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Lessons on mobile apps for COVID-19 from China

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2021年第2期2卷 40-49页

作者： Sophia L.Zhou Xianhan Jia Samuel p.Skinner William Yang isabelle Claude Mass Academy of Math and Science Worcester Polytechnic Institute85 Prescott StreetWorcesterMA 01605United States Department of Computer Science Worcester Polytechnic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 01609United States Department of physics Worcester Polythenic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 01609United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Worcester Polytechnic Institute100 Institute RoadWorcesterMA 10609United States

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the global society and human life *** countries have launched COVID-19 mobile apps with a wide range in how these apps *** it is hoped that these apps can assist in the fight against COVID-19,many are worried about user *** implemented“health code”systems,which assigned neighborhoods and citizens a specific health code,meant to indicate their risk of having been exposed to *** most widely used health code systems were hosted on the popular apps WeChat and Alipay,each with billions of *** experts argued that China’s use of mobile applications was essential to its successful combat against *** in this study are a summary of mobile technology usage in China,a review of previous studies of mobile technology in healthcare,and a brief survey of some existing mobile applications for COVID-19 that were *** included are outcomes of interviews with healthcare and public safety experts and a public survey to understand how mobile applications were used in China’s response to *** interviews revealed four important themes:personal privacy,community involvement,government involvement,and situational *** was found that a key concern was maintaining a balance between collecting and utilizing personal information,as well as protecting this *** addition,close collaboration between local communities and the national government was *** applications assisted in communication and coordination but did not replace the work of people such as delivery drivers and contact *** results also showed that there was room for improvement,especially accessibility for the elderly or those unfamiliar with *** results were obtained from our *** was interesting to find that the apps were mostly used for“accessing information on COVID-19.”In addition,respondents overwhelmingly identified“information”as the most valuable featur

关键词： Mobile apps COVID-19 response Survey Interview Lessons

免疫系统乃霉菌毒素攻击的目标——霉菌毒素损害猪的健康

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养猪 2008年第5期 6-8页

作者： isabelle p.oswald 罗兰 INRA Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-ToxicologieFrance 奥特奇生物制品(中国)有限公司

霉菌毒素是动物免疫系统的可怕杀手,它从破坏动物的免疫系统下手,全面危害猪的健康与生产性能,是危害养猪业的重大因素。有关其作用机理你知道多少?今年高温多雨,饲料谷物霉菌毒素防控更应引起重视。

关键词：霉菌毒素免疫系统动物饲料健康损害攻击生长缓慢传染性疾病

Acoustic and visual adaptations to predation risk: a predator affects communication in vocal female fish

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Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 149-157页

作者： isabelle pia MAIDITSCH Friedrich LADICH Department of Behavioral and Cognitive Biology University of ViennaAlthanstraBe 14Vienna 1090Austria

predation is an important ecological constraint that influences communication in *** respond to predators by adjusting their visual signaling behavior,but the responses in calling behavior in the presence of a visually detected predator are largely *** hypothesize that fish will reduce visual and acoustic signaling including sound levels and avoid escalating fights in the presence of a *** test this we investigated dyadic contests in female croaking gouramis(Trichopsis vittata,Osphronemidae)in the presence and absence of a predator(Astronotus ocella-tus,Cichlidae)in an adjoining *** behavior in *** consists of lateral(visual)displays,antiparallel circling,and production of croaking sounds and may escalate to frontal *** analyzed the number and duration of lateral display bouts,the number,duration,sound pressure level,and dominant frequency of croaking sounds as well as contest *** number and duration of lateral displays decreased significantly in predator when compared with nopredator *** number of sounds per contest dropped in parallel but no significant changes were observed in sound *** the presence of a predator,dyadic contests were decided or terminated during lateral displays and never escalated to frontal *** gouramis showed approaching behavior toward the predator between lateral *** is the first study supporting the hypothesis that predators reduce visual and acoustic signaling in a vocal *** properties,in contrast,did not *** signaling and the lack of escalating contests reduce the fish's conspicuousness and thus predation threat.

关键词： agonistic interactions antipredator behavior croaking gouramis predator inspection signaling behavior

potential effects of climate change on a marine invasion： The importance of current context

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Current Zoology 2012年第1期58卷 1-8页

作者： Côté, isabelle M. Green, Stephanie J. Department of Biological Sciences Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive Burnaby BC Canada V5A 1S6

Species invasions threaten marine biodiversity globally. There is a concern that climate change is exacerbating this problem. Here, we examined some of the potential effects of warming water temperatures on the invasion of Western Atlantic habitats by a marine predator, the Indo-pacific lionfish （pterois volitans and p. miles）. We focussed on two temperature-dependent aspects of lionfish life-history and behaviour： pelagic larval duration, because of its link to dispersal potential, and prey consump- tion rate, because it is an important determinant of the impacts of lionfish on native prey. Using models derived from fundamental metabolic theory, we predict that the length of time spent by lionfish in the plankton in early life should decrease with warming temperatures, with a concomitant reduction in potential dispersal distance. Although the uncertainty around change in dispersal distances is large, predicted reductions are, on average, more than an order of magnitude smaller than the current rate of range expansion of lionfisli in the Caribbean. Nevertheless, because shorter pelagic larval duration has the potential to increase local re- tention of larvae, local lionfish management will become increasingly important under projected climate change. Increasing tem- perature is also expected to worsen the current imbalance between rates of prey consumption by lionfish and biomass production by their prey, leading to a heightened decline in native reef fish biomass. However, the magnitude of climate-induced decline is predicted to be minor compared to the effect of current rates of lionfish population increases （and hence overall prey consumption rates） on invaded reefs. placing the predicted effects of climate change in the current context thus reveals that, at least for the lionfish invasion, the threat is clear and present, rather than future [Current Zoology 58 （1）： 1-8, 2012].

关键词： Non-indigenous species Coral reefs Dispersal Ecological impacts of invasion

Loss of T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase in the intestinal epithelium promotes local inflammation by increasing colonic stem cell proliferation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第4期15卷 367-376页

作者： Stéphanie Bussières-Marmen Valérie Vinette Jeremy Gungabeesoon isabelle Aubry Luis Alberto pérez-Quintero Michel L Tremblay Department of Biochemistry McGill UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre MontréalQuébecCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology McGill UniversityMontréalQuébecCanada

T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase(TC-pTp)has a critical role in the development of the immune system and has been identified as a negative regulator of ***-nucleotide polymorphisms in the TC-pTp locus have been associated with increased susceptibility to inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs)in *** further understand how TC-pTp is related to IBDs,we investigated the role of TC-pTp in maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier using an in vivo genetic *** epithelial cell(IEC)-specific deletion of TC-pTp was achieved in a mouse model at steady state and in the context of dextran sulphate sodium(DSS)-induced ***(KO)of TC-pTp in IECs did not result in an altered intestinal ***,upon DSS treatment,IECspecific TC-pTp KO mice displayed a more severe colitis phenotype with a corresponding increase in the immune response and inflammatory cytokine *** absence of TC-pTp caused an altered turnover of IECs,which is further explained by the role of the tyrosine phosphatase in colonic stem cell(CoSC)*** results suggest a novel role for TC-pTp in regulating the homeostasis of CoSC *** supports the protective function of TC-pTp against IBDs,independently of its previously demonstrated role in intestinal immunity.

关键词： Colonic stem cells DSS-induced colitis intestinal epithelial barrier TC-pTp

Size fractions of organic matter pools influence their stability: Application of the Rock-Eval® analysis to beech forest soils

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pedosphere 2022年第4期32卷 565-575页

作者： David SEBAG Eric p.VERRECCHIA Thierry ADATTE Michael AUBERT Guillaume CAILLEAU Thibaud DECAENS isabelle KOWALEWSKI Jean TRAp Fabrice BUREAU Mickael HEDDE Normandie Univ Universitéde Rouen Normandie(UNIROUEN)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)M2CRouen 76000France Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics(IDYST) GeopolisUniversity of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Institut Français du pétrole Energies Nouvelles(IFpEN) Earth Sciences and Environmental Technologies DivisionRueil-Malmaison 92852France Institute of Earth Sciences(ISTE) GeopolisUniversity of LausanneLausanne 1015Switzerland Normandie Univ Universitéde Rouen Normandie(UNIROUEN)Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculturel'Alimentation et l'Environnement(INRAE)LaboratoireÉtude et COmpréhension de la bioDIVersité(ECODIV)Rouen 76000France Laboratory of Microbiology Institute of BiologyUniversity of NeuchâtelNeuchâtel 2000Switzerland Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive(CEFE) Universitéde MontpellierCNRSEcole Pratique des Hautes Etudes(EPHE)Institut de Recherche pour le Développement(IRD)Montpellier 34000France Eco&Sols INRAEIRDUniversitéde MontpellierMontpellier 34000France

Soil organic matter (SOM) is a complex heterogeneous mixture formed through decomposition and organo-mineral interactions, and characterization of its composition and biogeochemical stability is challenging. From this perspective, Rock-Eval® is a rapid and efficient thermal analytical method that combines the quantitative and qualitative information of SOM, including several parameters related to thermal stability. This approach has already been used to monitor changes in organic matter (OM) properties at the landscape, cropland, and soil profile scales. This study was aimed to assess the stability of SOM pools by characterizing the grain size fractions from forest litters and topsoils using Rock-Eval® thermal analysis. Litter (organic) and topsoil samples were collected from a beech forest in Normandy (France), whose management in the last 200 years has been documented. Fractionation by wet sieving was used to separate large debris (> 2 000 μm) and coarse (200–2 000 μm) and fine particulate OM (pOM) (50–200 μm) in the organic samples as well as coarse (200–2 000 μm), medium (50–200 μm), and fine (psoil samples. Rock-Eval® was able to provide thermal parameters sensitive enough to study fine-scale soil processes. In the organic layers, quantitative and qualitative changes were explained by the progressive decomposition of labile organic compounds from plant debris to the finest organic particles. Meanwhile, the grain size fractions of topsoils presented different characteristics. The coarse organo-mineral fractions showed higher C contents, albeit with a different composition, higher thermal stability, and greater decomposition degree than the plant debris forming the organic layer. These results are consistent with those of previous studies that microbial activity is more effective in this fraction. The finest fractions of topsoils showed low C contents, the highest thermal stability, and low decomposition degree, which can be explained

关键词： aggregate decomposition litter organo-mineral interaction plant-microbe-soil continuum soil organic matter thermal analysis topsoil

Increasing the number of discrete character states for continuous characters generates well-resolved trees that do not reflect phylogeny

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第4期9卷 531-541页

作者： Jérémie BARDIN isabelle ROUGET Margaret Mary YACOBUCCI Fabrizio CECCA Sorbonne University Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University(UPMC-P6)ParisFrance National Museum of Natural History(MNHN) ParisFrance The National Center for Scientific Research(CNRS) ParisFrance Department of Geology Bowling Green State UniversityBowling GreenOhioUSA

Since the introduction of the cladistic method in systematics,continuous characters have been integrated into analyses but no methods for their treatment have received unanimous *** methods require a large number of character states to discretise continuous characters in order to keep the maximum level of information about taxa differences within the coding *** objective was to assess the impact of increasing the character state number on the outcomes of phylogenetic *** of a variety of simulated datasets shows that these methods for coding continuous characters can lead to the generation of well-resolved trees that do not reflect a phylogenetic *** call this phenomenon the flattening of the tree-length distribution;it is influenced by both the relative quantity of continuous characters in relation to discrete characters,and the number of characters in relation to the number of *** tests provide a method to avoid this potential bias.

关键词： cladistics continuous character gap weighting phylogeny

prior appendectomy and the phenotype and course of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第8期12卷 1235-1242页

作者： Jacques Cosnes philippe Seksik isabelle Nion-Larmurier Laurent Beaugerie Jean-pierre Gendre Service de Gastroentérologie et Nutrition h■pital St-AntoineParisFrance

AIM： To determine whether prior appendectomy modifies the phenotype and severity of Crohn＇s disease. METHODS： Appendectomy status and smoking habits were specified by direct interview in 2838 patients consecutively seen between 1995 and 2004. Occurrence of complications and therapeutic needs were reviewed retrospectively. Additionally, annual disease activity was assessed prospectively between 1995 and 2004 in patients who had not had ileocecal resection and of a matched control group. RESULTS： Compared to 1770 non-appendectomized patients, appendectomized patients more than 5 years before Crohn＇s disease diagnosis （n=716） were more often females, smokers, with ileal disease. Cox regression showed that prior appendectomy was positively related to the risk of intestinal stricture （adjusted hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.36; p=0.02） and inversely related to the risk of perianal fistulization （adjusted hazard ratio, 0.75; 95% confidence interval, 0.68 to 0.83; p=0.002）. No difference was observed between the two groups regarding the therapeutic needs, except for an increased risk of surgery in appendectomized patients, attributable to the increased prevalence of ileal disease. Between 1995 and 2004, Crohn＇s disease was active during 50% of years in appendectomized patients （1318 out of 2637 patientyears） and 51% in non-appendectomized patients （1454 out of 2841 patient-years; NS）. CONCLUSION： prior appendectomy is associated with a more proximal disease and has an increased risk of stricture and a lesser risk of anal fistulization. However, the severity of the disease is unaffected.

关键词： Crohn's disease Appendectomy Surgery Smoking

全球食品和饲料链中生物毒素早期预警、监测和毒性评估的挑战和解决方案

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粮油食品科技 2021年第6期29卷 1-8页

作者： Rudolf Krska Eskola Mari Berthiller Franz Nielen Michel oswald isabelle Elliott Chris McNerney Oonagh BotanaLuis Miguel MalachováAlexandra 维也纳自然资源与生命科学大学生物分析与农业代谢组学研究所农业生物技术系奥地利图尔恩3430 贝尔法斯特女王大学生物科学学院全球食品安全研究所英国北爱尔兰贝尔法斯特BT95DL Medfiles临床实验有限公司芬兰万塔01640 瓦赫宁根大学有机化学实验室荷兰瓦赫宁根6708 PB 图卢兹大学食品毒理学研究中心法国图卢兹塞地斯F-31027 IRIS数字工程公司西班牙巴塞罗那08940 圣地亚哥德孔波斯特拉大学兽医学院药理学系西班牙卢戈27002 奥地利饲料和食品质量、安全和创新能力中心奥地利图尔恩3430

确保世界人口不断增长下的食品供应安全和保障是巨大和紧迫的需求。然而,全球农业和食品行业仍易受植物、藻类,尤其是真菌产生的生物毒素污染问题的挑战;随着全球变暖和极端天气事件频发,这些有毒代谢产物的发生愈发难以预测。为了提升... 详细信息

确保世界人口不断增长下的食品供应安全和保障是巨大和紧迫的需求。然而,全球农业和食品行业仍易受植物、藻类,尤其是真菌产生的生物毒素污染问题的挑战;随着全球变暖和极端天气事件频发,这些有毒代谢产物的发生愈发难以预测。为了提升食品和饲料链中生物毒素的预警、监测和毒性评估方法,总结在各个科学领域和方法中创新所需的多学科、多部门互补能力,具体包括使用卫星和无人机成像的大数据方法、便携式监测设备以及使用蛋白质组学和转录组学对(新兴)生物毒素进行(联合)毒性测试。

关键词：食品和饲料安全预测早期预警藻毒素真菌毒素植物毒素