Sedation and analgesia in children with cerebral palsy:a narrative review

作     者：Ingrid Rabach Francesca Peri Marta Minute Emanuela Aru Marianna Lucafò Alberto Di Mascio Giorgio Cozzi Egidio Barbi Ingrid Rabach;Francesca Peri;Marta Minute;Emanuela Aru;Marianna Lucafò;Alberto Di Mascio;Giorgio Cozzi;Egidio Barbi

作者机构：Institute for Maternal and Child HealthIRCCS'Burlo Garofolo'Via dell'Istria 65/134100 TriesteItaly University of TriesteTriesteItaly Department of MedicineSurgery and Health SciencesUniversity of TriesteTriesteItaly 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Pediatrics》 (世界儿科杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2019年第15卷第5期

页      面：432-440页

核心收录：

学科分类：1002[医学-临床医学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Analgesia Cerebral palsy Intellectual disability Pain Procedural sedation 

摘      要：Background Patients with cognitive impairment due to cerebral palsy experience pain more often than healthy peers and frequently require diagnostic and therapeutic painful *** and procedural sedation outside the operating room are often required,but they may not adequately be provided because of the inability to accurately recognize and classify the state of pain and for the perceived higher risk of *** sources We reviewed the available literature to highlight the specific risk factors and area of criticism,that should be further *** searched the Cochrane Library,Medline,Pubmed from 1987 to September 2018 using key words such as cerebral palsy and children and pain or sedation and cerebral palsy and children .Results While different pain scales are useful in recognizing pain expressions,anxiety scales are not ***,studies on non-pharmacological techniques do not always have comparable *** risk factors,from anatomic abnormalities to liver and kidney functioning,should be kept in mind before proceeding with *** Large trials are needed to assess the impact of non-pharmacological techniques and to evaluate which pain control strategy(pharmacological and non-pharmacological)should be used in different settings.