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Immune challenge of mating effort:steroid hormone profile,dark ventral patch and parasite burden in relation to intrasexual competition in male Iberian red deer

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Integrative Zoology 2020年第4期15卷 262-275页

作者： Eva DE LA pEÑA JoséMARTÍN isabel BARJA Raúl pÉREZ-CABALLERO isabel ACOSTA Juan CARRANZA Wildlife Research Unit University of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Department of Evolutionary Ecology National Museum of Natural Sciences(Spanish Research CouncilCSIC)MadridSpain Department of Biology Zoology UnitAutonomous University of MadridMadridSpain Biodiversity and Global Change Research Centre Autonomous University of MadridMadridSpain parasitology and parasitic Diseases Unit Animal Health DepartmentUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology National Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA

Testosterone secretion may regulate the reproductive effort and the development of sexual traits,but it may also involve costs at the immunological and metabolic ***,the evidence for this trade-off in wild populations is *** also plays an important role in mediating the reproductive and immune *** this study,we analyzed whether the endoparasite burden relates to hormonal levels(fecal testosterone and cortisol metabolites)and/or morphological sexual traits(size of the dark ventral patch,a trait that indicates reproductive effort in males)in male Iberian red *** this purpose,we sampled male red deer harvested during hunting actions in 2 types of populations in south western Spain that differed in structure,affecting the level of male–male competition for *** used coprological analyses to estimate the parasite burden mainly of gastrointestinal and bronchopulmonary nematodes and of protozoa,and assessed testosterone and cortisol metabolite levels from fecal *** found a positive relationship of host parasitation with both testosterone levels and the size of the dark ventral patch,but these relationships depended on the intensity of male–male competition in the population,being only found under the high-competition *** results are discussed under the hypothesis of the testosterone immunocompetence handicap,suggesting a cost at the immunological level,and,therefore,higher susceptibility to parasite infection in males that make a greater reproductive ***,this effect seems to be modulated by the social environment(male–male competition)that might lead to different optima in testosterone production and sexual trait development.

关键词： dark ventral patch fecal testosterone metabolites intrasexual competition male Iberian red deer parasite burden

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pregnancy and inflammatory bowel disease: Do we provide enough patient education? A British study of 1324 women

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第36期22卷 8219-8225页

作者： isabel Carbery Jihane Ghorayeb Anna Madill Christian p Selinger Leeds Gastroenterology Institute Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust School of psychology University of Leeds

AIM To examine patient knowledge and factors influencing knowledge about pregnancy in British women with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS This is a post hoc analysis of a study of female members of Crohn's and Colitis United Kingdom, aged 18-45 years who were sent an online questionnaire recording patient demographics, education, employment, marital status, and disease characteristics. Disease related pregnancy knowledge was recorded using Crohn's and colitis pregnancy knowledge score(CCpKnow).RESULTS Of 1324 responders, 776(59%) suffered from Crohn's disease, 496(38%) from ulcerative colitis and 52(4%) from IBD-uncategorised. CCpKnow scores were poor(0-7) in 50.8%, adequate(8-10) in 23.6%, good(11-13) in 17.7% and very good(≥ 14) in 7.8%. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that higher CCpKnow scores were independently associated with higher educational achievement(p p = 0.003) and having consulted a health care professional about pregnancy and IBD(p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Knowledge was poor in 50%. Speaking with healthcare professionals was a modifiable factor associated with better knowledge. This illustrates the importance of disease related pregnancy

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease patient knowledge pregnancy Reproduction

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Effect of polymer Inclusion in preparation of Thick LZO Buffer Layers for YBCO Coated Conductors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 261-266页

作者： Vyshnavi Narayanan isabel Van Driessche Sol-gel Centre for Research on Inorganic powders and Thin film Synthesis-SCRipTS Department of Inorganic and Physical ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281-S3B-9000 GentBelgium

In this work, water-based precursor solutions suitable for dip-coating of thick La2Zr2O7 （LZO） buffer layers for coated conductors on Ni-5%W substrates with an inclusion of polymeric polyvinyl pyrrolidone were developed. The effect of varying percentage of the polymer addition on the preparation of the deposited films with maximum crack-free thickness was investigated. This novel water-based chemical solution deposition method involving polymers in two different chelate-chemistry compositions revealed the possibility to grow single, crack-free layers with thicknesses ranging from 140 to 280 nm, with good crystallinity and epitaxial growth. The effect of increasing polymer concentrations on the morphology and the structure of the films was studied. The appropriate buffer layer action of the films in preventing Ni diffusion was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： Buffer layers Thick lanthanum zirconate films Chemical solution deposition polyvinyl pyrrolidone Water-based precursor design Coated conductors

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prevalence of visual impairment and refractive errors in an urban area of Mexico

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2019年第10期12卷 1612-1617页

作者： isabel Signes-Soler David p pinero Milagro Ines Murillo Silvia Tablada University of Valencia 46100 BurjassotValenciaSpain Vision Without Border 03710 CalpAlicanteSpain Department of Optics Pharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain

AIM: To determine the distribution of refractive errors in a school-age population in Quintana Roo(Mexico) in the framework of an international cooperation campaign for the prevention of blindness. METHODS: A sample of 2647 school-age children(ranging from 5 to 14 years old) with a mean age of 9.1±1.9 years old were tested by trained volunteers for distance visual acuity(VA) and refractive errors. The first screening examination included uncorrected distance visual acuity(UDVA) and VA with a +2.00 D lens. Inclusion criteria for a second complete cycloplegic eye examination performed by an optometrist were UDVA plete eye examination. Mean logMAR UDVA was 0.035±0.094(range 1.00 to 0.00 logMAR) for the right eyes and 0.036±0.160(range 1.00 to 0.00 logMAR) for the left eyes. Bilateral amblyopia was found in 17 children(2.7% of refracted eyes;0.64% of the total). The main reason for visual impairment(VI) in the sample analyzed was found to be refractive errors. In 12 children(1.9% of refracted eyes;0.45% of the total) the VI was bilateral and 9(1.4% of refracted eyes;0.34% of the total) achieved a corrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better in both eyes. Mean magnitude of sphere and refractive cylinder was +0.20±0.96 D and-0.43±0.85 D in right eyes, and +0.24±1.08 and-0.43±0.83 D in left eyes. The proportion of myopic eyes [standard equivalent(SE) ≤-0.50 D] was 4.6% of the whole sample(5290 eyes). The mean magnitude of myopia was-0.84±3.44 D for the right eyes and-0.82±5.21 D for the left eyes. The proportion of hyperopic patients(SE≥+2.00 D) was 2.4%(15/633), which corresponded to 0.60% of the whole sample(32/5290 eyes). No statistically significant correlation of age to manifest sphere or cylinder was ***: VI due to uncorrected refractive errors can be easily corrected with glasses but it is still a burden to be treated.

关键词： myopia hyperopia refractive error blindness visual impairment

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Changes in Olsen p in Relation to p Balance in Contrasting Agricultural Soils

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pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 636-642页

作者： isabel DIAZ Jose TORRENT Departamento de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos Escuela Tdcnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica(ETSIA)Universidad de SevillaCtra de Utrera km 141013 Sevilla(Spain) Departamento de Agronomia Universidad de CordobaEdificio C4Campus de Rabanales14071 Cordoba(Spain)

Maintaining soil phosphorus （p） at adequate levels for plant growth requires assessing how the long-term p balance （viz., the difference between p inputs and outputs） results in changes in soil test p. The hypothesis that routinely measured soil properties can help predict the conversion factor of p balance into Olsen p was tested at 39 sites in agricultural areas of the Mediterranean region in Spair~. A set of soil samples from each site was analyzed for Olsen p, inorganic p （p extracted using 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4）, pseudototal p （p extracted using 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 following ignition at 550 ~C）, and organic p （the difference between pseudototal p and inorganic p）. Organic and Olsen p were uncorrelated in most of the 39 soil sets, which suggests that organic p content changed little with p inputs and outputs. The slopes of the regression lines of Olsen p against pseudototal and inorganic p, which were used as two different measures of the conversion factor, ranged widely （from 0.03 to 0.25 approximately）, with their average values （about 0.10） being similar to those found in long-term experiments conducted in temperate areas. Neither conversion factor was significantly correlated with any routinely measured soil property; however, the conversion factor for inorganic p was significantly lower for calcareous soils than for noncalcareous soils. Our negative results suggest the need to isolate the influence of soil properties from that of management systems and environmental factors relating to p dynamics in future studies.

关键词： calcareous soils conversion factor inorganic p noncalcareous soils organic p pseudototal p soil property soil test p

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Reinforcing cement with pristine and functionalized carbon nanotubes:experimental and simulation studies

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2020年第4期11卷 370-386页

作者： Rosario G.Merodio-perea Alicia páez-pavón isabel Lado-Touriño School of Architecture Engineering and DesignDepartment of Industrial and Aerospace EngineeringUniversidad Europea De MadridVillaviciosa De OdónSpain

In recent years,the addition of carbon nanotubes to construction materials has attracted considerable interest,due to the improvement of mechanical,electrical,and thermal properties of *** incor-poration of carbon nanotubes into a cement matrix causes an increase of several mechanical properties of up to 170%even with low carbon nanotubes *** objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the type of functionalization and number of walls of carbon nanotubes on the interaction between these nanostructures and a cement surface and thus,on the improvement of their mechan-ical ***,single-walled and double-walled carbon nano-tubes were used to investigate the influence of the number of *** effect of carbon nanotube functionalization was studied using carbon nanotubes functionalized with carboxyl and carboxylate *** experimental results demonstrate that the incorporation of carbon nanotubes into the cement matrix improves the mechanical properties of the resulting *** carbon nanotubes perform better than pristine carbon *** attrac-tions play a central role in establishing strong interactions between the carbon nanotubes and the cement *** presence of neutral polar groups on the carbon nanotube surface also improves this *** number of walls seems to be less important.

关键词： Cement carbon nanotubes molecular dynamics

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Importance of human leukocyte antigen antibodies and leukocyte antigen/killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor genes in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第5期29卷 766-772页

作者： Manuel Muro isabel Legaz Immunology Service University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia(IMIB)Murcia 30120Spain Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine Biomedical Research Institute(IMIB)Regional Campus of International Excellence“Campus Mare Nostrum”Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30120Spain

Many mechanisms have been proposed to explain the hypothetical state of hepatic tolerance,which is described by eventual imbalances or deregulation in the balance of cytokines,mediators,effectors,and regulatory cells in the complex milieu of the *** this section,we will comment on the importance of donorspecific anti-human leukocyte antigen(HLA)antibodies(DSA)as well as the compatibility and pairings of HLA and killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor(KIR)genotypes in the evolution of liver ***,HLA compatibility,viral infections,and HLA-C/KIR combinations have all been linked to liver transplant rejection and *** have been reports of increased risk of acute and chronic rejection with ductopenia,faster graft fibrosis,biliary problems,poorer survival,and even de novo autoimmune hepatitis when DSAs are present in the *** mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)values of the DSAs and smaller graft size were associated with poorer patient outcomes,implying that high-risk patients with preformed DSAs should be considered for selecting the graft placed and desensitization methods,according to the ***,in a combined kidney-liver transplant,a pretransplant with a visible expression of several DSAs revealed that these antibodies were resistant to *** renal graft was lost owing to antibody-mediated rejection(AMR).The HLA antigens expressed by the transplanted liver graft influenced antibody *** are increasingly diagnosing AMR in liver transplants,and desensitization therapy has even been employed in situations of AMR,particularly in patients with DSAs in kidney-hepatic transplants and high-class II MFI due to *** conclusion,after revealing the negative impacts of DSAs with high MFI,pretransplant virtual crossmatch techniques may be appropriate to improve evolution;however,they may extend cold ischemia periods by requiring the donor to be typed.

关键词： Acute rejection Alloantibodies donor-specific antibodies-donor-specific anti-human leukocyte antigen antibodies Chronic rejection Human leukocyte antigen matching Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor matching Liver transplant

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Impact of socioeconomic and health-related factors on consumption of homeopathic and natural remedies in Spain in 2006, 2011 and 2017

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2022年第1期20卷 52-56页

作者： Jose Antonio Castilla-Jimena isabel Ruiz-perez Jesus Henares-Montiel Andalusian School of public Health 1801J GranadaSpain Unit of Clinical Management of preventive Medicine and public Health and Occupational Medicine Puerto del Mar University Hospital11009 CadizSpain Consortium for Networked Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and public Health 28029 MadridSpain Institute for Biosanitary Research(ibs.GRANADA) 18012 GranadaSpain

Objective: Complementary and alternative medicine use and type of use may be influenced by sociodemographic and economic determinants through which we could identify characteristics of patients with greater trend to use it. This paper aims to describe the changes in the consumption of homeopathic and natural remedies in Spain for three time points in order to discern changes in rate of consumption, associated factors and whether their use has been affected by a period of economic ***: This study utilized 2006, 2011 and 2017 cross-sectional data from the Spanish National Health Survey, a nationally representative survey of the population aged more than 15 years old and resident in Spain. Independent bivariate and multivariate descriptive analyses for each of the 3 years studied were ***: The rate of consumption of both homeopathic and natural remedies has decreased over the periods studied. In spite of this decrease, the consumer profile appears to remain stable over the three periods. The sociodemographic factors associated with their consumption were being female, being 30–64 years old, being separated/divorced, having higher education qualifications, being employed and belonging to a higher social class. psychiatric morbidity, chronic health problems such as pain, mental health problems or malignant tumors, and absence of major cardiovascular events were the clinical factors ***: It can be concluded that beyond the economic situation, the use of homeopathic and natural remedies obeys to the needs of the patients related to their state of health and the response they receive from the health system. It may be that women have different needs and expectations of the healthcare system and, given this breach of expectations, seek remedy to alleviate their needs outside the system and conventional medicine.

关键词： Complementary and alternative medicine Homeopathic remedies Natural remedies Economic recession Gender differences

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Ecological variation along the salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea Area and its consequences for reproduction in the common goby

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Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 259-270页

作者： isabel MUCK Katja U. HEUBEL Department of Biology University of Tuibingen Auf tier Morgenstelle 28 72076 Tuibingen Germany Institute for Zoology Ecological Research Station Rees University of Cologne Grietherbusch 3a D-46459 Rees Germany Tvarminne Zoological Station University of Helsinki J.A. Palmenin tie 260 10900 Hanko Finland

Although it has become clear that sexual selection may shape mating systems and drive speciation, the potential constraints of environmental factors on processes and outcomes of sexual selection are largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the geographic variation of such environmental factors, more precisely the quality and quantity of nest resources （bivalve shells） along a salinity gradient in the Baltic Sea Area （Baltic Sea, Sounds and Belts, and Kattegat）. We further test whether we find any salinity-associated morphological differences in body size between populations of common gobies pomatoschistus microps, a small marine fish with a resource-based mat- ing system. In a geographically expansive field study, we sampled 5 populations of p. microps occurring along the salinity gradient （decreasing from West to East） in the Baltic Sea Area over 3 consecutive years. Nest resource quantity and quality decreased from West to East, and a correla- tion between mussel size and male body size was detected. population density, sex ratios, mating- and reproductive success as well as brood characteristics also differed between populations but with a less clear relation to salinity. With this field study we shed light on geographic variation of distinct environmental parameters possibly acting on population differentiation. We provide insights on relevant ecological variation, and draw attention to its importance in the framework of context-dependent plasticity of sexual selection.

关键词： aquatic ecology body size environmental gradient nest availability nesting resources sexual selection.

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Does variable stand structure associated with multi-cohort forests support diversity of ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) communities in the central Nearctic boreal forest？

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第5期27卷 1191-1202页

作者： Erica p. Barkley Jay R. Malcolm Sandy M. Smith M. isabel Bellocq Faculty of Forestry University of Toronto 33 Willcocks Street Toronto ON M5S 3B3 Canada Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución IEGEBA(CONICET-UBA) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

Multi-cohort management （MCM） that retains a range of stand structures （age and size class） has been proposed to emulate natural disturbance and improve management in the Nearctic boreal forest. Although MCM forests contain both single- and multi-aged stands of mixed tree sizes, little is known about how variable stand structure affects associated fauna and biodiversity. Here, we examine the relationship between ground beetle （Coleoptera, Carabidae） communities and stand characteristics across a range of forest structure （=cohort classes）. Given that MCM classes are defined by the distribution of their tree-stem diameters, we ask whether parameters associated with these distributions （Weibull） could explain observed variation in carabid communities, and if so, how this compares to traditional habitat variables such as stand age, foliage complexity or volume of downed woody debris. We sampled carabids using weekly pitfall collections and compared these with structural habitat variables across a range of cohort classes （stand structure and age since disturbance） in 18 sites of upland mixed boreal forests from central Canada. Results showed that richness and diversity of carabid communities were similar among cohort classes. Weibull parameters from the diameter distribution of all stems were the strongest predictors of variation in carabid communities among sites, but vertical foliage complexity, understory thickness, and percentage of deciduous composition were also significant. The abundance of several carabid forest specialists was strongly correlated with tree canopy height, the presence of large trees, and high vertical foliage complexity. Our results demonstrate that variable forest structure, as expected under MCM, may be useful in retaining the natural range of ground beetle species across the central Nearctic boreal forest.

关键词： Biodiversity conservation Boreal forest Carabidae Forest structure Ground beetles Multi-cohortmanagement Tree diameter distribution

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