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In-Vitro Evaluation of Resistance to Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans Mont. De Bary.) in Solanum Accessions Native to Chile, by Inoculation of Detached Leaflets

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 581-589页

作者： Jaime Solano ivette acuña Jean-Eric Chauvin Philippe Brabant Catholic University of Temuco Faculty of Natural Resources School of Agriculture Temuco Chile Agricultural Research Institute (INIA) CRI-Remehue Osorno Chile Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) UMR 1349 IGEPP INRA Agrocampus Ouest Université Rennes. 1 Keraiber Ploudaniel France AgroParisTech UMR 320 Gif sur Yvette France

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the resistance of 10 accessions to P. infestans, by in-vitro inoculation of detached leaflets with a complex isolation of the fungus. Late blight, caused by the fungus Phytophthora infestans Mont. De Bary, is one of the most important diseases of the potato crop, and can destroy complete plantations in a short space of time. Chile is considered as a sub-centre of the origin of cultivated potatoes with many native potato varieties in the country. The different resistance components demonstrated that within the material of Chilean native Solanum, there was a wide range of variation to late blight. The resistant control (R-8906384) and the accessions UCT-34-Cor presented the lowest infection efficiency, small sizes of the lesions and low levels of sporulation classifying them as the most resistant. This suggests low efficiency of the infection and high resistance to penetration in these materials. The more susceptible accessions often presented a good level of resistance for one or few components. It would be of great interest to go into the genetic control of the different resistance components to know if the same level of resistance expressed for a component by different accessions is under the same genetic control or not.

关键词： Late Blight Resistance Potato Germplasm Genetic Variability

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Camalote Grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd) as a Sustainable Raw Material for the Production of Lignocellulosic Ethanol

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2024年第2期14卷 23-33页

作者： María Luz May-Reyes Cintya Valerio-Cárdenas Gloria ivette Bolio-López Manuel Mateo Hernández-Villegas Miguel Ángel Velázquez-Carmona Patricia De la Cruz-Burelo Research and Postgraduate Coordination Universidad Popular de la Chontalpa Crdenas Tabasco Mexico

The current trend of replacing a percentage of gasoline with ethanol has promoted the development of new processes for its production from lignocellulosic biomass. This work reports the production of ethanol from the Camalote grass (Paspalum fasciculatum Willd). The lignocellulosic biomass was subjected to acid hydrolysis at 125C and 15 psi with H2SO4 concentrations at 5%, 10%, and 20%, obtaining an average of reducing sugars (pentoses and hexoses) from the hydrolyzed juice with 12.3%, 10%, and 17% Brix, respectively. The sugars were fermented using yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 30C for 48 hours. Finally, the ethanol was distilled at 78C, and the average yields were obtained through analysis of variance with a 95% confidence level. The values indicate that there is a significant difference (p > 0.05), the Tukey study shows that all the % v/v averages are different from each other. For H2SO4 concentration at 5% (10.33 ± 2), H2SO4 at 10% (9.33 ± 1.8), and H2SO4 at 20% (6.33 ± 2). The acidity analysis for the ethanol obtained from each treatment gave a value of 1.8 mg/L of acetic acid in all cases.

关键词： Lignocellulosic Ethanol Lignocellulosic Biomass Camalote Grass Acid Hydrolysis Energy Crops

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The Beneficial Effects of Components of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) in the Poultry Industry

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 27-57页

作者： Alejandra Meza-Rios Gilberto Velazquez-Juarez Inkar Castellanos-Huerta Rocio ivette Lopez-Roa Luis A. Anguiano-Sevilla Xochitl Hernanez-Velasco Xochitl Hernanez-Velasco Saeed El-Ashram Ebtsam Al-Olayan Billy Hargis Guillermo Tellez-Isaias Adelaida Sara Minia Zepeda-Morales Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Blvd. M. García Barragán Guadalajara México Laboratorio de Análisis Fisicoquímicos Externos Departamento de Química CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México Center of Excellence for Poultry Science Department of Poultry Science Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural Food and Life Sciences University of Arkansas Cumberland United States Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México Departamento de Medicina y Zootecnia de Aves Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia UNAM Mexico Mexico Zoology Department Faculty of Science Kafrelsheikh University Kafr El-Sheikh Egypt Department of Zoology College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Laboratorio de Análisis Clínicos y Bacteriológicos (vinculación) Departamento de Farmacobiología CUCEI Universidad de Guadalajara Boulevard Marcelino García Barragán Guadalajara México

Plant-based antimicrobial agents are readily available, cost-effective, and exhibit low toxicity, making them promising alternatives in combatting microbial infections. Among these plants, garlic (Allium sativum) stands out for its traditional medicinal use in effectively combating various microorganisms. In the poultry industry, preventing avian virus and bacterial infections is paramount for chicken husbandry. However, using conventional drugs poses potential risks to human health. Garlic, a widely used Asian plant in traditional medicine for various pathologies, has shown potential as an herbal prophylactic remedy against viral and bacterial infections. Recently, researchers explored garlic and its derivatives as a scientific strategy in veterinary practices for diverse purposes, such as improving poultry production characteristics and acting as antibiotic growth promoters. This comprehensive review delves into garlic and its derivatives as preventive and corrective treatments for viral diseases in laying hens and broilers. The paper highlights their potential effectiveness and safety as a natural means to enhance poultry health and welfare while mitigating the risks associated with conventional drug usage in the food industry.

关键词： Garlic Antiviral Veterinary Chickens Allium sativum

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Earth observations for sustainable development goals monitoring based on essential variables and driver-pressure-state-impactresponse indicators

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 217-235页

作者： Joan Masó ivette Serral Cristina Domingo-Marimon Alaitz Zabala CREAF Grumets Research Group CREAFEdifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain Dept.Geografia Grumets Research GroupEdifici B.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraCataloniaSpain

In recent years,researchers of different communities have increased their efforts in formalizing a set of measurements regularly collected for analysing changes in Drivers,States,Impacts and Responses of a given *** some cases,different actors have converged in a minimum set of Essential Variables(EVs),such as for Climate,Biodiversity or *** definition of such EVs is an ongoing evolution and in extension(*** for water)although some communities have not even started(*** and energy).This paper characterizes the Earth Observation(EO)networks and creates a graph representation of their ***,this graph is enriched with the EVs produced by each network creating a knowledge ***,an effort has been done to identify links between EVs and Sustainable Development Goals(SDG)indicators in a way that they indirectly connect the *** analysis to detect gaps in EO variables due to a lack of observational networks is *** suggestions for improving SDG indicators framework by considering EVs are exposed,as well as proposing new necessary EVs and suggesting new EO based *** complete graph is available in the ENEON website(http://***/graphev-sdg/).

关键词： Gap analysis policy monitoring essential variables earth observation

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Aboveground biomass allometric equations and distribution of carbon stocks of the African oak(Afzelia africana Sm.)in Burkina Faso

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第5期31卷 1699-1711页

作者： Larba Hubert Balima Blandine Marie ivette Nacoulma Philippe Bayen Kangbeni Dimobe Franc¸ois N’Guessan Kouame Adjima Thiombiano West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use(WASCAL) Graduate Research Program on Climate Change and BiodiversityUFR BiosciencesUniversity Felix Houphouet BoignyB.P.165Abidjan 31Cote d’Ivoire Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Laboratory of Plant Biology and EcologyUniversity Ouaga 1Pr.Joseph Ki-Zerbo03 B.P.7021Ouagadougou 03Burkina Faso Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology Department of BotanyUniversity of LomeB.P.1515LomeTogo

The significant role of tropical forest ecosystems in the global carbon budget has increased the need for accurate estimates of tropical forest *** lack of large-scale biomass allometric equations hampers the understanding of the spatial distribution of tree biomass and carbon stocks and their influencing factors in West *** study aimed to develop allometric equations to estimate aboveground biomass of African oak(Afzelia africana Sm.)in Burkina Faso and to analyze factors affecting the variability of tree biomass and carbon *** individual trees were destructively sampled in four protected areas along two climatic *** each climatic zone,log–log models were tested and fitted to each aboveground biomass component and to the total aboveground *** content in tree aboveground components was evaluated using the ash *** validated equations showed good fit and performance with high explained *** equations differed between the Sudano-sahelian zone and the Sudanian zone,except for leaf biomass *** biomass allocation and carbon content varied significantly between tree components but not between climatic *** content in tree components followed the patterns of biomass allocation with branches accounting for the highest *** the two climatic zones,carbon contents were 50.18–52.62%for leaves,54.78–54.94%for stems and 54.96–55.99%for *** biomass ranged from 509.05 to 765.56 kg tree^-1 at site level and from 620.21 to 624.48 kg tree^-1 along climatic *** content varied from 53.90%in the Sudano-sahelian zone to 54.39%in the Sudanian *** study indicated that climate does not influence aboveground biomass production and carbon sequestration of Afzelia africana along the Sudanosahelian and the Sudanian climatic zones of Burkina *** studies on climate–growth relationships should contribute to better understanding climate effects on biomass production and carbon s

关键词： African mahogany Biomass allometry Carbon storage Climatic gradient West Africa

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Assessing the Impacts of Variable Input Costs on Maize Production in Cameroon

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第11期11卷 1095-1108页

作者： Elise Stephanie Mvodo Meyo ivette Mbey Egoh Department of Agricultural Economics and Agribusiness Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea Cameroon Foundation for Entrepreneurship Research and Development (FERD) Akonolinga Cameroon

Agricultural inputs are necessities in a production process just as food is a necessity for human survival. Production comes with the use of inputs. The cultivation of maize in Cameroon is predominantly dominated by smallholder farmers who use traditional methods and face drudgery. The current production level of maize in the country is declining and to meet consumption requirements, huge quantities of the commodity are imported. This study questions the impacts of variable input costs on maize production. Inputs are building blocks of production costs;it is therefore important for maize farmers to be alerted on the effective use of farm inputs in order to obtain higher returns. Data were collected with the use of a structured questionnaire. They were analysed using descriptive statistics and OLS Regression techniques. Results show that on average per hectare, each maize farmer spends USD10.12 on seeds, USD28.90 on fertilizer, USD8.90 on labour, and USD13.28 on herbicides. The regression results show that estimated coefficients of unit costs of fertilizer, herbicides and labour were negative but insignificant while land and hybrid seeds were positive. Input subsidy is recommended as a policy instrument to lower prices paid by farmers.

关键词： Inputs Maize Production Costs Cameroon

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EEG Correlations during a Working Memory Task with Emotional Stimuli in Girls with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Secondary to Sexual Abuse

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2016年第12期6卷 509-529页

作者： Araceli Sanz-Martin ivette Calderón-Zepeda Instituto de Neurociencias Universidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Jalisco México

Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) can develop Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), alterations in the prefrontal cortex, changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, and lower performance on working memory tasks. The aim of this study was to characterize brain electrical correlations in girls with PTSD secondary to CSA during a working memory task based on recognizing emotional facial stimuli. Girls aged 8 - 16 years old were evaluated: 12 with PTSD secondary to CSA, and 12 healthy girls with no history of abuse. EEG activity during a working memory task with emotional stimuli was recorded, and the inter- and intra-hemispheric correlations that assessed the functional connectivity among different cortical regions were analyzed. The PTSD group showed lower performance than controls on the working memory task while watching happy faces, while the EEG of this group showed greater intrahemispheric correlation among frontal areas and between frontal and posterior cortical regions. Also, the PTSD group had lower interhemispheric correlations between posterior temporal areas. The higher intrahemispheric correlation in the PTSD group could indicate that those girls used more brain areas when performing the task, likely because it required greater effort. The lower inter-posterior temporal correlation could be attributed to a reduction of the corpus callosum.

关键词： Child Sexual Abuse PTSD Working Memory Emotional Stimuli EEG Correlation Early Stress

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GEOEssential–mainstreaming workflows from data sources to environment policy indicators with essential variables

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第2期13卷 322-338页

作者： Anthony Lehmann Stefano Nativi Paolo Mazzetti Joan Maso ivette Serral Daniel Spengler Aidin Niamir Ian McCallum Pierre Lacroix Petros Patias Denisa Rodila Nicolas Ray Grégory Giuliani enviroSPACE Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Dpt.F.-A.Forel for Environment and Water Sciences Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland National Research Council of Italy–Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research Sesto Fiorentino(FI)Italy CREAF Grumets research group CREAF.Edifici C.Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Remote Sensing Section Helmholtz Center Potsdam GFZ German Research Center for GeosciencesPotsdamGermany Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Institute Senckenberg Gesellschaft für NaturforschungFrankfurt am MainGermany International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis LaxenburgAustria GRID-Geneva Institute for Environmental SciencesUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland School of Surveying Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece GeoHealth Group Institute of Global HealthFaculty of MedicineUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland

When defining indicators on the environment,the use of existing initiatives should be a priority rather than redefining indicators each *** an Information,Communication and Technology perspective,data interoperability and standardization are critical to improve data access and exchange as promoted by the Group on Earth *** is following an end-user driven approach by defining Essential Variables(EVs),as an intermediate value between environmental policy indicators and their appropriate data *** international to local scales,environmental policies and indicators are increasingly percolating down from the global to the local *** scientific business processes for the generation of EVs and related indicators can be formalized in workflows specifying the necessary logical *** this aim,GEOEssential is developing a Virtual Laboratory the main objective of which is to instantiate conceptual workflows,which are stored in a dedicated knowledge base,generating executable *** interpret and present the relevant outputs/results carried out by the different thematic workflows considered in GEOEssential(***,ecosystems,extractives,night light,and food-water-energy nexus),a Dashboard is built as a visual *** is a valuable instrument to track progresses towards environmental policies.

关键词： SDGs environmental policies essential variables earth observation knowledge base workflows virtual research environment

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Introduction, Collection and Characterization of Lotus spp. Germplasm in Chile

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第4期1卷 533-552页

作者： Hernan acufia Fernando Ortega ivette Seguel Leticia Barrientos National Institute for Agricultural Research INIA Casilla 426 Chill6n Chile

The information related with results of a project on germplasm characterization of three Lotus species, important as forage plants, curried out in five environments of the central-southern zone of Chile, was reviewed. An evaluation was made of 12 L. corniculatus cultivars introduced from different parts of the world, as well as germplasm naturalized in Chile, being 11 accessions of L. tenuis and 21 accessions ofL. uliginosus collected from 33°S to 38°S and 38°S to 45°S, respectively. Phenological, morphological, and agronomical characters were evaluated. Nitrogen fixation in field conditions and concentrations of condensed tannins in herbage were also included. It is concluded that there are cultivars of high value in L. corniculatus introduced germplasm which can be recommended for different environments of the central zone of Chile, as well as for local species breeding programmes. Information obtained from L. tenuis and L. uliginosus accessions shows genetic variability within both species. L. tenuis germplasm is adapted to clay, medium-textured, or sandy soils with water restrictions and phosphorous deficiency. Therefore, characterized accessions could be used to breed cultivars for low input production systems in constrained environments. L. uliginosus accessions include genotypes collected in sites with acid soils and variable tannin content in plant tissues that may be promissory genetic materials for breeding programmes with the objective of producing cultivars for animal production systems for the wet and acid soils in the southern zone of the country.

关键词： L. corniculatus L. tenuis L. uliginosus DM production N-fixation condensed tannins.

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Key genes and drug delivery systems to improve the efficiency of chemotherapy

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Cancer Drug Resistance 2021年第1期4卷 163-191页

作者： Zally Torres-Martinez Yamixa Delgado Yancy Ferrer-Acosta ivette J Suarez-Arroyo Freisa M.Joaquin-Ovalle Louis J.Delinois Kai Griebenow Chemistry Department University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras campusSan JuanPR 00936USA Biochemistry&Pharmacology Department San Juan Bautista School of MedicineCaguasPR 00726USA Neuroscience Department Universidad Central del CaribeBayamonPR 00956USA Biochemistry Department Universidad Central del CaribeBayamonPR 00956USA

Cancer cells can develop resistance to anticancer drugs,thereby becoming tolerant to treatment through different *** biological mechanisms leading to the generation of anticancer treatment resistance include alterations in transmembrane proteins,DNA damage and repair mechanisms,alterations in target molecules,and genetic responses,among *** most common anti-cancer drugs reported to develop resistance to cancer cells include cisplatin,doxorubicin,paclitaxel,and *** anticancer drugs have different mechanisms of action,and specific cancer types can be affected by different *** development of drug resistance is a cellular response which uses differential gene expression,to enable adaptation and survival of the cell to diverse threatening environmental *** this review,we briefly look at the key regulatory genes,their expression,as well as the responses and regulation of cancer cells when exposed to anticancer drugs,along with the incorporation of alternative nanocarriers as treatments to overcome anticancer drug resistance.

关键词： Cancer resistance drug delivery systems resistance genes

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