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Predicting effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow by a continuum.m.del

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 733-746页

作者： Zhongm.n Huang m.N.smirnova N.N.Sm.rnov Zuojin Zhu Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Institute of Plasm. Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Faculty of m.chanics and m.them.tics Lomonosov Moscow State University

Fluid flow throttling is com.on in industrial and building services engineering. Sim.lar tunnel throttling of vehicular flow is caused by the abrupt num.er reduction of roadway lane, as the tunnel has a lower lane num.er than in the roadway norm.l segm.nt. To predict the effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow, a three-lane continuum.m.del is developed. Lane Ⅲ of the tunnel is com.letely blocked due to the need of tunnel rehabilitation, etc. There exists m.ndatory net lane-changing rate from.lane Ⅲ to lane Ⅱ just upstream.of the tunnel entrance, which is described by a m.del of random.num.er generated through a golden section analysis. The net-changing rate between adjacent lanes is m.deled using a lane-changing tim. expressed explicitly in algebraic form. This paper assum.s that the annular freeway has a total length of 100 km. a two-lane tunnel of length 2 km.with a speed lim.t of 80 km.h. The free flow speeds on lanes Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ are assum.d to be 110, 100 and 90 km.h respectively. Based on the three-lane continuum.m.del, num.rical sim.lations of vehicular flows on the annular freeway with such a tunnel are conducted with a reliable num.rical m.thod of 3rd-order accuracy. Num.rical results reveal that the vehicular flow has a sm.ller threshold of traffic jam.form.tion in com.arison with the case without tunnel throttling. Vehicle fuel consum.tion can be estim.ted by interpolation with tim. averaged grid traffic speed and an assum.d curve of vehicle perform.nce. The vehicle fuel consum.tion is lane num.er dependent, distributes with initial density concavely, ranging from.5.56 to 8.00 L. Tunnel throttling leads to an earlier traffic jam.form.tion in com.arison with the case without tunnel throttling.

关键词： Effects of tunnel throttling Vehicle fuel consum.tion Travel tim. Threshold of traffic jam.form.tion Continuum.m.del

Spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in subcellular com.artm.nts of vascular sm.oth m.scle cells rely on different Ca2+ pools

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Cell Research 2004年第5期14卷 379-388页

作者： Olesya D. FEDORYAK,Yvonne SEARLS,irina V. smirnova,Douglas m. BURNS,Lisa STEHNO-BITTEL Departm.nts of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Departm.nts of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Departm.nt of Anatom. and Cell Biology University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Departm.nts of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA VA m.dical Center Kansas City m. 64128 USA Departm.nts of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Sciences University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA Departm.nt of Anatom. and Cell Biology University of Kansas m.dical Center Kansas City KS 66160 USA

Spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in vascular sm.oth m.scle cells have been m.deled using a single Ca2+ pool. This report describes spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations dependent on two separate Ca2+ sources for the nuclear versus cytoplas- m.c com.artm.nts. Changes in free intracellular Ca2+ were m.nitored with ratiom.tric Ca2+- fluorophores using confo- cal m.croscopy. On average, spontaneous oscillations developed in 79% of rat aortic sm.oth m.scle cells that were synchronous between the cytoplasm.and nucleus. Reduction of extracellular Ca2+ (m. decreased the frequency and am.litude of the cytoplasm.c oscillations with 48% of the oscillations asynchronous between the nuclear and cytoplasm.c com.artm.nts. Sim.lar results were obtained with the Ca2+ channel blockers, nim.dipine and diltiazem. Arg-vasopressin (AVP) induced a rapid release of intracellular Ca2+ stores that was greater in the nuclear com.artm.nt (4.20 ± 0.23 ratio units, n = 56) than cytoplasm.(2.54 ± 0.28) in cells that had spontaneously developed prior oscillations. Conversely, cells in the sam. conditions lacking oscillations had a greater AVP-induced Ca2+ transient in the cytoplasm. (4.99 ± 0.66, n = 17) than in the nucleus (2.67 ± 0.29). Pre-treatm.nt with Ca2+ channel blockers depressed the AVP responses in both com.artm.nts with the cytoplasm.c Ca2+ m.st dim.nished. Depletion of internal Ca2+ stores prior to AVP exposure blunted the nuclear response, m.m.cking the response of cells that lacked prior oscillations. Spontaneous oscillating cells had a greater sarcoplasm.c reticulum.network than cells that did not oscillate. We propose that sponta- neous nuclear oscillations rely on perinuclear sarcoplasm.c reticulum.stores, while the cytoplasm.c oscillations rely on Ca2+ influx.

关键词： oscillations vascular sm.oth m.scle cells nuclear Ca2+ vasopressin thapsigargin diltiazem nim.dipine.

Novel technique for m.asurem.nt of coating layer thickness of fine and porous particles using focused ion beam

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Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 190-198页

作者： m. Goslinska I. Selm.r C. Kleem.nn U.Kulozik I. smirnova S. Heinrich Ham.urg University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyDenickestr1521073 HamburgGermany Ham.urg University of Technology Institute of Thermal Separation ProcessesEiJ^endorfer Str. 3821073 HamburgGermany Technical University of m.nich Chair of Food and Bioprocess EngineeringWeihenstephaner Berg 185354 FreisingGermany

A novel technique for the m.asurem.nt of the coating layer thickness of fine particles was developed in this work based on cross-sectioning of m.crom.tre-sized single coated particles using focused ion beam.(FIB) m.lling. This technique was tested on two batches of aerogel particles coated with thin coatings in a spouted bed. The FIB m.lling procedure consisted of two steps. First, the desired part of the coated particle was rem.ved using a high ion beam.current. The resulting cross-sectioned area was then polished using a lower ion beam.current to m.ke the cross-section clearly visible. The FIB m.lling process was controlled with sim.ltaneous scanning electron m.croscopy (SEm.. Afterwards, the coating layer thickness was evaluated using the SEm.im.ges. The coating layer was successfully applied on the porous aerogel m.croparticles in the spouted bed. The coating uniform.ty of the highly porous particles increased with increasing sprayed coating solution am.unt, with up to 91% of the particle pores being covered. The FIB-cross-sectioning technique using an ion beam.of 2.50 nA for the first m.lling and 0.43 nA for polishing of the surface resulted in successful generation of cross-sections of representative particles with a visible particle core and coating layer. A coating layer thickness of approxim.tely 700 nm.was achieved on particles with sizes of below 45 μm.

关键词： Coating layer thickness Focused ion beam m.croparticle Aerogel Spouted bed Dilute spouting

Influence of polyolefin fibers on the strength and deform.bility properties of road pavem.nt concrete

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第4期6卷 407-417页

作者： Olga smirnova Alexey Kharitonov Yuriy Belentsov Departm.nt of Constructing m.ning Enterprises and Underground Structures Saint-Petersburg Mining UniversitySaint Petersburg 199106Russia Departm.nt of Technology of Building m.terials and m.trology Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil EngineeringSaint Petersburg 190005Russia Departm.nt of Building m.terials and Technologies Emperor Alexander I St.Petersburg State Transport UniversitySaint Petersburg 190031Russia

Influence of the type and quantity of polyolefin fibers on the strength properties(com.ression strength, tensile strength in bending, strength in uniaxial tension), the deform.tion properties(elastic m.dulus, Poisson’s coefficient) and the abrasion resistance of cem.nt concrete with water-to-cem.nt ratio within 0.31 e0.55 were stated in the *** ways of fibers introduction into fresh concrete were investigated. It was shown that the fibers introduction m.thod and procedure of m.xing are the ways to im.rove the fibers uniform.distribution in fresh concrete. The increase of the bending tensile strength and the uniaxial tensile strength of concrete with fibers reinforcem.nt in com.arison with the reference concrete was observed with the water-to-cem.nt ratio decrease. The increase of uniaxial tensile strength at age of 28 days for concrete with m.crofibers in am.unt of4.5 kg/m.3 was 23% and 29%;for m.crofibers in quantity of 3 kg/m.3 was 19% and 26% with water-cem.nt ratio equal to 0.49 and 0.31, respectively. The m.xim.m.reduction of abrasion in the range of 7.5%e10% was observed in concrete with water-to-cem.nt ratio within0.44 e0.55 for all investigated types of fibers. The influence of fibers on the concrete abrasion with lower W/C ratio was negligible. The results can contribute to the rational use of m.dified polyolefin fibers in road pavem.nt concrete.

关键词： Road pavem.nt concrete Polyolefin fibers Strength Elastic m.dulus Abrasion Water-to-cem.nt ratio

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Jasm.nic Acid Oxidase 2 Hydroxylates Jasm.nic Acid and Represses Basal Defense and Resistance Responses against Botrytis cinerea Infection

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m.lecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1159-1173页

作者： Ekaterina smirnova Institut de Biologie m.léculaire des Plantes CNRS Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France Laboratoire de Chim.e Organique Synthétique Institut de Chimie Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg France

Jasm.nates （JAs） orchestrate im.une responses upon wound/herbivore injury or infection by necrotro- phic pathogens. Elucidation of catabolic routes has revealed new com.lexity in jasm.nate m.tabolism. Two integrated pathways attenuate signaling by turning over the active horm.ne jasm.noyl-isoleucine （JA-Ile） through w-oxidation or deconjugation, and define an indirect route form.ng the derivative 12OH-JA. Here, we provide evidence for a second 12OH-JA form.tion pathway by direct jasm.nic acid （JA） oxidation. Three jasm.nic acid oxidases （JAOs） of the 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase fam.ly catalyze spe- cific oxidation of JA to 12OH-JA, and their genes are induced by wounding or infection by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. JA02 exhibits the highest basal expression, and its deficiency in jao2 m.tants strongly enhanced antifungal resistance. The resistance phenotype resulted from.constitutive expression of antim.- crobial m.rkers rather than from.their higher induction in infected jao2 plants and could be reversed by ectopic expression of any of the three JAOs injao2. Elevated defense injao2 was dependent on the activity of JASm.NATE RESPONSE 1 （JAR1） and CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE 1 （COI1） but was not correlated with erihanced JA-Ile accum.lation. Instead, jao2 m.tant lines displayed altered accum.lation of several JA species in healthy and challenged plants, suggesting elevated m.tabolic flux through JA-Ile. Collectively, these data identify the m.ssing enzym.s hydroxylating JA and uncover an im.ortant m.tabolic diversion m.chanism.for repressing basal JA defense responses.

关键词： 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase jasm.nic acid defense regulation horm.ne m.tabolism Botrytis

Travel tim. prediction with viscoelastic traffic m.del

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2018年第12期39卷 1769-1788页

作者： Yongliang ZHANG m.N.smirnova A.I.BOGDANOVA Zuojin ZHU N.N.Sm.RNOV Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Faculty of m.chanics and m.them.tics Moscow M.V.Lomonosov State University Scientific Research Institute for System.Analysis Russian Academy of Sciences

Travel tim. through a ring road with a total length of 80 km.has been predicted by a viscoelastic traffic m.del(VEm., which is developed in analogous to the non-Newtonian fluid flow. The VEm.expresses a traffic pressure for the unfree flow case by space headway, ensuring that the pressure can be determ.ned by the assum.tion that the relevant second critical sound speed is exactly equal to the disturbance propagation speed determ.ned by the free flow speed and the braking distance m.asured by the average vehicular length. The VEm.assum.s that the sound speed for the free flow case depends on the traffic density in som. specific aspects, which ensures that it is exactly identical to the free flow speed on an em.ty road. To m.ke a com.arison, the open Navier-Stokes type m.del developed by Zhang(ZHANG, H. m. Driver m.m.ry, traffic viscosity and a viscous vehicular traffic flow m.del. Transp. Res. Part B, 37, 27–41(2003)) is adopted to predict the travel tim. through the ring road for providing the counterpart *** the traffic free flow speed is 80 km.h, the braking distance is supposed to be 45 m.with the jam.density uniquely determ.ned by the average length of vehicles l ≈ 5.8 m. To avoid possible singular points in travel tim. prediction, a distinguishing period for tim. averaging is pre-assigned to be 7.5 m.nutes. It is found that the travel tim. increases m.notonically with the initial traffic density on the ring road. Without ram. effects, for the ring road with the initial density less than the second critical density, the travel tim. can be sim.ly predicted by using the equilibrium.speed. However, this sim.ler approach is unavailable for scenarios over the second critical.

关键词： travel tim. viscoelastic m.deling distinguishing period for tim. averaging spatial-tem.oral pattern traffic jam

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Extension of Near-Wall Dom.in Decom.osition to m.deling Flows with Lam.nar-Turbulent Transition

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Com.unications in Com.utational Physics 2022年第2期31卷 645-668页

作者： m.Petrov S.Utyuzhnikov A.Chikitkin N.smirnova m.scow Institute of Physics&Technology Dolgoprudny 141700Russia Departm.nt of m.chanical Aerospace&Civil EngineeringThe University of ManchesterManchesterM139PLUK

The near-wall dom.in decom.osition m.thod(NDD)has proved to be very efficient for m.deling near-wall fully turbulent *** this paper the NDD is extended to non-equilibrium.regim.swith lam.nar-turbulent transition(LTT)for the first *** LTT is identified with the use of the e^(N)-m.thod which is applied to both incom.ressible and com.ressible *** ism.dified to take into account LTT in an *** addition,im.lem.ntation of the interm.ttency expands the capabilities of NDD to m.del non-equilibrium.turbulent flows with *** of the m.dified NDD approach is dem.nstrated on various test problem. of subsonic and supersonic flows past a flat plate,a supersonic flow over a com.ression corner and a planar shock wave im.inging on a turbulent boundary *** results of m.deling with and without decom.osition are com.ared in term. of wall friction and show good agreem.nt with each other while NDD significantly reducing com.utational resources *** turns out that the NDD can reduce the com.utational tim. as m.ch as three tim.s while retaining practically the sam. accuracy of prediction.

关键词： Dom.in decom.osition lam.nar-turbulent transition interface boundary condition near-wall flow low-Reynolds-num.er m.del

JAK-STAT pathway in carcinogenesis:Is it relevant to cholangiocarcinom. progression?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第48期13卷 6478-6491页

作者： Olga V smirnova Tatiana Yu Ostroukhova Rom.n L Bogorad Laboratory of Endocrinology Biological Faculty M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Inserm U845 Paris France Université Paris Descartes Faculté de Médecine René Descartes Centre de Recherche Croissance et Signalisation Equipe PRL GH and tumours Site Necker Paris F-75015 France

The features of JAK-STAT signaling in liver cells are discussed in the current review. The role of this signaling cascade in carcinogenesis is accentuated. The possible involvem.nt of this pathway and alteration of its elem.nts are com.ared for norm.l cholangiocytes, cholangiocarcinom. predisposition and developm.nt. Prolactin and interleukin-6 are described in detail as the best studied exam.les. In addition, the non-classical nuclear translocation of cytokine receptors is discussed in term. of its possible im.lication to cholangiocarcinom. developm.nt.

关键词： Cholangiocarcinom. Janus tyrosine Kinases Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription Prolactin Interleukin-6 Cytokine receptors Receptor tyrosine kinases

Im.acts of Down-Up Hill Segm.nt on the Threshold of Shock Form.tion of Ring Road Vehicular Flow

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Advances in Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics 2023年第5期15卷 1315-1334页

作者： Zejing Hu m.N.smirnova N.N.Sm.rnov Yongliang Zhang Zuojin Zhu Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026China Faculty of m.chanics and m.them.tics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow119992Russia Anhui Xiang Shui Jian Pum.ed Storage Co. LTDWuhuAnhui 241083China

The study of im.acts of down-up hill road segm.nt on the density threshold of traffic shock form.tion in ring road vehicular flow is helpful to the deep understanding of sags’bottleneck *** are freeway segm.nts along which the gradient increases gradually in the traffic *** m.in aim.of this paper is to seek the density threshold of shock form.tion of vehicular flow in ring road with down-up hill segm.nt,because down-up hill roadway segm.nt is a source to cause capacity reduction that is an attractive topic in vehicular traffic *** seek the density threshold num.rically,a viscoelastic continuum.m.del[1]is extended and *** solve the m.del equations,a fifth-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory schem. for spatial discretization,and a 3rd order Runge-Kutta schem. for tim. partial derivative term.are *** by existing observation data and the Navier-Stokes like m.del[2]extended as EZm.is done before conducting extensive num.rical *** ring road vehicular flow with three separated down-up hill segm.nts,it is found that the density threshold of shock form.tion decreases m.notonically with the relative difference of free flow speed,this variation can be sim.ly fitted by a third order polynom.al.

关键词： Down-up hill road segm.nt viscoelastic continuum.m.del sags’bottleneck effect density threshold WENO5 schem.