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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 1-14页

作者： Meiru Liu Yue Song Suyu Zhang Lili Yu Zengbao Yuan Hengjia Yang Mengqi Zhang Zhuocheng Zhou inge Seim Shanshan Liu Guangyi Fan Huanming Yang College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China BGI-Qingdao BGI-ShenzhenQingdao 266555China BGI-Shenzhen Shenzhen 518083China Professional Committee of Native Aquatic Organisms and Water Ecosystem of China Fisheries Association Beijing 100125China Integrative Biology Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics BGI-ShenzhenShenzhen 518083China

The electric catfish(Malapterurus electricus),belonging to the family Malapteruridae,order Siluriformes(Actinopterygii:Ostariophysi),is one of the six branches that has independently evolved electrical *** assembled a 796.75 Mb *** genome and anchored 88.72%sequences into 28 *** family analysis revealed 295 expanded gene families that were enriched on functions related to glutamate *** evolutionary analyses of electric organs among different lineage of electric fishes further revealed that the coding gene of rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4-like(arhgef4),which is associated with G-protein coupled receptor(GPCR)signaling pathway,underwent adaptive parallel *** identification suggests visual degradation in catfishes,and an important role for taste in environmental *** findings fill in the genomic data for a branch of electric fish and provide a relevant genetic basis for the adaptive evolution of Siluriformes.

关键词： Electric fish Karyotype analysis Convergent evolution Environmental adaptation Historical effective population size

Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P Eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli Rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

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DNA收集器设计,无人机的新玩法

工业设计 2024年第6期 18-18页

作者： eth Zurich eth Zurich

无论是拍摄美丽的风景、音乐节,还是拍摄孩子们在后院玩耍的视频,当涉及大量空间的广角视频镜头时,无人机就变得无处不在。而无人机的用途不仅是记录一个地方、一个事件,还可以用于各种事物的研究,包括森林生物多样性.

关键词：森林生物多样性收集器视频镜头无人机音乐节拍摄无处不在

A short P-wave duration is associated with incident heart failure in the elderly: a 15 years follow-up cohort study

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2022年第9期19卷 643-650页

作者： Bozena Ostrowska Lars lind Elena Sciaraffia Carina Blomström-Lundqvist Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden School of Medical Science Faculty of Medi-cine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden

BACKGROUND Early identification of patients at risk of congestive heart failure(HF)may alter their poor *** aim was therefore to test whether simple electrocardiographic variables,the P-wave and PR-interval,could predict incident *** The PIVUS(Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors)study(1016 individuals all aged 70 years,50%women)was used to identify predictors of *** with prevalent HF,QRS duration≥130 ms,atrial tachyar-rhythmias,implanted pacemaker/defibrillator,second-and third-degree atrioventricular block or delta waves at baseline were *** proportional hazard analysis was used to relate the PR interval,P-wave duration(Pdur)and amplitude(Pamp),measured in lead V1,to incident *** was performed for gender,RR-interval,beta-blocking agents,systolic blood pressure,body mass index and *** Out of 836 subjects at risk,107 subjects were diagnosed with HF during a follow-up of 15 *** the multivariate analysis,there was a strong U-shaped correlation between Pdur in lead V1 and incident HF(P=0.0001)which was significant for a Pdur<60 ms[HR=2.75;95%CI:1.87-4.06,at Pdur 40 ms]but not for prolonged *** was no significant relationship between incident HF and the PR-interval or the Pamp.A Pdur<60 ms improved discrimination by 3.7%when added to the tradi-tional risk factors including sex,RR-interval,beta-blocking agents,systolic blood pressure,BMI and smoking(P=0.048).CONCLUSIONS A short Pdur,an easily measured parameter on the ECG,may potentially be a useful marker of future HF,enabling its early detection and prevention,thus improving outcomes.

关键词： prevention incident wave

Neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed expression of posttraumatic stress disorder:A scoping review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 151-168页

作者： Geert E Smid Jonna lind Jens Peter Bonde ARQ Centrum'45 ARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies University of Humanistic StudiesUtrecht 3512 HDNetherlands ARQ Centre of Excellence on War Persecution and ViolenceARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalCopenhagen 2400Denmark Department of Public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1014Denmark

BACKGROUND The capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and *** models of PTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in PTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed PTSD with few prodromal *** To obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed *** A scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed PTSD was performed,which included 38 studies in the qualitative *** Neurobiological mechanisms underlying PTSD symptoms,onset,and course involve several interconnected *** mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear,comprising several structures,such as the hippocampus,amygdala,and prefrontal cortex,that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and *** network models explain generalization of the fear *** mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses,both of which may be involved in sensitization to *** mechanisms are characterized by immune activation,which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain ***,neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities,and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed *** Thus,delayed PTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown PTSD.

关键词： Posttraumatic stress disorder Delayed expression Sensitization Neurobiology Neuroendocrine Neuroinflammatory

Evolutionary impacts of purine metabolism genes on mammalian oxidative stress adaptation

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Zoological Research 2022年第2期43卷 241-254页

作者： Ran Tian Chen Yang Si-Min Chai Han Guo inge Seim Guang Yang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China Integrative Biology Laboratory College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China School of Biology and Environmental Science Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueensland 4001Australia

Many mammals risk damage from oxidative stress stemming from frequent dives(i.e., cycles of ischemia/reperfusion and hypoxia/reoxygenation),high altitude and subterranean environments, or powered flight. Purine metabolism is an essential response to oxidative stress, and an imbalance between purine salvage and de novo biosynthesis pathways can generate damaging reactive oxygen species(ROS). Here, we examined the evolution of 117 purine metabolism-related genes to explore the accompanying molecular mechanisms of enhanced purine metabolism in mammals under high oxidative stress. We found that positively selected genes,convergent changes, and nonparallel amino acid substitutions are possibly associated with adaptation to oxidative stress in mammals. In particular, the evolution of convergent genes with c AMP and c GMP regulation roles may protect mammals from oxidative damage. Additionally, 32 genes were identified as under positive selection in cetaceans, including key purine salvage enzymes(i.e., HPRT1), suggesting improved re-utilization of non-recyclable purines avoid hypoxanthine accumulation and reduce oxidative stress. Most intriguingly, we found that six unique substitutions in cetacean xanthine dehydrogenase(XDH), an enzyme that regulates the generation of the ROS precursor xanthine oxidase(XO) during ischemic/hypoxic conditions, show enhanced enzyme activity and thermal stability and diminished XO conversion activity. These functional adaptations are likely beneficial for cetaceans by reducing radical oxygen species production during diving. In summary, our findings offer insights into the molecular and functional evolution of purine metabolism genes in mammalian oxidative stress adaptations.

关键词： Evolution Mammals Cetaceans Purine metabolism Oxidative stress

Self-Reported Social Status among Rural Residents:A Case in the Outskirts of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region

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Social Sciences in China 2023年第3期44卷 181-202页

作者： Geir inge Orderud Gu Jintu Luo Jing Norwegian Institute of Urban and Regional Research Oslo Metropolitan University Department of Sociology Hohai University Institute of Chinese Borderland Research Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

China has in recent decades undergone profound changes and continues to do so—changes that are transforming the social fabric,motivating studies on how self-reported social status is changing in different parts of *** a realist approach,the study emanates from theories on self-reported social status underlining the role of reference-groups,adding insights from the work of Pierre Bourdieu by introducing the terminology of habitus and types of ***,the study adds a spatial scale,thereby contributing to theoretical *** the empirical study asked villagers to provide self-reported social status at village,county and national *** statistical analyses include objective and subjective conditions,representing economic,cultural,social,and symbolic capital,as well as other *** results confirm the relevance of the reference-group theory,with self-reported social status decreasing from village to national *** on multivariate analyses,the study identifies two segments of habitus at the village level,one at the county level and one at the national level,facilitating high scores on self-reported social *** habitus segments underline the importance of incorporating spatial scale as a theoretical *** doing so,the study reveals that a habitus segment including cultural capital of farming competence is important at village and county levels but is replaced at the national level by a segment including the social capital of instruction sources related to farming and not wanting to ***,a habitus segment revolving around the economic capital of jobs outside farming,younger generations,and wanting to move is active at the village *** addition to revealing reference-group differences this habitus segment also indicates that large-scale,national transitional forces are at work,facilitating new drivers for self-reported social status locally.

关键词： self-reported social status reference-group theory peri-urban region rural communities farming

Childhood overweight and risk of obesity-related adult cancer in men

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Cancer Communications 2022年第6期42卷 576-579页

作者： Jimmy Célind Maria Bygdell Jari Martikainen Claes Ohlsson Jenny M Kindblom Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre Centre for Bone and Arthritis ResearchInstitute of MedicineSahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41345Sweden Department of Pediatrics Institute of Clinical SciencesThe Sahlgrenska Academy at University of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41124Sweden Bioinformatics Core Facility Sahlgrenska AcademyUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgVastra Gotaland41124Sweden Department of Drug Treatment Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Vastra GotalandGothenburg 41345Sweden Pediatric Clinical Research Center Sahlgrenska University HospitalRegion Vastra GotalandGothenburg 41345Sweden

Dear Editor,The global burden of cancer is *** list of malignancies regarded as obesity-related continues to expand as evidence accumulates[1,2].Fueled by the ongoing obesity epidemic,obesity has emerged as one of the most important preventable causes of cancerworldwide[1,3].Given the long latency periods of many obesity-related adult cancers,risk factors with onset during early age and accumulation of risks during one’s life course are likely to be of importance[4].

关键词： obesity cancer likely

High-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of the melon-headed whale(Peponocephala electra)

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Zoological Research 2022年第6期43卷 931-934页

作者： Zhen-Peng Yu Xing Liu Biao Zhang Lei Shan inge Seim Guang Yang Shi-Xia Xu Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjingJiangsu 210023China

DEAR EDITOR,The melon-headed whale(Peponocephala electra),a small toothed whale in the Delphinidae family,inhabits tropical and subtropical *** is an attractive model species for studying secondary aquatic adaptation and ***,we successfully assembled a high-quality chromosome-level genome of *** using Pac Bio and Hi-C sequencing technologies.

关键词： evolution subtropical tropical

Volatile Organic Compound Emissions when Drying Wood Particles at High Dewpoints

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2004年第6期12卷 767-772页

作者： inge Johansson Tobias Karlsson Roland Wimmerstedt S.E.P. Scandinavian Energy Project AB Bror Nilssons g. 16 SE-417 55 Goteborg SwedenThurne Teknik AB Heliosvagen 1 b SE-120 30 STOCKHOLM SwedenChemical Engineering Lund University P.O. Box 124 SE-221 00 LUND Sweden

Emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during drying of wood particles for particleboard manufacture, or for production of refined biofuels, is a potential environmental problem. The aim of this work is to study the emissions of VOCs during drying, and the influence on the emissions by different drying *** experiments have mainly been done in a batch fluidized bed dryer, but measurements have also been done in a, pilot scale, continuous fluidized bed dryer. The parameters studied are air flow rate through the bed, air temperature, air dewpoint, and bed height. Since the present trend in biofuels and particle drying is towards very high dewpoints during drying, some measurements have been made at dewpoints up to 95℃, corresponding to a water content of 3.2 kg water per kilogram dry air. The emissions have been measured in two different ways,online during drying with a flame ionization detector and through wood analyses of the terpene content in the wood particles before and after drying. Substantial work has been made in developing the latter method as well as developing the drying equipment to be able to produce a wide range of conditions of the drying medium. It was shown that the VOCs emitted, during wood particle drying, mainly consist of terpenes. The behavior of the emissions was typical, at first contact with the drying gas a sharp peak in the release rate was detected. After that,the release rate stabilizes and declines slowly to a point where the material temperature increases and results in a second small peak in the release rate. Typically 80%-90% of the initial terpene content in the material was emitted during drying to low moisture content and it is not possible to significantly influence this release by changing the drying conditions. Up to 50% of the emitted terpenes are released during a very short period after contact with the drying medium. This fact could be utilized by employing a 2-step drying process. The fact that the VOC con

关键词：高露点空气干燥小木块挥发性有机物木材加工