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journal of Measurement Science and Instrumentation 2014年第3期5卷 83-86页

作者： K Masood T zafar j zafar H zafar Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Oncology (INMOL) Department of Economics Government College University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical EngineeringGovernment College University Tissue Optics & Microcirculation Imaging Research Group National University of Ireland

The dosimetric inter-comparison studies carry pertinent significance to ensure uniform radiation dose delivery for clinical trials. This paper investigates the comparative performance analysis of an X-ray high power linear accelerator per- formed by the International Dosimetry Survey Mission and Institute of Nuclear Medicine ＆ Oncology （INMOL）, Lahore. The measurements were made using cylindrical ionization chambers based on the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） TRS-398 protocol for absorbed dose-to-water dosimetric standards, and the percentage deviation was found to be between 0.5 % - 1%. The dosimetric analysis concerning linear X-ray accelerator output performed by INMOL, Lahore was found to be in good agreement with the results of IAEA Dosimtery Survey Mission.

关键词： X-ray linear accelerator dosimetric analysis absorbed chamber phantom

Recent Advances to Enhance Nutritional Quality of Rice

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Rice science 2023年第6期30卷 523-536页

作者： Sundus zafar XU jianlong School of Life Sciences Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureAgricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120China The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Institute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China

The nutritional quality of rice is a major concern,along with the need to enhance productivity to feed the continuously growing ***,there is a requirement to breed high-yielding rice varieties with improved nutritional quality that can help combat malnutrition,a global health ***,breeding approaches have played a significant role in increasing rice yield while enhancing its nutritional *** addition to traditional breeding techniques,other recent approaches,such as genetic engineering,gene editing,omics methods,and agronomic practices,must also be employed to meet the nutritional needs of the current *** this review,we offered detailed information on the development of nutritionally improved rice varieties through the enhancement of protein content,microand macronutrients,vitamins,and oil quality using genetic engineering *** also identified QTLs associated with amino acids,proteins,and micronutrients in ***,omics approaches provide a range of tools and techniques for effectively exploring resources and understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in trait *** branches,including transcriptomics,proteomics,ionomics,and metabolomics,are efficiently utilized for improving rice ***,by utilizing the information obtained from these techniques and incorporating all of these recent approaches,we can effectively modify the rice genome,directly enhancing the nutritional value of rice *** will help address the challenges of malnutrition in the years to come.

关键词： rice nutritional quality quantitative trait locus genetic engineering omics gene editing

Estimation of boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a stretching sheet: A revised model

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journal of Hydrodynamics 2016年第4期28卷 596-602页

作者： Naeema ISHFAQ zafar Hayat KHAN Waqar Ahmad KHAN Richard j.CULHAM School of Mathematical Sciences Peking University Department of Mathematics University of MalakandDir (Lower) Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering College of EngineeringMajmaah University Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Waterloo

The previous model for the boundary layer nanofluid flow past a stretching surface with a specified nanoparticle volume fraction on the surface is *** major limitation of the previous model is the active control of the nanoparticle volume fraction on the *** a revised model proposed in this paper,the nanoparticle volume fraction on the surface is passively controlled,which accounts for the effects of both the Brownian motion and the thermophoresis under the boundary condition,whereas the Buongiorno＇s model considers both effects in the governing *** assumption of zero nanoparticle flux on the surface makes the model physically more *** the revised model,the dimensionless heat transfer rates are found to be higher whereas the dimensionless mass transfer rates are identically zero due to the passive boundary *** is also found that the Brownian motion parameter has a negligible effect on the Nusselt number.

关键词： stretching Brownian dimensionless revised identically governing realistic physically electrically negligible

An efficient resource optimization scheme for D2D communication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2022年第6期8卷 1122-1129页

作者： Mohammad Haseeb zafar Imran Khan Madini O.Alassafi Faculty of Computing and IT King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Cardiff School of Technologies Cardiff Metropolitan UniversityCardiffUK Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar814Pakistan

With the rapid development of wireless technologies,wireless access networks have entered their Fifth-Generation(5G)system *** heterogeneous and complex nature of a 5G system,with its numerous technological scenarios,poses significant challenges to wireless resource management,making radio resource optimization an important aspect of Device-to-Device(D2D)communication in such *** D2D communication can improve spectrum efficiency,increase system capacity,and reduce base station communication burdens by sharing authorized cell resources;however,can also cause serious ***,research focusing on reducing this interference by optimizing the configuration of shared cellular resources has also grown in *** paper proposes a novel algorithm to address the problems of co-channel interference and energy efficiency optimization in a long-term evolution *** proposed algorithm uses the fuzzy clustering method,which employs minimum outage probability to divide D2D users into several groups in order to improve system throughput and reduce interference between *** efficient power control algorithm based on game theory is also proposed to optimize user transmission power within each group and thereby improve user energy *** results show that these proposed algorithms can effectively improve system throughput,reduce co-channel interference,and enhance energy efficiency.

关键词： Radio resource management Energy efficiency optimization Inter:face mitigation

A reliable, delay bounded and less complex communication protocol for multicluster FANETs

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Digital Communications and Networks 2017年第1期3卷 30-38页

作者： Wajiya zafar Bilal Muhammad Khan National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) Pakistan

Recently, Flying Ad-hoc Networks （FANETs）, enabling ad-hoc networking between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles （UAVs） is gaining importance in several military and civilian applications. The sensitivity of the applications requires adaptive; efficient; delay bounded and scalable communication network among UAVs for data transmission. Due to communication protocol complexity; rigidity; cost of commercial-off-the-shelf （COT） components; limited radio bandwidth; high mobility and computational resources; maintaining the desired level of Quality of Service （QoS） becomes a daunting task. For the first time in this research we propose multicluster FANETs for efficient network management; the proposed scheme considerably reduces commu- nication cost and optimizes network performance as well as exploit low power; less complex and low cost IEEE 802.15.4 （MAC） protocol for intercluster and intracluster communication. In this research both beacon enabled mode and beaconless modes have been investigated with Guaranteed Time Slots （GTS） and virtual Time Division Multiple Access （TDMA） respectively. The methodology plays a key role towards reserving bandwidth for latency critical applications; eliminate collisions and medium access delays. Moreover analysis ad-hoc routing protocols including two proactive （OLSR, DSDV） and one reactive （AODV） is also presented. The results shows that the proposed scheme guarantees high packet delivery ratios while maintaining acceptable levels of latency requirements comparable with more complex and dedieatedly designed protocols in literature.

关键词： FANETsIEEE 802.15.4ReliabilityLatency Multicluster

Using multivariate adaptive regression splines to develop relationship between rock quality designation and permeability

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journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第4期14卷 1180-1187页

作者： Mohsin Usman Qureshi zafar Mahmood Ali Murtaza Rasool Faculty of Engineering Sohar UniversitySoharOman University of Buraimi Al BuraimiOman National Engineering Services Pakistan Lahore54700Pakistan

The assessment of in situ permeability of rock mass is challenging for large-scale projects such as reservoirs created by dams,where water tightness issues are of prime *** in situ permeability is strongly related to the frequency and distribution of discontinuities in the rock mass and quantified by rock quality designation(RQD).This paper analyzes the data of hydraulic conductivity and discontinuities sampled at different depths during the borehole investigations in the limestone and sandstone formations for the construction of hydraulic structures in *** recovered from boreholes provide RQD data,and in situ Lugeon tests elucidate the permeability.A modern technique of multivariate adaptive regression splines(MARS)assisted in correlating permeability and RQD along with the *** situ permeability shows a declining trend with increasing RQD,and the depth of investigation is within 50 *** type of relationship can be developed based on detailed initial investigations at the site where the hydraulic conductivity of discontinuous rocks is required to be *** relationship can approximate the permeability by only measuring the RQD in later investigations on the same site,thus saving the time and cost of the site *** applicability of the relationship developed in this study to another location requires a lithological similarity of the rock mass that can be verified through preliminary investigation at the site.

关键词： In situ permeability Limestone Sandstone Lugeon Rock quality designation(RQD) Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS)

Laboratory scale studies on removal of chromium from industrial wastes

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 417-422页

作者： M.A.Baig Mohsin Mir Shazad Murtaza zafar I. Bhatti Institute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Science & Engineering National University of Science & Engineering Rawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi PakistanRawalpindi Pakistan

Chromium being one of the major toxic pollutants is discharged from electroplating and chrome tanning processes and is also found in the effluents of dyes, paint pigments, manufacturing units etc. Chromium exists in aqueous systems in both trivalent (Cr 3+) and hexavalent (Cr 6+) forms. The hexavalent form is carcinogenic and toxic to aquatic life, whereas Cr 3+ is however comparatively less toxic. This study was undertaken to investigate the total chromium removal from industrial effluents by chemical means in order to achieve the Pakistan NEQS level of 1 mg/L by the methods of reduction and precipitation. The study was conducted in four phases. In phase Ⅰ, the optimum pH and cost effective reducing agent among the four popular commercial chemicals was selected. As a result, pH of 2 was found to be most suitable and sodium meta bisulfate was found to be the most cost effective reducing agent respectively. Phase Ⅱ showed that lower dose of sodium meta bisulfate was sufficient to obtain 100 % efficiency in reducing Cr 6+ to Cr 3+, and it was noted that reaction time had no significance in the whole process. A design curve for reduction process was established which can act as a tool for treatment of industrial effluents. Phase Ⅲ studies indicated the best pH was 8.5 for precipitation of Cr 3+ to chromium hydroxide by using lime. An efficiency of 100 % was achievable and a settling time of 30 minutes produced clear effluent. Finally in Phase Ⅳ actual waste samples from chrome tanning and electroplating industries, when precipitated at pH of 12 gave 100 % efficiency at a settling time of 30 minutes and confirmed that chemical means of reduction and precipitation is a feasible and viable solution for treating chromium wastes from industries.

关键词： tannery waste effluents reduction precipitation efficiency chromium

Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.: A vegetable with diverse pharmacological properties

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2018年第1期7卷 34-48页

作者： Mahia Khandaker Saleha Akter Mohammad zafar Imam Department of Biotechnology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural UniversitySalnaGazipur 1706Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy Primeasia UniversityHBR Tower9 BananiDhaka 1213Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy Stamford University Bangladesh51 Siddeswari RoadDhaka 1217Bangladesh

Trichosanthes dioica *** a climber of the Cucurbitaceae family mainly found in tropical *** fruit is widely consumed as a vegetable and different parts of this plant are used in the traditional medicine to treat various types of human *** this review,we critically analyzed and presented the scientific studies on *** available in three electronic databases ***,Web of Science and Google *** aim was to find the scientific basis of the traditional use to understand the plant’s potential in *** have found promising antihyperglycemic,antihyperlipidemic,antitumor,cytotoxic,arsenic poisoning ameliorative,anti-inflammatory,antidiarrheal,and varieties of pharmacological activities of *** types of bioactive compounds have been identified and isolated from *** including peptides namely trichosanthin and lectin;a number of triterpenes like cucurbitacin B,euphol,α-amyrin,-amyrin,lupeol,taraxerol,betulin,and karounidiol;sterols,steroidal saponin,tannin,flavonoids *** contains a number of well-known bioactive phytochemicals and the plant has shown an array of pharmacological activities in *** review will expand our understanding of the therapeutic potential of *** and their phytochemical basis which may help in further research on this species.

关键词： Trichosanthes dioica Pointed gourd Cucurbitaceae Ethnomedicine Ethnopharmacology

New solitary wave and other exact solutions of the van der Waals normal form for granular materials

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journal of Ocean Engineering and Science 2022年第2期7卷 170-177页

作者： Asim zafar Tahir Mushtaq Aslam Malik Ahmet Bekir Department of Mathematics COMSATS University IslamabadVehari CampusPakistan Department of Mathematics University of the PunjabLahorePakistan Neighbourhood of Akcaglan Imarli StreetNumber:28/426030EskisehirTurkey

The investigation of exact solitary wave solutions to the nonlinear partial differential equation plays an important role to understand any physical phenomena in diverse applied *** current work is re-lated to the most prominent nonlinear model named as the van der Waals normal form that appeared naturally and also industrially for the granular *** oceanography,the sea ice,sand and snow are some examples of aforesaid matter among *** employ two novel integration approaches named as the simplest equation method and the exp a function method to explore the above mentioned van der Waals *** a backlash,many new solitary waves and other exact solutions are *** ob-tained results depict that the used approaches are simple and effective to deal with nonlinear ***,the numerical simulation of some solutions via two and three dimension graphical configurations are presented for certainty and exactness.

关键词： Van der Waals equation Novel integration schemes Solitary wave solutions

Combining PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 images with environmental data for improved wheat yield estimation

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International journal of Digital Earth 2023年第1期16卷 847-867页

作者： Nizom Farmonov Khilola Amankulova józsef Szatmári jamol Urinov zafar Narmanov jakhongir Nosirov LászlóMucsi Department of Geoinformatics Physical and Environmental GeographyUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers National Research UniversityTashkentUzbekistan Department of Land resources Cadastre and GeoinformaticsKarshi Institute of Irrigation and Agrotechnology“TIIAME”National Research UniversityKarshiUzbekistan Soil Science Department of the Kashkadarya Region regional division of the Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemical Research KarshiUzbekistan

Satellite images are widely used for crop yield estimation,but their coarse spatial resolution means that they often fail to provide detailed information at thefield ***,a new generation of high-resolution satellites and CubeSat platforms has been *** this study,satellite data sources including PlanetScope and Sentinel-2 were combined with topographic and climatic variables,and the improvement in wheat yield estimation was *** yield data from a combine harvester were used to train and validate a yield estimation model based on random forest *** vegetation indices(NDVI,GNDVI,MSAVI2,MTVI2,MTCI,reNDVI,SAVI,EVI and WDVI)and spectral bands were *** the model training,the Sentinel-2 data realized a slightly higher estimation accuracy than the PlanetScope ***,combining environmental data with the PlanetScope data realized the highest estimation *** the validated models,adding the topographic and climatic datasets to the satellite data sources improved the estimation accuracy,and the results were slightly better with the Sentinel-2 data than with the PlanetScope *** data of the milk and dough stages provided the highest estimation accuracy of the wheat yield at 210–225 days after sowing.

关键词： Remote sensing BBCH-scale MSAVI2 PlanetScope random forest