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Aspects of the non-pharmacological treatment of irritable bowel syndrome

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第40期21卷 11439-11449页

作者： Elsa Maria Eriksson Kristina ingrid Andrén Goran Karl Kurlberg Henry Ture Eriksson Department of Functional Gastroenterology Pavilion 2Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra

Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is one of the most commonly diagnosed gastrointestinal conditions. It represents a significant healthcare burden and remains a clinical challenge. Over the years IBS has been described from a variety of different perspectives; from a strict illness of the gastrointestinal tract(medical model) to a more complex multi-symptomatic disorder of the brain-gut axis(biopsychosocial/psychosomatic model). In this article we present aspects of the pathophysiology and the non-pharmacological treatment of IBS based on current knowledge. Effects of conditioned stress and/or traumatic influences on the emotional system(top-down) as well as effects on the intestine through stressors,infection,inflammation,food and dysbiosis(bottom-up) can affect braingut communication and result in dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system(ANS),playing an important role in the pathophysiology of IBS. Conditioned stress together with dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and the emotional system may involve reactions in which the distress inside the body is not recognized due to low body awareness. This may explain why patients have difficulty identifying their symptoms despite dysfunction in muscle tension,movement patterns,and posture and biochemical functions in addition to gastrointestinal symptoms. IBS shares many features with other idiopathic conditions,such as fibromyalgia,chronic fatigue syndrome and somatoform disorders. The key to effective treatment is a thorough examination,including a gastroenterological examination to exclude other diseases along with an assessment of body awareness by a body-mind therapist. The literature suggests that early interdisciplinary diagnostic cooperation between gastroenterologists and body-mind therapists is necessary. Re-establishing balance in the ANS is an important component of IBS treatment. This article discusses the current knowledge of body-mind treatment,addressing the topic from a practical point of view

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Assessment Treatment Hypnotherapy Pathophysiology Body awareness therapy Psychosomatics Stress Body-mind

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Biodegradable stents in gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2212-2217页

作者： Vicente Lorenzo-Zú?iga Vicente Moreno-de-Vega ingrid Marín Jaume Boix Endoscopy Unit Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol 08916 Badalona Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD) 08916 Badalona Spain

Biodegradable stents(BDSs)are an attractive option to avoid ongoing dilation or surgery in patients with benign stenoses of the small and large *** experience with the currently the only BDS for endoscopic placement,made of Poly-dioxanone,have shown promising *** some aspects should be improved as are the fact that BDSs lose their radial force over time due to the degradable material,and that can cause stent-induced mucosal or parenchymal *** complication rate and modest clinical efficacy has to be carefully considered in individual patients prior to placement of ***,the price of these stents therefore it is nowadays an important limitation.

关键词： Biodegradable stents Strictures Endoscopy Endoscopic placement Stenoses

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Converting antimicrobial into targeting peptides reveals key features governing protein import into mitochondria and chloroplasts

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Plant Communications 2023年第4期4卷 99-116页

作者： Oliver D.Caspari Clotilde Garrido Chris OLaw Yves Choquet Francis-Andre´Wollman ingrid Lafontaine UMR7141(CNRS/Sorbonne Universite´) Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique13 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie75005 ParisFrance Centre for Microscopy and Cellular Imaging Biology Department Loyola Campus of Concordia University7141 Sherbrooke W.Montre´alQC H4B 1R6Canada Present address:Department of Microbiology Institut Pasteur28 Rue Docteur Roux75015 ParisFrance Present address:UMR7238(CNRS/Sorbonne Universite´) Institut de Biologie Paris-SeineSorbonne Jussieu 7-9 quai Saint Bernard75005 ParisFrance

We asked what peptide features govern targeting to the mitochondria versus the chloroplast,using antimicrobial peptides as a starting *** approach was inspired by the endosymbiotic hypothesis that organelle-targeting peptides derive from antimicrobial amphipathic peptides delivered by the host cell,to which organelle progenitors became *** explore the molecular changes required to convert antimicrobial into targeting peptides,we expressed a set of 13 antimicrobial peptides in Chlamydomonas *** were systematically modified to test distinctive features of mitochondrion-and chloroplast-targeting peptides,and we assessed their targeting potential by following the intracellular localization and maturation of a Venus fluorescent reporter used as a cargo *** targeting can be achieved by some unmodified antimicrobial peptide *** to both organelles is improved by replacing lysines with *** targeting is enabled by the presence of flanking unstructured sequences,additional constraints consistent with chloroplast endosymbiosis having occurred in a cell that already contained *** indeed targeting peptides evolved from antimicrobial peptides,then required modifications imply a temporal evolutionary scenario with an early exchange of cationic residues and a late acquisition of chloroplast-specific motifs.

关键词： antimicrobial peptide Chlamydomonas reinhardtii endosymbiotic organellogenesis presequence targeting peptide transit peptide

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Differences in pectoral fin spine morphology between vocal and silent clades of catfishes (Order Siluriformes): Ecomorphological implications

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Current Zoology 2010年第1期56卷 73-89页

作者： ingrid M.KAATZ Donald J.STEWART Aaron N.RJCE Phillip S.LOBEL Department of Environmental and Forest Biology SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell University Bioacoustics Research Program Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Cornell University Department of Biology Boston University

Stridulatory sound-producing behavior is widespread across catfish families, but some are silent. To understand why, we compared spine morphology and ecotype of silent and vocal clades. We determined vocal ability of laboratory specimens during disturbance behavior. Vocal families had bony （not flexible or segmented） spines, well-developed anterior and/or posterior serrations, and statistically significantly longer spines. We compared morphology of the proximal end of the pectoral spine between vocal and silent species. For vocal taxa, microscopic rounded or bladed ridges or knobs were present on the dorsal process. Most silent species had reduced processes with exclusively smooth, convoluted, or honeycombed surfaces very similar to spine-locking surfaces, or they had novel surfaces （beaded, vacuolated, cobwebbed）. Most callichthyids had ridges but many were silent during disturbance. All doradid, most auchenipterid and most mochokid species were vocal and had ridges or knobs. Within the Auchenipteridae, vocal species had spines with greater weight and serration development but not length. Silent auchenipterids had thin, brittle, distally segmented spines with few microscopic serrations on only one margin and a highly reduced dorsal process lacking any known vocal morphology. Silent auchenipterids are derived and pelagic, while all vocal genera are basal and benthopelagic. This is the first phylogenetic evidence for stridulation mechanism loss within catfishes. Phylogenetic mapping of vocal ability, spine condition, and ecotype revealed the repeated presence of silence and vocal taxa, short and long spines, and ecotype shifts within clades. The appearance and loss of vocal behavior and supporting morphologies may have facilitated diversification among catfishes [Current Zoology 56 （1）： 73 89 2010].

关键词： Bioacoustic Defense mechanisms Historical biology Stridulation

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Are there any differences in the provided burn care between men and women? A retrospective study

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Burns & Trauma 2018年第3期6卷 228-233页

作者： Laura Pompermaier Moustafa Elmasry Islam Abdelrahman Mats Fredrikson Folke Sjoberg ingrid Steinvall Department of Plastic Surgery Hand Surgeryand BurnsLinkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden Department of Surgery Plastic Surgery UnitSuez Canal UniversityIsmailiaEgypt Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Linkoping UniversityLinkopingSweden the Burn Centre Linkoping University Hospital58185 LinkopingSweden

Background:Disparity between medical treatment for men and women has been recorded worldwide. However, it is difficult to find out if the disparities in both the use of resources and outcome depend entirely on sex-related discrimination. Our aim was to investigate if there are differences in burn treatments between the sexes. Methods:All patients admitted with burns to Link?ping University Hospital during the 16-year period 2000–2015 were included. Interventions were prospectively recorded using the validated Burn SCoring system (BSC). Data were analysed using a multivariable panel regression model adjusted for age, percentage total body surface area (%TBSA), and in-hospital mortality. Results:A total of 1363 patients were included, who generated a total of 22,301 daily recordings while they were inpatients. Males were 70%(930/1363). Sex was not an independent factor for daily scores after adjustment for age,%TBSA, and mortality in hospital (model R2=0.60, p<0.001). Conclusion:We found no evidence of inequity between the sexes in treatments given in our burn centre when we had adjusted for size of burn, age, and mortality. BSC seems to be an appropriate model in which to evaluate sex-related differences in the delivery of treatments.

关键词： Burn care Intervention score Sex Trauma model Workload

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Sedation and analgesia in children with cerebral palsy:a narrative review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第5期15卷 432-440页

作者： ingrid Rabach Francesca Peri Marta Minute Emanuela Aru Marianna Lucafò Alberto Di Mascio Giorgio Cozzi Egidio Barbi Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS'Burlo Garofolo'Via dell'Istria 65/134100 TriesteItaly University of Trieste TriesteItaly Department of Medicine Surgery and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly

Background Patients with cognitive impairment due to cerebral palsy experience pain more often than healthy peers and frequently require diagnostic and therapeutic painful *** and procedural sedation outside the operating room are often required,but they may not adequately be provided because of the inability to accurately recognize and classify the state of pain and for the perceived higher risk of *** sources We reviewed the available literature to highlight the specific risk factors and area of criticism,that should be further *** searched the Cochrane Library,Medline,Pubmed from 1987 to September 2018 using key words such as'cerebral palsy and children and pain'or'sedation and cerebral palsy and children'.Results While different pain scales are useful in recognizing pain expressions,anxiety scales are not ***,studies on non-pharmacological techniques do not always have comparable *** risk factors,from anatomic abnormalities to liver and kidney functioning,should be kept in mind before proceeding with *** Large trials are needed to assess the impact of non-pharmacological techniques and to evaluate which pain control strategy(pharmacological and non-pharmacological)should be used in different settings.

关键词： Analgesia Cerebral palsy Intellectual disability Pain Procedural sedation

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Dynamical Phase Transitions in Quantum Systems

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Journal of Modern Physics 2010年第5期1卷 303-311页

作者： ingrid Rotter 不详

Many years ago Bohr characterized the fundamental differences between the two extreme cases of quantum mechanical many-body problems known at that time: between the compound states in nuclei at extremely high level density and the shell-model states in atoms at low level density. It is shown in the present paper that the compound nucleus states at high level density are the result of a dynamical phase transition due to which they have lost any spectroscopic relation to the individual states of the nucleus. The last ones are shell-model states which are of the same type as the shell-model states in atoms. Mathematically, dynamical phase transitions are caused by singular (exceptional) points at which the trajectories of the eigenvalues of the non-Hermitian Hamilton operator cross. In the neighborhood of these singular points, the phases of the eigenfunctions are not rigid. It is possible therefore that some eigenfunctions of the system align to the scattering wavefunctions of the environment by decoupling (trapping) the remaining ones from the environment. In the Schr?dinger equation, nonlinear terms appear in the neighborhood of the singular points.

关键词： Non-Hermitian Quantum Physics Dynamical Phase Transitions Phase Rigidity of Eigen-functions Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Exceptional Points

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Drug targets beyond HMG-CoA reductase:Why venture beyond the statins?

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Frontiers in Biology 2011年第3期6卷 197-205页

作者： ingrid C.GELISSEN Andrew J.BROWN Faculty of Pharmacy The University of SydneySydney NSW 2006Australia BABS School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular SciencesThe University of New South WalesSydney NSW 2052Australia

In this review,we aim to convey a brief,select history of the development of cholesterol-lowering *** focus particularly on the highly successful statins as well as setbacks that should serve as cautionary *** go on to preview recent developments that may complement,if not one day replace,the *** focus is on pharmacological interventions,particularly those targeting the cholesterol biosynthetic ***,we examine therapies under current investigation that target the assembly of atherogenic lipoproteins(via apolipoprotein B or microsomal triglyceride transfer protein),the stability of the low-density lipoprotein-receptor(via PCSK9,proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9),or are designed to increase high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(via inhibition of cholesteryl ester transfer protein).

关键词： statins cholesterol-lowering drugs side-effects adverse reactions cholesterol synthesis

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Challenges and recommendations when selecting empirical antibiotics in patients with cirrhosis

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第3期15卷 377-385页

作者： Melisa Dirchwolf Gonzalo Gomez Perdiguero ingrid Mc Grech Sebastian Marciano Liver Unit Hospital Privado de RosarioRosario 2000Santa FeArgentina iver Unit Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires 1181Argentina Liver Unit and Department of Research Hospital Italiano de Buenos AiresBuenos Aires 1181Argentina

There is abundant evidence that bacterial infections are severe complications in patients with cirrhosis,being the most frequent trigger of acute-on-chronic liver failure and causing death in one of every four patients during *** these reasons,early diagnosis and effective treatment of infections are mandatory to improve patient ***,treating physicians are challenged in daily practice since diagnosing bacterial infections is not always *** situation might lead to delayed antibiotic initiation or prescription of ineffective regimens,which are associated with poor *** the other hand,prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics to all patients suspected of bacterial infections might favor bacterial resistance *** is a significant concern given the alarming number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant microorganisms ***,it is paramount to know the local epidemiology to propose tailored guidelines for empirical antibiotic selection in patients with cirrhosis in whom bacterial infections are suspected or *** this article,we will revise current knowledge in this area and highlight the importance of surveillance programs.

关键词： Bacterial infections Cirrhosis Multidrug resistance Antibiotic prophylaxis Antibiotic stewardship

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Prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1538-1542页

作者： Maria Luisa Gutiérrez-García Conrado M Fernandez-Rodriguez Jose Luis Lledo-Navarro ingrid Buhigas-Garcia Service of Gastroenterology Hospital Universitario Fundación AlcorcónAv Budapest-128922 AlcorcónMadridSpain

Occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(OBI) is characterized by the persistence of HBV DNA in the liver tissue in individuals negative for the HBV surface *** prevalence of OBI is quite variable depending on the level of endemic disease in different parts of the world,the different assays utilized in the studies,and the different populations *** studies have been carried out on OBI prevalence in different areas of the world and categories of *** studies show that OBI prevalence seems to be higher among subjects at high risk for HBV infection and with liver disease than among individuals at low risk of infection and without liver disease.

关键词： Occult hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis B virus DNA Anti-HBc Hepatitis B virus seronegative Hepatitis C Crytogenetic hepatitis Dialysis Human immunodeficiency virus Blood donors

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