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High-resolution patterns of palaeoenvironmental changes during the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Climate Anomaly in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第5期11卷 1461-1475页

作者： Daniel Castro Martin Souto Maria isabel fraga Eduardo Garcia-Rodeja Sebastian Perez-Diaz Jose Antonio Lopez Saez Xabier Pontevedra-Pombal Dpto.Botanica Fac.BioloxiaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain Dpto.Edafoloxia e Quimica Agricola Fac.BioloxiaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain Dpto.Geografia Urbanismo y Ordenacion Del TerritorioETS CaminosCanales y PuertosUniversidad de CantabriaSpain GI Arqueobiologia Instituto de HistoriaCCHS–CSICMadridSpain

to identify plant macrofossils,estimate peat humification and calculate hydroclimatic indices based on current bog species,with the overall aim of determining the climate conditions associated with evolution of the bog during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice *** proxies,together with historical and climate data,proved to be good indicators of the changes in bog surface ***:of the core led to identification of 9 different periods:two corresponding to the so-called Medieval Climate Anomaly(930 to 1345 AD,1075–665 calibrated years before present[*** BP]);four corresponding to the Little Ice Age(1345 to 1905 AD;665–105 cal yr BP);and three corresponding to the last century(1905 to 2000 AD).The findings revealed a generally dry climate that lasted until the 14th century,followed by a transition to a long period with a more humid,but characteristically very variable climate,which ended at the beginning of the 20th century and was followed by a rapid transition to more humid conditions and finally,a change to drier *** Medieval Climate Anomaly was indicated by the abundance of dry-adapted mosses(Leucobryum glaucum,Hypnum cupressiforme)and characterized by warm dry conditions and high levels of peat humification,with alternating wet *** LIA period was dated by a large abundance of Sphagnum species(an indicator of wetness)and a gradual increase in the humification ***,four different climate phases were differentiated in this ***-resolution reconstruction of the evolution of the CVM bog and the multiproxy approach have together enabled a more detailed identification of climatic variations in this area,which are generally consistent with the global models,as well as better definition of the elusive climatic oscillations in the last millennium and confirmation of the importance of local modulation of global *** study provides new information and a detailed chronology of climatic events that will hel

关键词： Last millennium Raised bog Plant macrofossil Humification analysis Southwest Europe Climate change

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10,000 years of climate control over carbon accumulation in an Iberian bog(southwestern Europe)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1521-1533页

作者： Xabier Pontevedra-Pombal Daniel Castro Martín Souto isabel fraga William H. Blake Maarten Blaauw José A. López-Sáez Sebastián Pérez-Díaz Marcos Valcárcel Eduardo García-Rodeja Dpto.Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola Fac.BioloxíaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain Dpto.Botánica Fac.BioloxíaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of PlymouthUK School of Natural and Built Environment Queen’s University BelfastNorthern IrelandUK GI Arqueobiología Instituto de HistoriaCCHS - CSICMadridSpain Dpto.Xeografía Fac.Xeografía e HistoriaUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaGaliciaSpain

The northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula is home to a unique ecosystem of bogs,which are particularly sensitive to projected climate cha *** this context,the rate of carbon(C)accumulation in Chao de Veiga *** intact raised bog,was *** in the accumulation rate over the past10 millennia were determined in a peat core of 847 cm in depth,with a high mean rate of peat growth(11 yr cm^-1,0.09 cm yr^-1).An age-depth model was generated from 22 14C dates and fallout ***,stratigraphical and physico-chemical data confirmed the existence of a single cycle of peat formation throughout the Holocene and the formation of ombrotrophic peat 9500 years *** total mean C content was 50.2%,and over 10 millennia 583 kg C m^-2 accumulated at a mean rate of 35.3 g C m^-2 yr^-1,with a long-term(apparent)rate of carbon accumulation in the catotelm of59.9 g C m^-2 yr^-*** values are much higher than reported for other Iberian peatlands and are amongst the highest documented for peatlands in the northern *** dynamics of C accumulation and other measured parameters reveals important variations throughout the *** could be associated with the main climatic events described in the northern hemisphere and are highly consistent with models established for northern *** Chao de Veiga Mol raised bog is unique and of great potential value for carrying out high resolution palaeoenvironmental studies,especially in relation to regional and Iocal modulations in southern Europe.

关键词： Peatland Geochemistry Holocene Climate change Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction

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Adverse hepatic reactions associated with calcium carbimide and disulfiram therapy: Is there still a role for these drugs?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第31期12卷 5078-5080页

作者： Carmen Verge M isabel Lucena Enrique López-Torres M José Puche-García Enrique fraga Manuel Romero-Gomez Raúl J Andrade Clinical Pharmacology ServiceVirgen de la Victoria University Hospital School of MedicineMálagaSpain Gastroenterology ServiceUniversity Hospital Reina Sofia CórdobaSpain Gastroenterology ServiceUniversity Hospital Virgen de Valme SevillaSpain Liver UnitDepartment of Gastroenterology University HospitalMálagaSpain

Disulfiram and calcium carbimide are two alcohol deterrants widely used in alcoholism treatment, however, there exist great concerns over their safety. Reports on hepatotoxicity, mainly related to disulfiram therapy, have been published. The hepatotoxic potential of calcium carbimide is less well characterized. Here, we describe four cases of liver damage related to this therapeutic group that were submitted to a Registry of hepatotoxicity and point out the limitations that we face when prescribing these compounds. A reassessment of the role of these compounds in the management of alcohol dependence is clearly needed.

关键词： Calcium carbimide Disulfiram Hepatotoxicity

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Phase-driven progress in nanophotonic biosensing

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第5期13卷 798-800页

作者： isabel Barth Hakho Lee Center for Systems Biology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA

In the continuous pursuit of enhancing the sensitivity of nanophotonic biosensors by leveraging phase phenomena,a recent development involved the engineering of an atomically thin Ge2Sb2Te5 layer on a silver nanofilm ... 详细信息

关键词： silver Ge2Sb2Te5 pursuit

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Dysregulation of apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第5期15卷 513-520页

作者： isabel Fabregat Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) and Universitat de Barcelona 08907 L'Hospitalet Barcelona Spain

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a major health prob- lem, being the sixth most common cancer world-wide. Dysregulation of the balance between proliferation and cell death represents a pro-tumorigenic principle in hu- man hepatocarcinogenesis. This review updates the recent relevant contributions reporting molecular altera- tions for HCC that induce an imbalance in the regulation of apoptosis. Alterations in the expression and/or activation of p53 are frequent in HCC cells, which confer on them resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. Many HCCs are also insensitive to apoptosis induced either by death receptor ligands, such as FasL or TRAIL, or by transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）. Although the expression of some pro-apoptotic genes is decreased, the balance between death and survival is dysregulated in HCC mainly due to overactivation of anti-apoptotic pathways. Indeed, some molecules involved in counter- acting apoptosis, such as Bcl-X1, Mcl-1, c-IAP1, XIAP or survivin are over-expressed in HCC cells. Furthermore, some growth factors that mediate cell survival are upregulated in HCC, as well as the molecules involved in the machinery responsible for cleavage of their pro- forms to an active peptide. The expression and/or activation of the JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT and RAS/ERKs path- ways are enhanced in many HCC cells, conferring on them resistance to apoptotic stimuli. Finally, recent evi- dence indicates that inflammatory processes, as well as the epithelial-mesenchymal transitions that occur in HCC cells to facilitate their dissemination, are related to cell survival. Therefore, therapeutic strategies to selectively inhibit anti-apoptotic signals in liver tumor cells have the potential to provide powerful tools to treat HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma cells Apoptosis Liver cancer p53, Transforming growth factor-beta Liver inflammation Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition

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Effect of Polymer Inclusion in Preparation of Thick LZO Buffer Layers for YBCO Coated Conductors

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2013年第3期29卷 261-266页

作者： Vyshnavi Narayanan isabel Van Driessche Sol-gel Centre for Research on Inorganic Powders and Thin film Synthesis-SCRiPTS Department of Inorganic and Physical ChemistryGhent UniversityKrijgslaan 281-S3B-9000 GentBelgium

In this work, water-based precursor solutions suitable for dip-coating of thick La2Zr2O7 （LZO） buffer layers for coated conductors on Ni-5%W substrates with an inclusion of polymeric polyvinyl pyrrolidone were developed. The effect of varying percentage of the polymer addition on the preparation of the deposited films with maximum crack-free thickness was investigated. This novel water-based chemical solution deposition method involving polymers in two different chelate-chemistry compositions revealed the possibility to grow single, crack-free layers with thicknesses ranging from 140 to 280 nm, with good crystallinity and epitaxial growth. The effect of increasing polymer concentrations on the morphology and the structure of the films was studied. The appropriate buffer layer action of the films in preventing Ni diffusion was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

关键词： Buffer layers Thick lanthanum zirconate films Chemical solution deposition Polyvinyl pyrrolidone Water-based precursor design Coated conductors

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Platelet-rich plasma： combinational treatment modalities for musculoskeletal conditions

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Frontiers of Medicine 2018年第2期12卷 139-152页

作者： isabel Andia Michele Abate Regenerative Medicine Laboratory RioCruces Health Research Institute Cruces University Hospital 48903 Barakaldo Spain Department of Medicine and Science of Aging University G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara 66013 Chieti Scalo Italy

Current research on common musculoskeletal problems, including osteoart]cular cona]t]ons, tendinopathies, and muscle injuries, focuses on regenerative translational medicine. Platelet-rich plasma therapies have emerged as a potential approach to enhance tissue repair and regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma application aims to provide supraphysiological concentrations of platelets and optionally leukocytes at injured/pathological tissues mimicking the initial stages of healing. However, the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma is controversial in chronic diseases because patients＇ outcomes show partial improvements. Platelet-rich plasma can be customized to specific conditions by selecting the most appropriate formulation and timing for application or by combining platelet-rich plasma with synergistic or complementary treatments. To achieve this goal, researchers should identify and enhance the main mechanisms of healing. In this review, the interactions between platelet-rich plasma and healing mechanisms were addressed and research opportunities for customized treatment modalities were outlined. The development of combinational platelet-rieh plasma treatments that can be used safely and effectively to manipulate healing mechanisms would be valuable and would provide insights into the processes involved in physiological healing and pathological failure.

关键词： regenerative medicine joint conditions muscle injuries platelet rich plasma tendinopathy healing mechanisms

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Changes in Olsen P in Relation to P Balance in Contrasting Agricultural Soils

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Pedosphere 2016年第5期26卷 636-642页

作者： isabel DIAZ Jose TORRENT Departamento de Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos Escuela Tdcnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica(ETSIA)Universidad de SevillaCtra de Utrera km 141013 Sevilla(Spain) Departamento de Agronomia Universidad de CordobaEdificio C4Campus de Rabanales14071 Cordoba(Spain)

Maintaining soil phosphorus （P） at adequate levels for plant growth requires assessing how the long-term P balance （viz., the difference between P inputs and outputs） results in changes in soil test P. The hypothesis that routinely measured soil properties can help predict the conversion factor of P balance into Olsen P was tested at 39 sites in agricultural areas of the Mediterranean region in Spair~. A set of soil samples from each site was analyzed for Olsen P, inorganic P （P extracted using 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4）, pseudototal P （P extracted using 0.5 mol L-1 H2SO4 following ignition at 550 ~C）, and organic P （the difference between pseudototal P and inorganic P）. Organic and Olsen P were uncorrelated in most of the 39 soil sets, which suggests that organic P content changed little with P inputs and outputs. The slopes of the regression lines of Olsen P against pseudototal and inorganic P, which were used as two different measures of the conversion factor, ranged widely （from 0.03 to 0.25 approximately）, with their average values （about 0.10） being similar to those found in long-term experiments conducted in temperate areas. Neither conversion factor was significantly correlated with any routinely measured soil property; however, the conversion factor for inorganic P was significantly lower for calcareous soils than for noncalcareous soils. Our negative results suggest the need to isolate the influence of soil properties from that of management systems and environmental factors relating to P dynamics in future studies.

关键词： calcareous soils conversion factor inorganic P noncalcareous soils organic P pseudototal P soil property soil test P

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Refractive error study in young subjects：results from a rural area in Paraguay

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第3期10卷 467-472页

作者： isabel Signes-Soler Non-govemmental Organization Vision Without Borders (Visio Sense Fronteres) Alicante 03710 Spain School of Advanced Education Research and Accreditation (SAERA) Castellon de la Plana 12001 Spain Faculty of Optics and Optometry University Complutense of Madrid Madrid 28037 Spain European University of Madrid Madrid 28108 Spain Foundation for the Visual Quality (FUNCAVIS) Alicante 03016 Spain Department of Optics Pharmacology and Anatomy University of Alicante Alicante 03690 Spain

AIM：To evaluate the distribution of refractive error in young subjects in a rural area of Paraguay in the context of an international cooperation campaign for the prevention of blindness. METHODS：A sample of 1466 young subjects（ranging from 3 to 22 years old）,with a mean age of 11.21±3.63 years old,were examined to assess their distance visual acuity（VA）and refractive error. The first screening examination performed by trained volunteers,included visual acuity testing,autokeratometry and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Inclusion criteria for a second complete cycloplegic eye examination by an optometrist were VA 〈20/25（0.10 log MAR or 0.8 decimal）and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D. RESULTS：An uncorrected distance VA of 0 log MAR（1.0decimal）was found in 89.2% of children. VA 〈20/25 and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D was found in 3.9% of children（n=57）,with a prevalence of hyperopia of 5.2%（0.2%of the total）in this specific group. Furthermore,myopia（spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 D）was found in 37.7% of the refracted children（0.5% of the total）. The prevalence of refractive astigmatism（cylinder ≤-1.50 D）was 15.8%（0.6% of the total）. Visual impairment（VI）（0.05≤VA≤0.3）was found in 12/114（0.4%）of the refracted eyes. Main causes for VI were refractive error（58%）,retinal problems（17%,2/12）,albinism（17%,2/12）and unknown（8%,1/12）.CONCLUSION：A low prevalence of refractive error has been found in this rural area of Paraguay,with higher prevalence of myopia than of hyperopia.

关键词： refractive error blindness visual impairment myopia hyperopia

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Stressful living in lower-quality habitats?Body mass,feeding behavior and physiological stress levels in wild wood mouse populations

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第1期14卷 114-126页

作者： Álvaro NAVARRO-CASTILLA isabel BARJA Department of Biology Unit of ZoologyFaculty of SciencesAutonomous University of MadridSpain

Wild populations are continuously subjected to changes in environmental factors that pose different *** condition and hormones have been commonly used as health indicators due to their potential correlation with *** the present study,we analyzed whether habitats of different quality influenced body mass,food intake and physiological stress levels in wild wood mice(Apodemus sylvaticus).Field work was seasonally carried out in Holm oak woods and pine forests in central Spain.A total of 93 wood mice from 4 different populations(2 per habitat type)were *** each captured individual we noted body mass and food intake,measured as the amount of bait remaining in each *** physiological stress levels were measured non-inva-sively in collected fresh feces by quantifying fecal corticosterone metabolites(FCM)with a 5a-pregnane-3ß,11ß,21-triol-20-one enzyme *** mice abundances decreased from spring to summer,were higher in Holm oak woods than in pine forests and also resulted in different age-class distribution between both *** inhabiting pine forests showed a lower body mass and increased food intake,probably because of the comparatively lower food quality and availability in this ***,these individuals showed increased physiological stress levels,likely due to the lower quality habitat in relation to both food and vegetation cover ***,besides affecting local wood mouse abundance,our study underscores the effect of habitat quality on body mass,food intake and the endocrine stress *** the wood mouse’s piv-otal position in ecosystems,these results could help in the understanding of environmental traits hampering the viability of wild populations.

关键词： Apodemus sylvaticus body condition corticosterone environmental factors fecal corticosterone metabolites feeding behavior

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