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Not just fuel: energy stores are correlated with immune function and oxidative damage in a long-distance migrant

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 21-28页

作者： Cas EIKENAAR Arne HEGEMANN Florian PACKMOR iris KLEUDGEN Caroline ISAKSSON Institute of Avian Research 26386 WilhelmshavenGermany Department of Biology Lund UniversityLundSE-22362Sweden School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityDeiniol RoadBangorLL572DGUK

In many animals,catabolic and anabolic periods are temporally *** birds alternate energy expenditure during flight with energy accumulation during *** size of the energy stores at stopover affects the decision to resume migration and thus the temporal organization of *** now provide data suggesting that it is not only the size of the energy stores per se that may influence migration scheduling,but also the physiological consequences of *** two subspecies of the northern wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe,a long-distance migrant,estimated energy stores at a stopover during autumn migration were positively related with both constitutive innate and acquired immune function,and negatively related with oxidative damage to *** other words,migrants'physiological condition was associated with their energetic *** time spent at stopover before sampling may have contributed to this relationship,our results suggest that migrants have to trade-off the depletion of energy stores during flight with incurring physiological *** will affect migrants'decisions when to start and when to terminate a migratory *** physiological costs associated with the depletion of energy stores may also help explaining why migrants often arrive at and depart from stopover sites with larger energy stores than *** propose that studies on the role of energy stores as drivers of the temporal organization of(avian)migration need to consider physiological condition,such as immunological and oxidative states.

关键词： migration oxidative stress eco-immunology immunity fat stores physiology

Modelling and simulating Chikungunya spread with an unstructured triangular cellular automata

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 197-220页

作者： Gerardo Ortigoza Fred Brauer iris Neri Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad VeracruzanaBoca Del RíoVerMexico Mathematics Department University of British ColumbiaVancouverB.CCanada Maestría en Gestion Integrada de Cuencas Universidad Autonoma de QueretaroMexico

In this work we propose a mathematical model to simulate Chikungunya spread;the spread model is implemented in a C++ cellular automata code defined on unstructured triangular grids and space visualizations are performed with *** order to simulate the time space spread of the Chikungunya diseases we include assumptions such as:heterogeneous human and vector densities,population mobility,geographically localized points of infection using geographical information systems,changes in the probabilities of infection,extrinsic incubation and mosquito death rate due to environmental *** experiments reproduce the qualitative behavior of diseases spread and provide an insight to develop strategies to prevent the diseases spread.

关键词： Cellular automata Unstructured triangular grids Chikungunya spread

Circulating CD14＋ monocytes in patients with aortic stenosis

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2016年第1期13卷 81-87页

作者： Sara Shimoni Valery Meledin iris Bar Jacob Fabricant Gera Gandelman Jacob George Heart Institute Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot Israel

BackgroundCalcific aortic stenosis （AS） is an active process sharing similarities with atherosclerosis and chronic inflammation. The pathophysiology of AS is notable for three cardinal components： inflammation, fibrosis and calcification. Monocytes play a role in each of these processes. The role of circulating monocytes in AS is not clear. The aim of the present study was to study an association between cir-culating apoptotic and non apoptotic CD14＋ monocytes and AS *** assessed the number of CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes in 54 patients with significant AS （aortic valve area 0.74 ± 0.27 cm2） and compared them to 33 patients with similar risk factors and no valvular disease. The level of CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic monocytes was assessed by flow *** was no difference in the risk factor profile and known coronary or peripheral vascular diseases between patients with AS and ***-tients with AS exhibited increased numbers of CD14＋ monocytes as compared to controls （9.9% ± 4.9%vs. 7.7% ± 3.9%,P= 0.03）. CD14＋ monocyte number was related to age and the presence and severity of AS. In patients with AS, both CD14＋ monocytes and apoptotic mono-cytes were inversely related to aortic valve *** with significant AS have increased number of circulating CD14＋ monocytes and there is an inverse correlation between monocyte count and aortic valve area. These findings may suggest that inflammation is operative not only in early valve injury phase, but also at later developed stages such as calcification when AS is severe.

关键词： Aortic stenosis Inflammation Monocytes

Depressive disorder and antidepressants from an epigenetic point of view

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第9期12卷 1150-1168页

作者： iris Šalamon Arčan Katarina Kouter Alja Videtič Paska Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana SI-1000Slovenia

Depressive disorder is a complex,heterogeneous disease that affects approximately 280 million people ***,genetic,and neurobiological factors contribute to the depressive *** the nervous system is susceptible to shifts in activity of epigenetic modifiers,these allow for significant plasticity and response to rapid changes in the *** the most studied epigenetic modifications in depressive disorder is DNA methylation,with findings centered on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene,the glucocorticoid receptor gene,and the serotonin transporter *** order to identify biomarkers that would be useful in clinical settings,for diagnosis and for treatment response,further research on antidepressants and alterations they cause in the epigenetic landscape throughout the genome is *** on cornerstone antidepressants,such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors,selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors,norepinephrine,and dopamine reuptake inhibitors and their effects on depressive disorder are available,but systematic conclusions on their effects are still hard to draw due to the highly heterogeneous nature of the *** addition,two novel drugs,ketamine and esketamine,are being investigated particularly in association with treatment of resistant depression,which is one of the hot topics of contemporary research and the field of precision psychiatry.

关键词： Epigenetics Depression DNA methylation Histone tail modification microRNA Antidepressants

Histopathology of hepatocellular carcinoma-when and what

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 35-49页

作者： Doreen Maria Gisder Andrea Tannapfel iris Tischoff Institut der Pathologie Ruhr Universität BochumBochum 44789Germany

When do you need to take biopsies of the liver,and what information will you get is the topic of this review on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).If,clinically,the differential diagnosis of HCC after imaging is suggested,a biopsy has become obligatory as a diagnostic confirmation of HCC in the non-cirrhotic liver prior to definitive therapeutic interventions,as well as in a palliative therapy *** the case of hepatic lesions with an uncharacteristic contrast uptake,a biopsy should be performed immediately to confirm the diagnosis of *** diagnosing HCC,a treatment strategy is ***,the biopsy,or in case of surgical treatment,the resected tissue,shows us the different subtypes of HCC,with the steatohepatitic subtype being the most common and the lymphocyte-rich subtype being the least ***,the histological grade of HCC is determined according to the grading system of the WHO or the Edmonson and Steiner *** biopsies,HCC can be differentiated from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma or combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma or metastases of other malignant tumors,especially metastases of the gastrointestinal *** summary,biopsies are fundamental in the diagnosis of HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma biopsies histology

Epigenetics in psychiatry:Beyond DNA methylation

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第6期13卷 319-330页

作者： Katarina Kouter irisŠalamon Arčan Alja VidetičPaska Faculty of Medicine Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia Faculty of Medicine Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljana 1000Slovenia

The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated,since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical *** be able to address this problem more effectively,we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric *** of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic *** some epigenetic modifications(such as DNA methylation)are well known and studied,the roles of others have been investigated much *** hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification,which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neurodevelopment and *** contrast to DNA methylation,DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein *** no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders,the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment,which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders,and because hydoxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.

关键词： Mood disorders Suicide Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Hydroxymethylation 5-hydroxymethycytosine Gene expression

Relaxin prevents the development of severe acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第10期12卷 1558-1568页

作者： Laura iris Cosen-Binker Marcelo Gustavo Binker Rodica Cosen Gustavo Negri Osvaldo Tiscornia RHC-LICB Medical Research Institute-Buenos Aires Argentina Programa de Estudios Pancreáticos-Hospital de Clinicas Universidad de Buenos AiresArgentina Cátedra de Gastroenterologia y Enzimologia Clinica-Departamento de Bioquimica ClinicaFacultad de Farmacia y BioquimicaUniversidad de Buenos AiresArgentina RHC-LICB Medical Research Institute-Buenos Aires Argentina Programa de Estudios Pancreáticos-Hospital de Clínicas Universidad de Buenos AiresArgentina RHC-LICB Medical Research Institute-Buenos Aires Argentina Cátedra de Gastroenterología y Enzimología Clínica-Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquimica Universidad de Buenos AiresArgentina Programa de Estudios Pancreáticos-Hospital de Clínicas Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

AIM： TO investigate the severity of acute pancreatitis （AP） is associated to the intensity of leukocyte activation, inflammatory up-regulation and microcirculatory disruption associated to ischernia-reperfusion injury. Hicrovascular integrity and inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators are key-factors in the evolution of AP. Relaxin is an insulin-like hormone that has been attributed vasorelaxant properties via the nitric oxide pathway while behaving as a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. METHODS： AP was induced by the bilio-pancreatic duct-outlet-exclusion closed-duodenal-loops model. Treatment with relaxin was done at different timepoints. Nitric oxide synthase inhibition by L-NAME and glucocorticoid receptor （GR） blockage by mifepristone was considered. AP severity was assessed by biochemical and histopathological analyses. RESULTS： Treatment with relaxin reduced serum amylase, lipase, C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-10, hsp72, LDH and 8-isoprostane as well as pancreatic and lung myeloperoxidase. Acinar and fat necrosis, hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltrate were also decreased. ATP depletion and ADP/ATP ratio were reduced while caspases 2-3-8 and 9 activities were increased. L-NAME and mifepristone decreased the efficiency of relaxin. CONCLUSION： Relaxin resulted beneficial in the treatment of AP combining the properties of a GR agonist while preserving the microcirculation and favoring apoptosis over necrosis.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Relaxin Nitric oxide Glucocorticoid receptor Necrosis Apoptosis

Association of autoimmune type atrophic corpus gastritis with Helicobacter pylori infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 83-88页

作者： Lea Irene Veijola Aino Mirjam Oksanen Pentti Ilmari Sipponen Hilpi iris Kaarina Rautelin Herttoniemi Hospital City of Helsinki Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Haartman InstituteUniversity of Helsinki Repolar Oy Box 2602101 EspooFinland HUSLAB Helsinki University Central Hospital Laboratory Department of Medical Sciences University of Uppsala

AIM:To study the association between Helicobacter pylori(***)infection and autoimmune type atrophic gastritis. METHODS:Twenty-three patients with different grades of atrophic gastritis were analysed using enzyme immunoassay-based serology,immunoblot-based serology,and histology to reveal a past or a present *** *** addition,serum markers for gastric atrophy(pepsinogenⅠ,pepsinogenⅠ/Ⅱand gastrin)and autoimmunity[parietal cell antibodies(PCA), and intrinsic factor(IF),antibodies]were determined. RESULTS:Of the 14 patients with severe gastricatrophy,as demonstrated by histology and serum markers,and no evidence for an ongoing *** infection,eight showed *** antibodies by *** eight had elevated PCA and 4/8 also had IF *** the six immunoblot-negative patients with severe corpus atrophy,PCA and IF antibodies were detected in *** the patients with low to moderate grade atrophic gastritis(all except one with an ongoing *** infection),serum markers for gastric atrophy and autoimmunity were seldom ***,one *** negative patient with mild atrophic gastritis had PCA and IF antibodies suggestive of a pre-atrophic autoimmune gastritis. CONCLUSION:Signs of *** infection in autoimmune gastritis,and positive autoimmune serum markers in *** gastritis suggest an etiological role for *** in autoimmune gastritis.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Autoimmune gastritis Gastric atrophy Vitamin B12 deficiency

GeoAI for detection of solar photovoltaic installations in the Netherlands

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能源与人工智能(英文) 2021年第4期6卷 41-53页

作者： Bala Bhavya Kausika Diede Nijmeijer iris Reimerink Peter Brouwer Vera Liem Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development Utrecht UniversityPrincetonlaan 8AUtrecht 3584 CBthe Netherland The Kadaster Koggelaan 59Zwolle 8017 JNthe Netherland

National mapping agencies are responsible for creating and maintaining country wide geospatial datasets that are highly accurate and *** Netherlands’Cadastre,Land Registry and Mapping Agency,in short,the Kadaster,has created a database of information related to solar installations,using *** Learning techniques were employed to detect small and medium-scale solar installations on buildings from very highresolution aerial images for the whole of the *** impact of data pre-processing and postprocessing are addressed and *** process was automatized to deal with enormous data and the method was scaled-up nation-wide with the help of cloud *** order to make this information visible,consistent and usable,we built-upon the existing TernausNet;a convolution neural network(CNN)*** metrics were evaluated after *** algorithm when used in combination with automated or custom post-processing improves the *** precision and recall rates of the model for 3 different regions were evaluated and are on average about 0.93 and 0.92 respectively after implementation of *** of custom post-processing improves the results by removing the false positives by at least 50%.The final results were compared with the existing national PV ***,the results are not only useful for policy makers to assist them to take the necessary steps in achieving the energy transition goals but also serves as a register for infrastructure planning.

关键词： GeoAI Solar installations Deep learning Ternausnet High-resolution Scaling-up