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Evolving concepts in bone infection: redefining “biofilm”,“acute vs. chronic osteomyelitis”, “the immune proteome” and “local antibiotic therapy”

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Bone Research 2019年第3期7卷 225-242页

作者： Elysia A. Masters Ryan P. Trombetta Karen L. de Mesy Bentley Brendan F Boyce Ann Lindley Gill Steven R. Gill Kohei Nishitani Masahiro Ishikawa Yugo Morita Hiromu Ito Sheila N. Bello-Irizarry Mark Ninomiya James D. Brodell Jr. Charles C. Lee Stephanie P. Hao irvin oh Chao Xie Hani A. Awad John L. Daiss John R. Owen Stephen L. Kates Edward M. Schwarz Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedics University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Microbiology & Immunology University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center Richmond VA USA

Osteomyelitis is a devastating disease caused by microbial infection of bone. While the frequency of infection following elective orthopedic surgery is low, rates of reinfection are disturbingly high. Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for the majority of chronic osteomyelitis cases and is often considered to be incurable due to bacterial persistence deep within bone. Unfortunately, there is no consensus on clinical classifications of osteomyelitis and the ensuing treatment algorithm. Given the high patient morbidity,mortality, and economic burden caused by osteomyelitis, it is important to elucidate mechanisms of bone infection to inform novel strategies for prevention and curative treatment. Recent discoveries in this field have identified three distinct reservoirs of bacterial biofilm including: Staphylococcal abscess communities in the local soft tissue and bone marrow, glycocalyx formation on implant hardware and necrotic tissue, and colonization of the osteocyte-lacuno canalicular network(OLCN) of cortical bone. In contrast, *** intracellular persistence in bone cells has not been substantiated in vivo, which challenges this mode of chronic osteomyelitis. There have also been major advances in our understanding of the immune proteome against S. aureus, from clinical studies of serum antibodies and media enriched for newly synthesized antibodies(MENSA), which may provide new opportunities for osteomyelitis diagnosis, prognosis, and vaccine development. Finally, novel therapies such as antimicrobial implant coatings and antibiotic impregnated 3D-printed scaffolds represent promising strategies for preventing and managing this devastating disease. Here, we review these recent advances and highlight translational opportunities towards a cure.

关键词： disease caused by soft tissue necrotic tissuel

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Over 100-THz bandwidth selective difference frequency generation at LaAlO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) nanojunctions

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 968-974页

作者： Lu Chen Erin Sutton Hyungwoo Lee Jung-Woo Lee Jianan Li Chang-Beom Eom Patrick irvin Jeremy Levy Department of Physics and Astronomy University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15260USA Pittsburgh Quantum Institute PittsburghPA 15260USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWA 53706USA

The ability to combine continuously tunable narrow-band terahertz(THz)generation that can access both the farinfrared and mid-infrared regimes with nanometer-scale spatial resolution is highly promising for identifying underlying light-matter interactions and realizing selective control of rotational or vibrational resonances in nanoparticles or ***,we report selective difference frequency generation with over 100 THz bandwidth via femtosecond optical pulse *** THz emission is generated at nanoscale junctions at the interface of LaAlO_(3)/SrTiO_(3)(LAO/STO)that is defined by conductive atomic force microscope lithography,with the potential to perform THz spectroscopy on individual nanoparticles or *** simulation of the time-domain signal facilitates the identification of components that contribute to the THz *** ultra-wide-bandwidth tunable nanoscale coherent THz source transforms the LAO/STO interface into a promising platform for integrated lab-on-chip optoelectronic devices with various functionalities.

关键词： tunable lithography selective

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产业集群协同创新赋能企业核心竞争力研究——以绿色食品产业集群为例

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江苏大学学报（社会科学版） 2022年第4期24卷 114-124页

作者：黄妍 Mark irvin C.Celis 王国栋菲律宾莱西姆大学管理学菲律宾莱西姆大学不详

本研究在构建企业核心竞争力与外部可观测特征关系模型的基础上,基于淮安、宿迁、徐州地区880家绿色食品产业集群成员企业的调查数据,评价绿色食品产业集群协同创新对成员企业核心竞争力的赋能效应,诊断制约绿色食品产业集群协同创新的... 详细信息

本研究在构建企业核心竞争力与外部可观测特征关系模型的基础上,基于淮安、宿迁、徐州地区880家绿色食品产业集群成员企业的调查数据,评价绿色食品产业集群协同创新对成员企业核心竞争力的赋能效应,诊断制约绿色食品产业集群协同创新的主要因素。研究发现:企业深度参与产业集群协同创新,核心竞争力显著增强,赋能效果好;企业不具备协同创新条件,无协同创新实质活动,赋能效果差。在制约企业参与协同创新的主要因素中,资金最为关键。在技术层面需要加快推动绿色食品技术研发,在机制层面上需要以企业为创新主体,“产—学—研”“校—政—企”深度融合,完善成果转化、攻坚激励、要素保障等机制。

关键词：产业集群核心竞争力绿色食品产业协同创新区域发展分类系统

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金刚石研磨和加工精度的实现

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航空制造技术 2012年第12期55卷 96-97页

作者： Mark irvin 英格斯公司

"金刚石"这个词使人想到是"昂贵",但是用金刚石磨料进行研磨加工,却相对"低廉"——更少的金刚石研磨浆被消耗,每小时更低的运行成本,产生更少的废料,更短的加工时间,更低的废品率,更少的工序步骤.

关键词：金刚石研磨金刚石磨料运行成本研磨加工加工时间废品率磨浆工序废料

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Comparison of hepatitis C virus testing recommendations in high-income countries

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World Journal of Hepatology 2018年第10期10卷 743-751页

作者： Risha irvin Kathleen Ward Tracy Agee Noele P Nelson Claudia Vellozzi David L Thomas Alexander J Millman Division of Infectious Diseases Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Division of Viral Hepatitis Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

AIM To investigate hepatitis C virus(HCV) testing recommendations from the United States and other high-income *** A comprehensive search for current HCV testing recommendations from the top quartile of United Nations Human Development Index(HDI) countries(very high HDI) was performed using Google and reviewed from May 1-October 30, 2014 and re-reviewed April 1-October 2, 2017. RESULTS Of the 51 countries identified, 16 had HCV testing recom-mendations from a government body or recommendations issued collaboratively between a government and a medical organization. Of these 16 countries, 15 had HCV testing recommendations that were primarily risk-based and highlight behaviors, exposures, and conditions that are associated with HCV transmission in that region. In addition to risk-based testing, the HCV Guidance Panel(United States) incorporates recommendations for aone-time test for individuals born during 1945-1965(the birth cohort) without prior ascertainment of risk into their guidance. In addition to the United States, six other countries either have an age-based testing recommendation or recommend one-time testing for all adults independent of risk factors typical of the region. CONCLUSION This review affirmed the similarities of the HCV Guidance Panel's guidance with those of recommendations from very high HDI countries.

关键词： Hepatitis C Testing Recommendations Mass screening Guidelines

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Overview of the Prevalence and Associated Risk, Factors of Lifestyle Diseases in University Students

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2017年第5期8卷 344-352页

作者： Damar Nagheer Rachael irvin Novie Younger-Coleman Department of Medical Sciences Biochemistry Section The University of the West Indies Mona Campus Mona Jamaica

Background: The prevalence of lifestyle diseases is increasing rapidly in Youths (17 - 25 yrs). Factors such as poor diet, little or no physical exercise, and smoking are major contributors to this increase. Lifestyle diseases in youths present a timeline challenge as disease duration is longer and financial burden more costly. Aim: To analyse and synthesize published literature on the prevalence of and risk factors associated with four lifestyle diseases—obesity, hypertension, diabetes and cancer—in university/college students worldwide. Results: The literature indicates that among lifestyle diseases in university/college students, overweight/obesity (Body Mass Index > 25 kg/m2) had the highest prevalence of 45.6% and duration of approximately 5 years. Cardiovascular diseases and hypertension had lower prevalence rates but prehypertension which lingers >4 years was at 32.0%. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) had a fairly high prevalence in college students (21.7%);type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was found in much lower percentage (12.95%). Cancer had the lowest prevalence of >2% but was increasing in most regions based on the presence of multiple risk factors. Conclusion: Increase prevalence of these diseases in youths indicates that young people are at high risk of developing these diseases due to poor early lifestyle habits. Early corrective measures can reduce the burden of many lifestyle diseases.

关键词： DM1 (Diabetes Mellitus Type 1) DM2 (Diabetes Mellitus Type 2) WHR (Waist-Hip Ratio) Obesity World Health Organization (WHO)

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Phosphorylcholine polymer nanocapsules prolong the circulation time and reduce the immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins

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Nano Research 2016年第4期9卷 1022-1031页

作者： Sheng Liang Yang Liu Xin Jin Gan Liu Jing Wen Linlin Zhang Jie Li Xubo Yuan irvin S.Y. Chen Wei Chen Hui Wang Linqi Shi Xinyuan Zhu Yunfeng Lu Department of Nuclear Medicine Xinhua HospitalAffiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200092 China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics University of California Los Angeles CA 90095 USA Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Institute of Polymer Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 30007 I China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering ShanghaiJiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China Beiiina Institute ofBiatechnoloav. Beiiina 100071. China

Protein therap34 wherein therapeutic proteins are delivered to treat disorders, is considered the safest and most direct approach for treating diseases. However, its applications are highly limited by the paucity of efficient strategies for delivering proteins and the rapid clearance of therapeutic proteins in vivo after their administration. Here, we demonstrate a novel strategy that can significantly prolong the circulation time of therapeutic proteins as well as minimize their immunogenicity. This is achieved by encapsulating individual protein molecules with a thin layer of crosslinked phosphorylcholine polymer that resists protein adsorption. Through extensive cellular studies, we demonstrate that the crosslinked phosphorylcholine polymer shell effectively prevents the encapsulated protein from being phagocytosed by macrophages, which play an essential role in the clearance of nanoparfides in vivo. Moreover, the polymer shell prevents the encapsulated protein from being identified by immune cells. As a result, immune responses against the therapeutic protein are effectively suppressed. This work describes a feasible method to prolong the circulation time and reduce the immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins, which may promote the development and application of novel protein therapies in the treatment of diverse diseases.

关键词： protein nanocapsule,protein delivery,protein therapy long-circulation,stealth therapeutic

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Robotic pendant drop:containerless liquid for μs-resolved,AI-executable XPCS

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1857-1866页

作者： Doga Yamac Ozgulbas Don Jensen Jr. Rory Butler Rafael Vescovi Ian T.Foster Michael irvin Yasukazu Nakaye Miaoqi Chu Eric M.Dufresne Soenke Seifert Gyorgy Babnigg Arvind Ramanathan Qingteng Zhang Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Departement of Computer Science University of Chicago5801 S Ellis AveChicagoIL 60637USA XRD Design and Engineering Department Rigaku Corporation 3-9-12 Matsubara-choAkishima-shiTokyo 196-8666Japan Bioscience Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

The dynamics and structure of mixed phases in a complex fluid can significantly impact its material properties,such as ***-angle X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy(SA-XPCS)can probe the spontaneous spatial fluctuations of the mixed phases under various in situ environments over wide spatiotemporal ranges(10−6–103 s/10−10–10−6 m).Tailored material design,however,requires searching through a massive number of sample compositions and experimental parameters,which is beyond the bandwidth of the current coherent X-ray *** 3.7-μs-resolved XPCS synchronized with the clock frequency at the Advanced Photon Source,we demonstrated the consistency between the Brownian dynamics of~100 nm diameter colloidal silica nanoparticles measured from an enclosed pendant drop and a sealed *** electronic pipette can also be mounted on a robotic arm to access different stock solutions and create complex fluids with highly-repeatable and precisely controlled composition *** closed-loop,AI-executable protocol is applicable to light scattering techniques regardless of the light wavelength and optical coherence,and is a first step towards high-throughput,autonomous material discovery.

关键词： resolved sealed mounted

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直视骄阳

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作者： (美)irvin D. Yalom

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给心理治疗师的礼物

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作者： (美)irvin D. Yalom

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