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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 217-235页

作者： Joan Masó ivette serral Cristina Domingo-Marimon Alaitz Zabala CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain Dept.Geografia Grumets Research GroupEdifici B.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain

In recent years,researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers,States,Impacts and Responses of a given discipline.In some cases,different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables(EVs),such as for Climate,Biodiversity or Oceans.The definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension(e.g.EVs for water)although some communities have not even started(e.***.agriculture and energy).This paper characterizes the Earth Observation(EO)networks and creates a graph representation of their relations.Secondly,this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge base.Finally,an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the EO.An analysis to detect gaps in EO variables due to a lack of observational networks is performed.Several suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed,as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new EO based indicators.The complete graph is available in the ENEON website(http://***/graphev-sdg/).

关键词： Gap analysis policy monitoring essential variables earth observation

GEOEssential–mainstreaming workflows from data sources to environment policy indicators with essential variables

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 322-338页

作者： Anthony Lehmann Stefano Nativi Paolo Mazzetti Joan Maso ivette serral Daniel Spengler Aidin Niamir Ian McCallum Pierre Lacroix Petros Patias Denisa Rodila Nicolas Ray Grégory Giuliani enviroSPACE Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Dpt.F.-A.Forel for Environment and Water Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland National Research Council of Italy–Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy CREAF Grumets research group CREAF.Edifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Remote Sensing Section Helmholtz Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Center for GeosciencesPotsdamGermany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt am MainGermany International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis LaxenburgAustria GRID-Geneva Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland School of Surveying Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece GeoHealth Group Institute of Global HealthFaculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

When defining indicators on the environment,the use of existing initiatives should be a priority rather than redefining indicators each time.From an Information,Communication and Technology perspective,data interoperability and standardization are critical to improve data access and exchange as promoted by the Group on Earth Observations.GEOEssential is following an end-user driven approach by defining Essential Variables(EVs),as an intermediate value between environmental policy indicators and their appropriate data sources.From international to local scales,environmental policies and indicators are increasingly percolating down from the global to the local agendas.The scientific business processes for the generation of EVs and related indicators can be formalized in workflows specifying the necessary logical steps.To this aim,GEOEssential is developing a Virtual Laboratory the main objective of which is to instantiate conceptual workflows,which are stored in a dedicated knowledge base,generating executable workflows.To interpret and present the relevant outputs/results carried out by the different thematic workflows considered in GEOEssential(i.***.biodiversity,ecosystems,extractives,night light,and food-water-energy nexus),a Dashboard is built as a visual front-end.This is a valuable instrument to track progresses towards environmental policies.

关键词： SDGs environmental policies essential variables earth observation knowledge base workflows virtual research environment

Developing food,water and energy nexus workflows

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 299-308页

作者： Ian McCallum Carsten Montzka Bagher Bayat Stefan Kollet Andrii Kolotii Nataliia Kussul Mykola Lavreniuk Anthony Lehmann Joan Maso Paolo Mazzetti Aline Mosnier Emma Perracchione Mario Putti Mattia Santoro ivette serral Leonid Shumilo Daniel Spengler Steffen Fritza IIASA LaxenburgAustria FZJ Forschungszentrum Juelich GmbHJuelichGermany SRI Space Research InstituteKievUkraine KPI National Technical University of UkraineIgor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic InstituteKievUkraine Institute of Environmental Sciences UNIGEUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland CREAF BarcelonaSpain CNR National Research Council of ItalyFlorenceItaly Department of Mathematics UNIPDUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly GFZ Helmholtz Centre PotsdamPotsdamGermany

There is a growing recognition of the interdependencies among the supply systems that rely upon food,water and energy.Billions of people lack safe and sufficient access to these systems,coupled with a rapidly growing global demand and increasing resource constraints.Modeling frameworks are considered one of the few means available to understand the complex interrelationships among the sectors,however development of nexus related frameworks has been limited.We describe three opensource models well known in their respective domains(i.e.TerrSysMP,WOFOST and SWAT)where components of each if combined could help decision-makers address the nexus issue.We propose as a first step the development of simple workflows utilizing essential variables and addressing components of the above-mentioned models which can act as building-blocks to be used ultimately in a comprehensive nexus model framework.The outputs of the workflows and the model framework are designed to address the SDGs.

关键词： Food water energy nexus modeling workflows modelframework essential variables SDGs

Camalote Grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd) as a Sustainable Raw Material for the Production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2024年第2期14卷 23-33页

作者： María Luz May-Reyes Cintya Valerio-Cárdenas Gloria ivette Bolio-López Manuel Mateo Hernández-Villegas Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Carmona Patricia De la Cruz-Burelo Research and Postgraduate Coordination Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa Crdenas Tabasco Mexico

The current trend of replacing a percentage of gasoline with ethanol has promoted the development of new processes for its production from lignocellulosic biomass. This work reports the production of ethanol from the Camalote grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd). The lignocellulosic biomass was subjected to acid hydrolysis at 125C and 15 psi with H2SO4 concentrations at 5%, 10%, and 20%, obtaining an average of reducing sugars (pentoses and hexoses) from the hydrolyzed juice with 12.3%, 10%, and 17% Brix, respectively. The sugars were fermented using yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30C for 48 hours. Finally, the ethanol was distilled at 78C, and the average yields were obtained through analysis of variance with a 95% confidence level. The values indicate that there is a significant difference (p > 0.05), the Tukey study shows that all the % v/v averages are different from each other. For H2SO4 concentration at 5% (10.33 ± 2), H2SO4 at 10% (9.33 ± 1.8), and H2SO4 at 20% (6.33 ± 2). The acidity analysis for the ethanol obtained from each treatment gave a value of 1.8 mg/L of acetic acid in all cases.

关键词： Lignocellulosic Ethanol Lignocellulosic Biomass Camalote Grass Acid Hydrolysis Energy Crops

The Beneficial Effects of Components of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in the Poultry Industry

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 27-57页

作者： Alejandra Meza-Rios Gilberto Velazquez-Juarez Inkar Castellanos-Huerta Rocio ivette Lopez-Roa Luis A. Anguiano-Sevilla Xochitl Hernanez-Velasco Xochitl Hernanez-Velasco Saeed El-Ashram Ebtsam Al-Olayan Billy Hargis Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Adelaida Sara Minia Zepeda-Morales Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Blvd. M. García Barragán Guadalajara México Laboratorio de Análisis Fisicoquímicos Externos Departamento de Química CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México Center of Excellence for Poultry Science Department of Poultry Science Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural Food and Life Sciences University of Arkansas Cumberland United States Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia UNAM Mexico Mexico Zoology Department Faculty of Science Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El-Sheikh Egypt Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos y Bacteriológicos (vinculación) Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México

Plant-based antimicrobial agents are readily available, cost-effective, and exhibit low toxicity, making them promising alternatives in combatting microbial infections. Among these plants, garlic (Allium sativum) stands out for its traditional medicinal use in effectively combating various microorganisms. In the poultry industry, preventing avian virus and bacterial infections is paramount for chicken husbandry. However, using conventional drugs poses potential risks to human health. Garlic, a widely used Asian plant in traditional medicine for various pathologies, has shown potential as an herbal prophylactic remedy against viral and bacterial infections. Recently, researchers explored garlic and its derivatives as a scientific strategy in veterinary practices for diverse purposes, such as improving poultry production characteristics and acting as antibiotic growth promoters. This comprehensive review delves into garlic and its derivatives as preventive and corrective treatments for viral diseases in laying hens and broilers. The paper highlights their potential effectiveness and safety as a natural means to enhance poultry health and welfare while mitigating the risks associated with conventional drug usage in the food industry.

关键词： Garlic Antiviral Veterinary Chickens Allium sativum

Open Cows in a Beef Cattle Enterprise Managed in a Seasonal Breeding Program? An Appraisal of Their Reproductive Performance Based on Body Fat Reserves

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2022年第5期12卷 37-48页

作者： José Francisco Martínez Pablo Ortiz Carlos Salvador Galina Manuel Corro ivette Rubio Libia Pérez-Torres Departamento de Reproducción Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México Centro de Enseñ anza Investigación y Extensión en Ganadería Tropical Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Tlapacoyan México Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas Ciudad Victoria México

A comparison between two distinct levels of back fat thickness in open cows, females not becoming pregnant during the previous breeding season, was carried out in order to evaluate their reproductive performance prior to the next natural mating in a seasonal breeding program. Thirty open cows from the previous breeding season were divided evenly by age and back fat thickness (BFT) in two groups. HBFT (high back fat thickness ≥ 70 mm) and LBFT (low back fat thickness ≤ 70 mm), values statistically different between groups (P < 0.05). The study was divided into three phases in which the formation of CL and follicular dynamics were recorded by ultrasound and progesterone. Also, serial monitoring of glucose, urea and triglycerides and back fat thickness were studied. A fertile bull previously approved from a breeding soundness evaluation was introduced after the third phase and remained with the herd for 90 days. No differences were found in the follicular dynamics;the number of animals cycling in the two groups and fertility were also similar (80%). Differences in urea and triglycerides were found in cows with high scores of BFT. In conclusion, the decision of keeping open cows to the next breeding season must be based on an economical advantage to the farmer.

关键词： Back Fat Thickness Corpus Luteum Follicular Dynamics Tropics Zebu Cattle

Aboveground biomass allometric equations and distribution of carbon stocks of the African oak(Afzelia africana Sm.)in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1699-1711页

作者： Larba Hubert Balima Blandine Marie ivette Nacoulma Philippe Bayen Kangbeni Dimobe Franc¸ois N’Guessan Kouame Adjima Thiombiano West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and BiodiversityUFR BiosciencesUniversity Felix Houphouet BoignyB.P.165Abidjan 31Cote d’Ivoire Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Laboratory of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity Ouaga 1Pr.Joseph Ki-Zerbo03 B.P.7021Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology Department of BotanyUniversity of LomeB.P.1515LomeTogo

The significant role of tropical forest ecosystems in the global carbon budget has increased the need for accurate estimates of tropical forest biomass.The lack of large-scale biomass allometric equations hampers the understanding of the spatial distribution of tree biomass and carbon stocks and their influencing factors in West Africa.This study aimed to develop allometric equations to estimate aboveground biomass of African oak(Afzelia africana Sm.)in Burkina Faso and to analyze factors affecting the variability of tree biomass and carbon storage.Sixty individual trees were destructively sampled in four protected areas along two climatic zones.In each climatic zone,log–log models were tested and fitted to each aboveground biomass component and to the total aboveground biomass.Carbon content in tree aboveground components was evaluated using the ash method.All validated equations showed good fit and performance with high explained variance.Allometric equations differed between the Sudano-sahelian zone and the Sudanian zone,except for leaf biomass equations.Both biomass allocation and carbon content varied significantly between tree components but not between climatic zones.Carbon content in tree components followed the patterns of biomass allocation with branches accounting for the highest proportion.In the two climatic zones,carbon contents were 50.18–52.62%for leaves,54.78–54.94%for stems and 54.96–55.99%for branches.Dry biomass ranged from 509.05 to 765.56 kg tree^-1 at site level and from 620.21 to 624.48 kg tree^-1 along climatic zones.Carbon content varied from 53.90%in the Sudano-sahelian zone to 54.39%in the Sudanian zone.This study indicated that climate does not influence aboveground biomass production and carbon sequestration of Afzelia africana along the Sudanosahelian and the Sudanian climatic zones of Burkina Faso.Future studies on climate–growth relationships should contribute to better understanding climate effects on biomass production and carbon storage.

关键词： African mahogany Biomass allometry Carbon storage Climatic gradient West Africa

Key genes and drug delivery systems to improve the efficiency of chemotherapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 163-191页

作者： Zally Torres-Martinez Yamixa Delgado Yancy Ferrer-Acosta ivette J Suarez-Arroyo Freisa M.Joaquin-Ovalle Louis J.Delinois Kai Griebenow Chemistry Department University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras campusSan JuanPR 00936USA Biochemistry&Pharmacology Department San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguasPR 00726USA Neuroscience Department Universidad Central del CaribeBayamonPR 00956USA Biochemistry Department Universidad Central del CaribeBayamonPR 00956USA

Cancer cells can develop resistance to anticancer drugs,thereby becoming tolerant to treatment through different mechanisms.The biological mechanisms leading to the generation of anticancer treatment resistance include alterations in transmembrane proteins,DNA damage and repair mechanisms,alterations in target molecules,and genetic responses,among others.The most common anti-cancer drugs reported to develop resistance to cancer cells include cisplatin,doxorubicin,paclitaxel,and fluorouracil.These anticancer drugs have different mechanisms of action,and specific cancer types can be affected by different genes.The development of drug resistance is a cellular response which uses differential gene expression,to enable adaptation and survival of the cell to diverse threatening environmental agents.In this review,we briefly look at the key regulatory genes,their expression,as well as the responses and regulation of cancer cells when exposed to anticancer drugs,along with the incorporation of alternative nanocarriers as treatments to overcome anticancer drug resistance.

关键词： Cancer resistance drug delivery systems resistance genes

Phytodiversity and Vulnerability of Protected Areas in Burkina Faso: Case of Péni Classified Forest

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第12期10卷 204-223页

作者： Nebnoma Romaric Tiendrébeogo Paulin Ouoba Brigitte Bastide Yempabou Hermann Ouoba Blandine Marie ivette Nacoulma Irénée Somda Bismarck Hassan Nacro Issiaka Joseph Boussim Natural and Agronomy Sciences Doctoral School Nazi BONI University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research Farako-Ba Station Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratory of Natural Systems Agrosystems and Environmental Engineering Institute of Rural Development Nazi BONI University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Training and Research Unit in Life and Earth Sciences Nazi BONI University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratory of Plant Biology and Ecology Training and Research Unit in Life and Earth Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratory of Study and Research on Soil Fertility Nazi BONI University Institute of Rural Development Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Joseph KI-ZERBO University University Center of Ziniaré Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Protected areas contain most of Burkina Faso’s plant biodiversity which confer different benefits for the communities. However, the composition of some of them remains unknown. In a context of overexploitation and climate change, it is important to have a detailed knowledge of the vegetation of forests that have not been studied, such as Péni Classified Forest (PCF) to develop better preservation protocols. The aim of this study is to contribute to the knowledge of the flora of Burkina Faso. Phytosociological surveys were carried out in 213 plots, have identified 475 species distributed in 321 genera and 87 families. We identified during this study 201 woody species representing 38% of the woody flora of Burkina Faso. 64% of this flora is confined to shrub savannahs and 61% to tree savannahs. Among the vegetation units, shrub savannahs and tree savannahs have respectively 56.21% and 44.67% of very rare species. Poaceae (11.90%), Fabaceae-Faboideae (11.27%) and Rubiaceae (6.26%) are the most dominant families. The dominant biological types of the flora are phanerophytes (42.32%) and therophytes (30.32%), and Sudanian species (20.63%) are the best represented. Logging is the most frequent disturbance factor (100%) in the PCF. The PCF is a particular ecosystem with a great diversity but subject to many disturbances. Actions to strengthen its protection are necessary.

关键词： Biodiversity Ecology Anthropic Pressures Classified Forests Burkina Faso

Assessing the Impacts of Variable Input Costs on Maize Production in Cameroon

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第11期11卷 1095-1108页

作者： Elise Stephanie Mvodo Meyo ivette Mbey Egoh Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Foundation for Entrepreneurship Research and Development (FERD) Akonolinga Cameroon

Agricultural inputs are necessities in a production process just as food is a necessity for human survival. Production comes with the use of inputs. The cultivation of maize in Cameroon is predominantly dominated by smallholder farmers who use traditional methods and face drudgery. The current production level of maize in the country is declining and to meet consumption requirements, huge quantities of the commodity are imported. This study questions the impacts of variable input costs on maize production. Inputs are building blocks of production costs;it is therefore important for maize farmers to be alerted on the effective use of farm inputs in order to obtain higher returns. Data were collected with the use of a structured questionnaire. They were analysed using descriptive statistics and OLS Regression techniques. Results show that on average per hectare, each maize farmer spends USD10.12 on seeds, USD28.90 on fertilizer, USD8.90 on labour, and USD13.28 on herbicides. The regression results show that estimated coefficients of unit costs of fertilizer, herbicides and labour were negative but insignificant while land and hybrid seeds were positive. Input subsidy is recommended as a policy instrument to lower prices paid by farmers.

关键词： Inputs Maize Production Costs Cameroon