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Is there a role of lipid-lowering therapies in the management of fatty liver disease?

World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第1期14卷 119-139页

作者： ismini tzanaki Aris P Agouridis Michael S Kostapanos School of Medicine European University CyprusNicosiaCyprusNicosia 2404Cyprus School of Medicine European University CyprusNicosia 2404Cyprus General Medicine Addenbrooke's HospitalCambridge University HospitalsCambridge CB20QQUnited Kingdom

Atherogenic dyslipidemia is characterized by increased triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol *** is highly prevalent in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and contributes to the increased cardiovascular risk associated with this *** insulin resistance it plays an important pathogenetic role in NAFLD/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)development and *** has been shown that cholesterol-lowering reduces cardiovascular risk more in NAFLD vs non-NAFLD high-risk *** evidence highlights the importance of effective lipid modulation in *** this narrative review the effects of the most commonly used lipid-lowering therapies on liver outcomes alongside their therapeutic implications in NAFLD/NASH are critically *** and clinical evidence suggests that statins reduce hepatic steatosis,inflammation and fibrosis in patients with NAFLD/*** data are derived from observational and small prospective clinical studies using changes in liver enzyme activities,steatosis/fibrosis scores,and imaging evidence of steatosis as ***,relevant histologic benefits were noted in small biopsy *** and rosuvastatin showed greater benefits,whereas data for other statins are scarce and sometimes *** studies to those of statins showed efficacy of ezetimibe against hepatic ***,no significant anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions of ezetimibe have been *** studies showed that fibrates through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor(PPAR)αactivation may have a role in NAFLD prevention and ***,no relevant benefits have been noted in human ***-related differences in PPARαexpression and its activation responsiveness may help explain this ***-3 fatty acids reduced hepatic steatosis in numerous heterogeneous studies,but their benefits on hepatic inflammation and

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Statin Ezetimibe Fibrates ω-3 fatty acids Bile acid resins

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Light shed on a non-canonical TCA cycle:cell state regulation beyond mitochondrial energy production

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第7期7卷 2130-2132页

作者： Ivona Mateska Vasileia ismini Alexaki Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine University HospitalTechnische Universitat DresdenDresdenGermany

A recent publication in Natureby Arnold et *** on the discovery of a non-canonical tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle in which acetyl-CoA produced from mitochondrially derived citrate by ACLY regenerates_oxaloacetate in the cytoplasm.1 Oxaloacetate is converted through a two-direction reaction to malate,which is uptaken by the mitochondrial citrate/malate transporter SLC25A1 in the mitochondria,where it fuels oxaloacetate and citrate production(Fig.1a).

关键词： canonical beyond Arnold

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Toward optimizing the design of virtual environments for route learning:empirically assessing the effects of changing levels of realism on memory

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第2期12卷 137-155页

作者： ismini E.Lokka Arzu Çöltekin Department of Geography University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Broadly,this paper is about designing memorable 3D geovisualizations for spatial knowledge acquisition during(virtual)*** is a fundamentally important task,and even though most people navigate every day,many find it difficult in unfamiliar *** people get lost in an unfamiliar environment,or are unable to remember a route that they took,they might feel anxiety,disappointment and frustration;and in real world,such incidents can be costly,and at times,***,in this paper,we study the design decisions in terms of visual realism in a city model,propose a visualization design optimized for route learning,implement and empirically evaluate this *** evaluation features a navigational route learning task,where we measure shortand long-term recall accuracy of 42 participants with varying spatial abilities and memory *** findings provide unique empirical evidence on how design choices affect memory in route learning with geovirtual environments,contributing toward empirically verified design guidelines for digital cities.

关键词： 3D representation digital city digital earth virtual reality visualization

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Security and privacy issues of physical objects in the IoT:Challenges and opportunities

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Digital Communications and Networks 2021年第3期7卷 373-384页

作者： Xuanxia Yao Fadi Farha Rongyang Li ismini Psychoul Liming Chen Huansheng Ning School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China School of Computer Science and Informatics De Montfort UniversityLeicesterUK

In the Internet of Things(IoT),security and privacy issues of physical objects are crucial to the related *** order to clarify the complicated security and privacy issues,the life cycle of a physical object is divided into three stages of pre-working,in-working,and *** this basis,a physical object-based security architecture for the IoT is put *** to the security architecture,security and privacy requirements and related protecting technologies for physical objects in different working stages are analyzed in *** the development of IoT technologies,potential security and privacy challenges that IoT objects may face in the pervasive computing environment are *** the same time,possible directions for dealing with these challenges are also pointed out.

关键词： Security Privacy preserving Physical objects Life cycle Internet of things

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Management of carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats by syngeneic hepatocyte transplantation in spleen and peritoneal cavity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2004年第14期10卷 2099-2102页

作者： Charalampos Pilichos Despina Perrea Maria Demonakou Athena Preza ismini Donta Third Department of Propaudeutic Surgery University of AthensSotiria HospitalAthensHellas Laboratory of Experimental Surgery University of AthensHellas Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy Sismanogleion General HospitalAthensHellas

AIM: Acute hepatitis may seldom have a fulminant *** the treatment of this medical emergency, potential liver support measure must provide immediate and sufficient assistance to the hepatic function. The goal of our study was to study the adequacy of hepatocyte transplantation (HCTx) in two different anatomical sites, splenic parenchyma and peritoneal cavity, in a rat model of reversible acute hepatitis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).METHODS: After CCl4 intoxication, 84 male Wistar rats used as recipients were divided in to four experimental groups accordingly to their treatment: Group A (n=24): intrasplenic transplantation of 10±10^6 isolated hepatoo/tes, Group B (n=24):intrapedtoneal transplantation of 20×10^6 isolated hepatocytes attached on plastic microcarriers, Group C (n= 18): intrasplenic injection of 1 mL normal saline (sham-operated controls),Group D (n=18): intraperitoneal injection of 2.5 mL normal saline (sham-operated controls). Survival, liver function tests (LIT) and histology were studied in all four groups, on d 2,5 and 10 ***: The ten-day survival (and mean survival) in the 4 groups was 72.2% (8.1±3.1), 33.3% (5.4±3.4), 0%(3.1±1.3) and 33.3% (5.4±3.6) in groups A, B, C, D,respectively (PAB＜0.05, PAc＜0.05, P80=NS). In the final survivors, LIT (except alkaline phosphatase) and hepatic histology retumed to normal, independently of their previous therapy. Viable hepatocytes were identified within splenic parenchyma (in group A on d 2) and both in the native liver and the fatty tissue of abdominal wall (in group B on d 5).CONCLUSION: A significantly better survival of the intrasplenically transplanted animals has been demonstrated,Intraperitoneal hepatocytes failed to promptly engraft. A different timing between liver injury and intraperitoneal HCTx may give better results and merits further investigation.

关键词：碳氧化物急性肝损害老鼠同源性肝细胞移植脾脏腹膜腔 HCTx

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Antimicrobial activity of kojic acid from endophytic fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides isolated from Sonneratia apetala,a mangrove plant of the Sundarbans

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2018年第5期11卷 350-354页

作者： Tauhidur Rahman Nurunnabi Shaymaa Al-Majmaie ismini Nakouti Lutfun Nahar S.M.Mahbubur Rahman Md.Hossain Sohrab Md.Morsaline Billah Fyaz M.D.Ismail George P.Sharples Satyajit D.Sarker Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products Research Group School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesLiverpool John Moores University Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline Khulna University Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Division BCSIR Laboratories

Objective: To isolate and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the active principle(s) from the ethyl acetate(EtOAc) extract of endophytic fungus Colietotrichum gloeosporioides(***) isolated from Sonneratia apetala. Methods: Water agar technique was used to isolate the fungus, and both microscopic and molecular techniques were used for identification of the strain. Potato dextrose broth was used to grow the fungus in large-scale. Reversed-phase preparative HPLC analysis was performed to isolate the major active compound, kojic acid. The EtOAc extract and kojic acid were screened for their antimicrobial activity against two Grampositive and two Gram-negative bacteria as well as a fungal strain using the resazurin 96-well microtitre plate antimicrobial assay. Results: The fungus C. gloeosporioides was isolated from the leaves of Sonneratia apetala. Initial identification of the fugal isolate was carried out using spore characteristics observed under the microscope. Subsequently, the ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 sequencing was employed for species-level identification of the fungus C. gloeosporioides. Five litres of liquid culture of the fungus produced approximately 610 mg of a mixture of secondary *** acid(1) was isolated as the main secondary metabolite present in the fungal extract, and the structure was confirmed by 1 D, 2 D NMR and mass spectrometry. The EtOAc extract and compound 1 exhibited considerable antimicrobial activity against all tested *** the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) values from the EtOAc extract ranged between 2.4×10^(-4)mg/mL and 2.5 mg/mL, those of kojic acid(1) were between 0.125 mg/mL and1 mg/mL. The EtOAc extract and kojic acid(1) were most active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa(MIC = 2.4×10^(-4). mg/mL) and Micrococcus luteus(MIC = 0.125 mg/mL), respectively. Conclusions:The results revealed that the endophytic fungus C. gloeosporioides could be a good source of commercially important kojic acid, w

关键词： Endophytic fungus Mangrove plants Sonneratia apetala Kojic acid Colletrtrichum gloeosporioides Antimicrobial activity

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Enterocytes’tight junctions:From molecules to diseases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2011年第6期2卷 123-137页

作者： Stelios F Assimakopoulos ismini Papageorgiou Aristidis Charonis Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital of PatrasPatras 26504Greece Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg69120 HeidelbergGermany Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens Athens 11527Greece

Tight junctions(TJs)are structures between cells where cells appear in the closest possible *** are responsible for sealing compartments when epithelial sheets are *** regulate the permeability of ions,(macro)molecules and cells via the paracellular *** structure at the electron microscopic level has been well known since the 1970s;however,only recently has their macromolecular composition been *** review first examines the major macromolecular components of the TJs(occludin,claudins,junctional adhesion molecule and tricellulin)and then the associated macromolecules at the intracellular plaque[zonula occludens(ZO)-1,ZO-2,ZO-3,AF-6,cingulin,7H6].Emphasis is given to their interactions in order to begin to understand the mode of assembly of *** functional significance of TJs is detailed and several mechanisms and factors involved are discussed *** is given to the role of intestinal TJs and the alterations observed or speculated in diverse disease ***,intestinal TJs may exert a pathogenetic role in intestinal(inflammatory bowel disease,celiac disease)and extraintestinal diseases (diabetes type 1,food allergies,autoimmune diseases).Additionally,intestinal TJs may be secondarily disrupted during the course of diverse diseases,subsequently allowing the bacterial translocation phenomenon and promoting the systemic inflammatory response,which is often associated with clinical *** major questions in the field are highlighted.

关键词： Tight junctions Occludin Claudins Junc- tional adhesion molecule Tricellulin Intestinal permeability

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