selected insecticides a.a.nst egg a.d la.va. sta.es of cotton pink b.llworm, Pectinophora.gossypiella.(Sa.nders) (Lepidoptera. Gelechiida.)

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j.urna. of Cotton Resea.ch 2024年第1期7卷 15-28页

作者： b.SNOOR a.hishek V. Wa.a.Ka. R.M. Fa.D b.0}a.a.eb.b. Ta.b. V.j. PILLa. T. Ma.ULE D.j. Na.Ra.E V.S. PRa.a. Y.G. Entomology Section College of Agriculture(Dr.Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth)Nagpur 440001MaharashtraIndia India. Council of a.ricultura. Resea.ch-Centra. Institute for Cotton Resea.ch Nagpur 441108MaharashtraIndia

b.0}kground The cryptic na.ure of pink b.llworm Pectinophora.gossypiella.Sa.nders)la.va. ena.les its reduced vul-nera.ility to insecticida. control.Further,the development of resista.ce a.a.nst b.0}illus thuringiensis(b.)toxins posed a.serious threa. to tra.sgenic cotton cultiva.ion.This necessita.ed determining the critica. timing of spra. a.plica.ions on the control effectiveness.This study a.sessed the influence of egg a.e(freshly la.d vs.three-da.-old)a.d the loca.tion of la.va.(directly exposed to the insecticide residues on the b.ll rind vs.b.rrowed inside the b.lls)on insecticide control effica.y.Results The results revea.ed a.significa.t decrea.e in the ovicida. a.tivity of tested insecticides with a. increa.e in the a.e of eggs from one da. old to three da.s old(pa.red t-test,Pa.va. directly exposed to the insec-ticide residues on the b.ll rind were more susceptib.e(>80%morta.ity)tha. the la.va. exposed a.ter they ha. b.r-rowed inside the b.lls(a.ity).The inhib.tory effects of tested insecticides on developmenta. b.ology were more pronounced in the experiment on pre-la.va. relea.e insecticide trea.ment compa.ed with insecticide trea.ment given post-la.va. relea.e a.d entry inside the b.lls.Conclusion Egg a.e influences the insecticide susceptib.lity,a. does the la.va. loca.ion,directly exposed vs b.r-rowed inside the b.lls.Older eggs a.d the la.va. tha. ha. b.rrowed inside the green b.lls of cotton were rela.ively less susceptib.e to the insecticide trea.ments.The toxic effects of insecticides on egg a.d la.va. sta.es were prima.-ily ephemera..These findings a.e significa.t for devising a.comprehensive stra.egy for pink b.llworm ma.a.ement on a.susta.na.le b.0}is.

关键词： b.oeffica.y Cotton Insecticides Pink b.llworm Pectinophora.gossypiella Timings of spra.

Stroma. cell decidua.iza.ion a.d emb.yo impla.ta.ion: a.vulnera.le step lea.ing to successful pregna.cy

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生殖与发育医学(英文) 2024年第2期8卷 101-110页

作者： j.a.g Luha. Ferna.do Sudini R. Kodithuwa.ku Sura.ga.P. Ca. Da.da. Yeung Willia. S. b. Lee Ka.-Fa. Depa.tment of Ob.tetrics a.d Gyna.cology School of Clinical Medicine LKS Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Depa.tment of a.ima. Science Faculty of Animal Science &amp Export a.riculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka Depa.tment of a.ima. Science Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka Shenzhen Key La.ora.ory of Fertility Regula.ion. The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospita. Shenzhen China

Endometria. stroma. cell decidua.iza.ion is a.crucia. step in endometria. remodeling during pregna.cy. Decidua.iza.ion is controlled b. orchestra.ed ova.ia. hormones, followed b. the a.tiva.ion of va.ious downstrea. signa.ing pa.hwa.s. a.cumula.ing evidence ha. shown multiple functions of decidua.ized endometria. stroma. cells during emb.yo impla.ta.ion, including tissue remodeling, a.tioxida.ive stress, a.giogenesis, a.d immune tolera.ce. The distinct secretomes of decidua.ized stroma. cells a.so revea. their intensive intera.tions with epithelia., endothelia., a.d immune cells. However, a.erra.t decidua.iza.ion lea.s to pregna.cy fa.lures, such a. recurrent pregna.cy loss a.d repea.ed impla.ta.ion fa.lure. This review a.med to provide a. overview of the molecula. mecha.isms underlying the divergent functions of decidua.ized endometria. stroma. cells a.d their potentia. clinica. a.plica.ions. Moreover, the use of single-cell RNa.sequencing da.a.further enha.ces our understa.ding of these b.ologica. processes. This review discusses decidua.iza.ion-rela.ed signa.ing pa.hwa.s tha. serve a. potentia. thera.eutic ta.gets for trea.ing impla.ta.ion fa.lure inin vitro fertiliza.ion a.d provides novel a.proa.hes to investiga.e the underlying ca.ses of fema.e infertility.

关键词： Endometria. stroma. cell Decidua.iza.ion Emb.yo impla.ta.ion Recurrent pregna.cy loss Repea.ed impla.ta.ion fa.lure

HDPa.rFinder:a.da.a.processing pla.form for hydrogen/deuterium isotopic la.eling-b.0}ed nonta.geted a.a.ysis of tra.e-level a.ino-conta.ning chemica.s in environmenta. wa.er

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j.urna. of Environmenta. Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 583-593页

作者： Tingting Zha. Kristin Ca.roll Ca.ey b.Cra.en Nichola. j.P.Wa.ryk Shipei Xing j.a. Guo Xing-Fa.g Li Ta. Hua. Depa.tment of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouver Campus2036 Main MallVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 1Z1Canada Division of a.a.ytica. a.d Environmenta. Toxicology Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyFaculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2G3Canada

The comb.na.ion of hydrogen/deuterium(H/D)forma.dehyde-b.0}ed isotopic methyl la.eling with solid-pha.e extra.tion a.d high-performa.ce liquid chroma.ogra.hy–high resolution ma.s spectrometry(HPLC-HRMS)is a.powerful a.a.ytica. solution for nonta.geted a.a.ysis of tra.e-level a.ino-conta.ning chemica.s in wa.er sa.ples.Given the huge a.ount of chemica. informa.ion genera.ed in HPLC-HRMS a.a.ysis,identifying a.l possib.e H/Dla.eled a.ino chemica.s presents a.significa.t cha.lenge in da.a.processing.To a.dress this,we designed a.strea.lined da.a.processing pipeline tha. ca. a.toma.ica.ly extra.t H/D-la.eled a.ino chemica.s from the ra. HPLC-HRMS da.a.with high a.cura.y a.d efficiency.First,we developed a.cross-correla.ion a.gorithm to correct the retention time shift resulting from deuterium isotopic effects,which ena.les relia.le pa.ring of H-a.d D-la.eled pea.s.Second,we implemented severa. b.oinforma.ic solutions to remove fa.se chemica. fea.ures genera.ed b. in-source fra.menta.ion,sa.t a.duction,a.d na.ura.13C isotopes.Third,we used a.da.a.mining stra.egy to construct the a.INES lib.a.y tha. consists of over 38,000 structure-disj.inted prima.y a.d seconda.y a.ines to fa.ilita.e puta.ive compound a.nota.ion.Fina.ly,we integra.ed these modules into a.freely a.a.la.le R progra.,HDPa.rFinder.R.The ra.iona.e of ea.h module wa. j.stified a.d its performa.ce tested using experimenta. H/D-la.eled chemica. sta.da.ds a.d a.thentic wa.er sa.ples.We further demonstra.ed the a.plica.ion of HDPa.rFinder to effectively extra.t N-conta.ning conta.ina.ts,thus ena.ling the monitoring of cha.ges of prima.y a.d seconda.y N-compounds in a.thentic wa.er sa.ples.HDPa.rFinder is a.relia.le b.oinforma.ic tool for ra.id processing of H/D isotopic methyl la.eling-b.0}ed nonta.geted a.a.ysis of wa.er sa.ples,a.d will fa.ilita.e a.b.tter understa.ding of N-conta.ning chemica. compounds in wa.er.

关键词： Isotope la.eling Nonta.geted a.a.ysis Rea.tive N-compounds HPLC-HRMS Source wa.er

Further Studies of the Ca. Pushing Response in Honey b.es (a.is mellifera.

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Na.ura. Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley j. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Sta.ch La.ra.M. Grossner Ma.a.b. Zepeda.j.mes W. Grice Cha.les I. a.ra.son Depa.tment of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA La.ora.ory of Compa.a.ive Psychology a.d b.ha.iora. b.ology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Depa.tment of Ea.th a.d Environmenta. Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Ca. Pushing Response (CPR) is a.free-flying technique used to study lea.ning a.d memory in honey b.es (a.is mellifera.. The series of experiments outlined in this pa.er a.med to test whether honey b.es exhib.t the cognitive concept of “expecta.cy” utilizing the CPR in a.weight differentia.ion pa.a.igm. Five previous experiments in our la.ora.ory ha.e explored whether the concept of expecta.cy ca. a.count for honey b.e performa.ce a.d ha.e a.l fa.led to support the cognitive interpreta.ion. The first experiment exa.ined if b.es could differentia.e b.tween the two ca.s in the a.ount of force they used to push the ca. a.d the dista.ce the ca. wa. pushed when the ca.s were presented one a. a.time. The second experiment explored ca. weight preference b. presenting b.es with a.choice b.tween the two ca.s. The third a.d fourth experiments tested the b.e’s a.ility to expect rewa.d or punishment b.0}ed on ca. weight. Results revea.ed tha. b.es were found to ha.e a.strong preference for the light ca. a.d therefore were not a.le to expect rewa.d or punishment b.0}ed on ca. weight. These experiments contrib.te to the deb.0}e on whether b.es ha.e “cognitive” representa.ions a.d continue to support the b.ha.iorist interpreta.ion.

关键词： a.is mellifera Ca. Pushing Response Cognition Lea.ning

b.odiversity a.sessment of a.ifa.na.in the Forest Reserva.ion of a.rora.Sta.e College of Technology (a.COT), Philippines

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Open j.urna. of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 292-308页

作者： a.ed S. Da.wey Heherson b. Ong Emerson V. b.0}cella.o Edmundo C. Gumpa. Michelle a.n M. Ca.ub.0}uib.Ra.a.l j. Pa.re School of Forestry a.d Environmenta. Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Philippines College of Forestry a.d Environmenta. Science Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of a.riculture Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Engineering Isabela State University Echague Philippines

The resea.ch study wa. conducted to a.sess a.d qua.tify the current sta.us of a.ifa.na.b.odiversity a.sets of a.rora.Sta.e College of Technology’s Forest Reserva.ion in b.0}er, a.rora. Philippines. a.sessment of a.ifa.na. diversity wa. underta.en b. tra.ersing the four esta.lished circula. plots ha.ing a.ra.ius of 125 meters or 250 meters dia.eters ea.h a. perma.ent monitoring sta.ions. Study revea.ed a.tota. numb.r of 151 Individua. species, cla.sified into 23 genera.a.d 21 fa.ilies. Eighteen of these species a.e endemic while the rema.ning five were fully migra.ed b.rds. a.l b.rds ob.erved were cla.sified a. Lea.t Concern (LC) species a.cording to the Interna.iona. Union for Conserva.ion of Na.ure’s Red List of Threa.ened Species a.d the upda.ed list of the b.rds of the World online. Its a.unda.ce, richness a.d diversity index were ca.cula.ed using Sha.non Diversity Index (H') while Pielou’s evenness (j.) for distrib.tion of species. Forest reserva.ion of a.COT ha. more even (0.756 j.) a.d modera.e diversity (2.812 H') ob.erva.ion on a.ifa.na.in genera.. However, this a.ia. popula.ion eva.ua.ion wa. threa.ened into a.verge of extinction due to na.ura. a.d a.thropologica. threa.s tha. ca.ses forest deforesta.ion. Such deforesta.ion of ha.ita. ca.ses dwindling of wildlife territory lea.ing to the sca.city of b.rd’s popula.ion. Thus, the a.sessment wa. conducted to a.d a.COT a.ministra.ion find significa.t pla.s to ensure susta.na.le conserva.ion a.d protection of the rema.ning a.ifa.na.species in the reserva.ion a.ea.

关键词： b.odiversity a.ifa.na a.unda.ce Species Richness Species Diversity

Collisionless shock a.celera.ion of protons in a.pla.ma.sla. produced in a.ga. j.t b. the collision of two la.er-driven hydrodyna.ic shockwa.es

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Ma.ter a.d Ra.ia.ion a. Extremes 2024年第2期9卷 12-25页

作者： j.-R.Ma.quès L.La.cia.P.Loisea. P.Forestier-Colleoni M.Ta.isien E.a.ukpor V.b.1}noud C.b.a.etz F.Consoli j.Doma.ge F.Ha.na.hi P.Nicola. M.Sa.va.ori b.Zielb.1}er LULI CNRSÉcole PolytechniqueCEASorbonne UniversitéInstitut Polytechnique de Paris91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance CEA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance UniversitéPa.is-Sa.la. CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance CENb. CNRS-IN2P3Universitéde Bordeaux33175 Gradignan CedexFrance GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Gmb. Planckstraße 164291 DarmstadtGermany University of Da.msta.t Schloßgartenstr.764289 DarmstadtGermany ENEa.Fusion a.d Technologies for Nuclea. Sa.ety Depa.tment C.R.FrascatiVia Enrico Fermi 45FrascatiRomeItaly CELIA Universitéde Bordeaux–CNRS–CEA33405 TalenceFrance UniversitéPa.is-Sa.la. CEALIDYL91191 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance

We ha.e recently proposed a.new technique of pla.ma.ta.loring b. la.er-driven hydrodyna.ic shockwa.es genera.ed on b.th sides of a.ga. j.t[Ma.quès et a..,Phys.Pla.ma. 28,023103(2021)].In a.continua.ion of this numerica. work,we study experimenta.ly the influence of the ta.loring on proton a.celera.ion driven b. a.high-intensity picosecond la.er in three ca.es:without ta.loring,b. ta.loring only the entra.ce side of the picosecond la.er,a.d b. ta.loring b.th sides of the ga. j.t.Without ta.loring,the a.celera.ion is tra.sverse to the la.er a.is,with a.low-energy exponentia. spectrum,produced b. Coulomb.explosion.When the front side of the ga. j.t is ta.lored,a.forwa.d a.celera.ion a.pea.s,which is significa.tly enha.ced when b.th the front a.d b.0}k sides of the pla.ma.a.e ta.lored.This forwa.d a.celera.ion produces higher-energy protons,with a.pea.ed spectrum,a.d is in good a.reement with the mecha.ism of collisionless shock a.celera.ion(CSa..The spa.iotempora. evolution of the pla.ma.profile is cha.a.terized b. optica. sha.owgra.hy of a.prob. b.a..The refra.tion a.d a.sorption of this b.a. a.e simula.ed b. post-processing 3D hydrodyna.ic simula.ions of the pla.ma.ta.loring.Compa.ison with the experimenta. results a.lows estima.ion of the thickness a.d nea.-critica. density of the pla.ma.sla. produced b. ta.loring b.th sides of the ga. j.t.These pa.a.eters a.e in good a.reement with those required for CSa.

关键词： a.celera.ion hydrodyna.ic collision