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Paternally imprinted LATE-FLOWERING2 transcription factor contributes to paternal-excess interploidy hybridization barriers in wheat∞

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第12期65卷 2587-2603页

作者： Guanghui Yang Man Feng Kuohai Yu Guangxian Cui Yan Zhou Lv Sun Lulu Gao Yumei Zhang Huiru Peng Yingyin Yao Zhaorong Hu Vincenzo Rossi ive de smet Zhongfu Ni Qixin Sun Mingming Xin State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis Utilization(MOE)Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Qingdao Agricultural University Qingdao 266109China Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial CropsBergamo 24126Italy department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent UniversityGhent B‐9052Belgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent B‐9052Belgium

Interploidy hybridization between hexaploid and tetraploid genotypes occurred repeatedly during genomic introgression events throughout wheat evolution,and is commonly employed in wheat breeding *** wheat usually serves as maternal parent because the reciprocal cross generates progeny with severe defects and poor seed germination,but the underlying mechanism is poorly ***,we performed detailed analysis of phenotypic variation in endosperm between two interploidy reciprocal crosses arising from tetraploid(Triticum durum,AABB)and hexaploid wheat(Triticum aestivum,AABBDD).In the paternal‐versus the maternal‐excess cross,the timing of endosperm cellularization was delayed and starch granule accumulation in the endosperm was repressed,causing reduced germination *** expression profiles of genes involved in nutrient metabolism differed strongly between these endosperm ***,expression patterns of parental alleles were dramatically disturbed in interploidy versus intraploidy crosses,leading to increased number of imprinted *** endosperm‐specific TaLFL2 showed a paternally imprinted expression pattern in interploidy crosses partially due to allele‐specific DNA *** TaLFL2 binds to and represses a nutrient accumulation regulator TaNAC019,leading to reduced storage protein and starch accumulation during endosperm development in paternal‐excess cross,as confirmed by interploidy crosses between tetraploid wild‐type and clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)–CRISPR‐associated protein 9 generated hexaploid *** findings reveal a contribution of genomic imprinting to paternal‐excess interploidy hybridization barriers during wheat evolution history and explains why experienced breeders preferentially exploit maternal‐excess interploidy crosses in wheat breeding programs.

关键词： imprinting interploidy cross wheat

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Representing dynamics in the eccentric Hill system using a neural network architecture

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Astrodynamics 2019年第4期3卷 301-324页

作者： Stijn de smet Daniel JScheeres Jeffrey SParker department of Aerospace Engineering Sciences The University of Colorado BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA Aduanced Space BoulderCo 80301USA

This paper demonstrates how artificial neural networks can be used to alleviate common problems encountered when creating a large database of Poincar´e map responses.A general architecture is developed using a combination of regression and classification feedforward neural *** allows one to predict the response of the Poincar´e map,as well as to identify anomalies,such as impact or ***,this paper demonstrates how an artificial neural network can be used to predict the error between a more complex and a simpler dynamical *** an example application,the developed architecture is implemented on the Sun-Mars eccentric Hill *** statistics of the entire architecture are computed for both one Poincar´e map and for iterated *** neural networks are then applied to study the long-term impact and escape stability of trajectories in this system.

关键词： periapse Poincare map artificial neural networks eccentric Hill system

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Fermented liquid feed for pigs： an ancient technique for the future

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2016年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： Joris AM Missotten Joris Michiels Jeroen degroote Stefaan de smet Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality Department of Animal ProductionGhent UniversityGhentBelgium department of Applied Biosciences Ghent UniversityValentin Vaerwyckweg 1B-9000 GhentBelgium

Fermented liquid feed is feed that has been mixed with water at a ratio ranging from 1：1.5 to 1：4. By mixing with water lactic acid bacteria and yeasts naturally occurring in the feed proliferate and produce lactic acid, acetic acid and ethano which reduces the pH of the mixture. This reduction in pH inhibits pathogenic organisms from developing in the feed. In addition, when this low pH mixture is fed, it reduces the pH in the stomach of pigs and prevents the proliferation of pathogens such as coliforms and Salmonella in the gastrointestinal tract. For piglets, the use of fermented liquid feed offers the possibility of simultaneously providing feed and water, which may facilitate an easier transition from sow＇s milk to solid feed. Secondly, offering properly produced fermented liquid feed may strengthen the role of the stomach as the first line of defense against possible pathogenic infections by lowering the pH in the gastrointestinal tract thereby helping to exclude enteropathogens. Finally, feeding fermented liquid feed to pigs has been shown to improve the performance of suckling pigs, weaner pigs and growing-finishing pigs. In this review, current knowledge about the use of fermented liquid feed in pig diets will be discussed. This will include a discussion of the desirable properties of fermented liquid feed and factors affecting fermentation. In addition, advantages and disadvantages of fermented liquid feed will be discussed including its effects on gastrointestinal health, intestinal pH and the types of bacteria found in the gastrointestinal tract as well as the effects of fermented liquid feeds on pig performance.

关键词： Fermented liquid feed Lactobacillus spp Pigs Probiotics Yeasts

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SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION,THERMAL deGRADATION AND ELECTROCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF OLIGO-4-m-TOLYLAZOMETHINEPHENOL

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2006年第6期24卷 647-656页

作者： smet Kaya Yasin Bayrakli department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences and Artsanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityTR-17020 anakkaleTurkey

The oxidative polycondensation reaction conditions of 4-m-tolylazomethinephenol （4-TAMP） in the presence of air O2 and NaOCl as oxidants were studied in an aqueous alkaline medium between 50 and 90℃. The structures of the obtained monomer and oligomer were confirmed by FT-IR, UV-Vis, ^1H- and ^13C-NMR and elemental analysis techniques. The physical characterization was made by TG-DTA, size exclusion chromatography （SEC） and solubility tests. At the optimum reaction conditions, the yield of oligo-4-m-tolylazomethinephenol （O-4-TAMP） was found to be 62.50% （for air O2 oxidant） and 90.0% （for NaOCl oxidant）, respectively. According to the SEC analysis, the number-average molecular weight （Mn）, weight-average molecular weight （Mw） and polydispersity index （PDI） values of O-4-TAMP were found to be 2310, 2610 g tool 1 and 1. 13, respectively, using air O2, and 1390, 1710 g mol^-1 and 1.23, using NaOCl, respectively. According to TG-DTA analyses, O-4-TAMP was more stable than 4-TAMP against thermal decomposition. The weight losses of 4-TAMP and O-4-TAMP were found to be 68% and 58% at 1000℃. Electrical conductivity of the O-4-TAMP was measured, showing that the polymer is a typical semiconductor. Electrochemically, the highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO）, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） and electrochemical energy gaps （E＇g） for 4-TAMP are -5.96, -3.22 and 2.74 eV, respectively. The HOMO, LUMO and （E＇g） for O-4-TAMP are -5.78, -3.44 and 2.34 eV, respectively. According to UV-Vis measurements, optical band gaps （Eg） of 4-TAMP and O-4-TAMP were found to be 3.45 and 3. 1 0 eV, respectively.

关键词： Air O2 NaOCl Oligo-4-m-tolylazomethinephenol Oxidative polycondensation Thermal analysis Band gap Conductivity

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SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND SOME PROPERTIES OF EPOXY RESINS CONTAINING AZOMETHINE BONDING

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2013年第8期31卷 1087-1095页

作者： smet Kaya Murat Gül anakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Sciences and Arts Department of Chemistry Polymer Research Laboratory

New epoxy resins were prepared from hydroxyl substituted Schiff base monomers in two steps. The first step is based on the synthesis of hydroxyl substituted Schiffbase monomers via condensation reaction. The second step includes the reaction between Schiff base monomers with cpichlorohydrine （EPC） to obtain epoxy resins. The structures of resulting compounds were confirmed by FTIR and H-NMR. TG-DTA and DSC measurements were made for thermal characterizations of the compounds. Chemical resistances of the cured epoxy-amine systems in acidic, alkaline and organic solvents were determined for coating applications. HC1 （aqueous solution, 10%）, NaOH （aqueous solution, 10%）, DMSO, DMF, N-methylpyrrolidone, ethanol, THF and acetone were used for corrosion tests. Chemical resistance data show that the synthesized resins have good chemical resistance against various acid, alkaline and common organic solvents.

关键词： Epoxy resin Thermal analysis Poly(imine)s.

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Changes of the glutathione redox system during the weaning transition in piglets, in relation to small intestinal morphology and barrier function

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第4期11卷 993-1008页

作者： Jeroen degroote Hans Vergauwen Wei Wang Chris Van Ginneken Stefaan de smet Joris Michiels Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyFaculty of Bioscience EngineeringGhent UniversityBlock FCampus CoupureCoupure Links 6539000 GhentBelgium Laboratory of Applied Veterinary Morphology Department of Veterinary SciencesFaculty of BiomedicalPharmaceutical and Veterinary SciencesUniversity of AntwerpUniversiteitsplein 1WilrijkBelgium.

Background: Weaning is known to result in barrier dysfunction and villus atrophy in the immediate post-weaning phase, and the magnitude of these responses is hypothesized to correlate with changes in the glutathione(GSH)redox system. Therefore, these parameters were simultaneously measured throughout the weaning phase, in piglets differing in birth weight category and weaning age, as these pre-weaning factors are important determinants for the weaning transition. Low birth weight(LBW) and normal birth weight(NBW) littermates were assigned to one of three weaning treatments;i.e. weaning at 3 weeks of age(3 w), weaning at 4 weeks of age(4 w) and removal from the sow at 3 d of age and fed a milk replacer until weaning at 3 weeks of age(3 d3 w). For each of these treatments, six LBW and six NBW piglets were euthanized at 0, 2, 5, 12 or 28 d post-weaning piglets, adding up 180 ***: Weaning increased the glutathione peroxidase activity on d 5 post-weaning in plasma, and duodenal and jejunal mucosa. Small intestinal glutathione-S-transferase activity gradually increased until d 12 post-weaning, and this was combined with a progressive rise of mucosal GSH up till d 12 post-weaning. Oxidation of the GSH redox status(GSH/GSSG Eh) was only observed in the small intestinal mucosa of 3 d3 w weaned piglets at d 5 postweaning. These piglets also demonstrated increased fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FD4) and horseradish peroxidase fluxes in the duodenum and distal jejunum during the experiment, and specifically demonstrated increased FD4 fluxes at d 2 to d 5 post-weaning. On the other hand, profound villus atrophy was observed during the weaning transition for all weaning treatments. Finally, LBW and NBW piglets did not demonstrate notable differences in GSH redox status, small intestinal barrier function and histo-morphology throughout the ***: Although moderate changes in the GSH redox system were observed upon weaning, the GSH redox status remai

关键词： Barrier function Glutathione Oxidative stress Redox status Small intestine Weaned piglet

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SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION,THERMAL deGRADATION AND ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF OLIGO[2-(THIEN-2-YLMETHYLENE)AMINOPHENOL]AND OLIGOMER-METAL COMPLEXES

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2009年第4期27卷 465-477页

作者： smet Kaya Aysel Aydin department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and ArtsCanakkale Onsekiz Mart UniversityTR-17020CanakkaleTurkey

The optimum reaction conditions of the oxidative polycondensation of 2-(thien-2-yl-methylene)aminophenol (2-TMAP) has been accomplished by using air O_2,H_2O_2 and NaOCl oxidants in an aqueous alkaline medium between 20℃and 90℃.The structures of the monomer and oligomer were confirmed by FT-IR,UV-Vis,~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR and elemental ***-DTA,size exclusion chromatography(SEC) techniques and solubility tests were applied for *** ~1H-NMR and ^(13)C-NMR data show that the polymeriz...

关键词： Air O_2 NaOCl O1igo[2-(thien-2-yl-methylene)aminophenol] Oxidative polycondensation Thermal analysis Electrical conductivity Oligomer-metal complex compounds

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Association between heat stress and oxidative stress in poultry;mitochondrial dysfunction and dietary interventions with phytochemicals

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2017年第1期8卷 1-14页

作者： Abdollah Akbarian Joris Michiels Jeroen degroote Maryam Majdeddin Abolghasem Golian Stefaan de smet department of Animal Production Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product QualityGhent UniversityProefhoevestraat 10Melle 9090Belgium Centre of Excellence in the Animal Science department Ferdowsi University of MashhadP.O.Box:91775-1163MashhadIran department of Applied Biosciences Ghent UniversityValentin Vaerwyckweg 1Ghent 9000Belgium

Heat as a stressor of poultry has been studied extensively for many decades; it affects poultry production on a worldwide basis and has significant impact on well-being and production. More recently, the involvement of heat stress in inducing oxidative stress has received much interest. Oxidative stress is defined as the presence of reactive species in excess of the available antioxidant capacity of animal cells. Reactive species can modify several biologically cellular macromolecules and can interfere with cell signaling pathways. Furthermore, during the last decade, there has been an ever-increasing interest in the use of a wide array of natural feed-delivered phytochemicals that have potential antioxidant properties for poultry. In light of this, the current review aims to（1） summarize the mechanisms through which heat stress triggers excessive superoxide radical production in the mitochondrion and progresses into oxidative stress,（2） illustrate that this pathophysiology is dependent on the intensity and duration of heat stress,（3） present different nutritional strategies for mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction, with particular focus on antioxidant *** stress that occurs with heat exposure can be manifest in all parts of the body; however, mitochondrial dysfunction underlies oxidative stress. In the initial phase of acute heat stress, mitochondrial substrate oxidation and electron transport chain activity are increased resulting in excessive superoxide production. During the later stage of acute heat stress, down-regulation of avian uncoupling protein worsens the oxidative stress situation causing mitochondrial dysfunction and tissue damage. Typically, antioxidant enzyme activities are upregulated. Chronic heat stress, however, leads to downsizing of mitochondrial metabolic oxidative capacity, up-regulation of avian uncoupling protein, a clear alteration in the pattern of antioxidant enzyme activities, and depletion of antioxidant reserve

关键词： Antioxidant enzymes Avian uncoupling protein Electron transport chain Flavonoids Heat Stress Mitochondrion Oxidative stress Poultry

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Selenium containing macrocycles:transformation between Se-N/Se-S/Se-Se bonds

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Science China Chemistry 2017年第9期60卷 1191-1196页

作者： Shaobo Ji Hicham El Mard Mario smet Wim dehaen Huaping Xu Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering Department of ChemistryTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Chemistry University of LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 20OFB-3001 Heveriee(Leuven)Belgium

Macrocycles possess potential applications in supramolecular chemistry and biosystems. Thus development of new kinds of macrocycles is of significance. Herein, novel macrocycles containing Se-Se/Se-S bonds were synthesized via transformation between selenium related dynamic covalent bonds. A monomer containing two ebselen moieties was synthesized (M1). The Se-N bonds in M1 were reduced by dithiothreitol, forming Se-S linked dimer (D1). To realize the transformation from Se-S bonds to Se-Se bonds, guest molecules were added as template, triggering the formation of Se-Se linked dimer (D2). The formation of these two new kinds of macrocycles was determined by H-1 NMR and Se-77 NMR, and the necessity of guest molecules was also confirmed. The introduction of ebselen moieties and Se-S bonds or Se-Se bonds into macrocycles may endow it with new responsiveness and bioactivities, as well as new types of host-guest chemistry.

关键词： macrocycles, selenium, dynamic covalent bonds

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Hip resurfacing arthroplasty complicated by mismatched implant components

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第3期8卷 286-289页

作者： Alessandro Calistri Patricia Campbell Catherine Van der Straeten Koen Aimè de smet department of Orthopedic and Traumatology ANCA Clinic Implant Retrieval Lab Orthopaedic Institute for Children department Orthopaedics and Traumatology UZ University Hospital ANCA Medical Centre

Metal-on-metal hip resurfacing has gained popularity as a feasible treatment option for young and active patients with hip osteoarthritis and high functional *** procedure should only be performed by surgeons who have trained specifically in this *** planning is essential for hip resurfacing in order to execute a successful operation and preview any technical *** authors present a case of a man who underwent a resurfacing arthroplasty for osteoarthritis of the left hip that was complicated by mismatched implant components that were revised three days afterwards for severe pain and leg length *** mistakes,although rare,can be prevented by educating operating room staff in the size and colour code tables provided by the companies on their prostheses or implant boxes.

关键词： Hip resurfacing Mismatch Revision

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