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The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik l.Andersson Sarah e.Hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway environmental and Food laboratory of Vendee(leA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（Weee）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl.e.hers（∑BDe-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotol.e.e and pentabromoethyl.e.zene（col.e.tively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,Weee and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDe-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment Weee and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDe-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 Weee/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDe-10： 15–3500 ng/l in Weee/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/l in landfill sites）. landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as Weee/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. Weee and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental.e.issions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management environmental.e.issions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning leachate

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Inversion of electrical mobility measurements using bipolar or unipolar chargers for the arbitrary distribution of channels

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Particuology 2015年第3期13卷 114-123页

作者： M.Domat F.e.Kruis N.l.Azong-Wara J.M.Fernandez-Diaz Department of Physics University of OviedoC/Calvo Sotelos/nE-33007 OviedoSpain Institute of Technology for Nanostructures(NST) and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-essen(CeNIDe) University of Duisburg-EssenBismarckstr.81D-47057 DuisburgGermany

The inversion of the particle size distribution from electrical mobility measurements is analyzed. Three different methods are adapted for a dot-matrix approach to the problem, especially for non-square or singular matrices, and appl.e. to electrical mobility measurements from fixed or scanning voltages. Mul- tiply charged particles, diffusion losses, arbitrary voltage steps and noise were considered, which results in non-adjoining and overlapping transfer functions. The individual contribution of the transfer func- tions in each size interval was geometrically estimated, which requires only its characteristic mobilities. The methodology is appl.e. to mobility measurements from particles charged with unipolar and bipolar chargers. However, the method can be extrapolated to any charging method with a defined charge distribution, and retrieval of the singly charged particle distribution and mean charge from a tandem differential mobility analysis configuration was successfully demonstrated.

关键词： Tandem differential mobility analysisInverse problemRegularization methodsSize distributionTransfer functionUnipolar charger

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积分微分方程一类边界問題的定性研究及解的逼近决定法

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数学学报(中文版) 1963年第1期 63-67页

作者： D.曼日隆,l.e.克里沃申罗馬尼亚人民共和国雅西工艺学院苏联吉尔吉斯苏維埃社会主义共和国国立伏龙芝大学

1.以下我們闡述,在献給关于各类积分常微分方程或具“全导数”的积分微分方程在不同的边界条件下或初值条件下解的逼近問題解法的作者研究范围內,問題

关键词：积分微分方程微分积分方程积分方程逼近解边界定性研究质化研究科学研究

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Comparison of tribological properties of industrial low friction coatings

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中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2002年第1期12卷 78-82页

作者：王吉会 Hua Chen e.Wieers l.M.Stals J.P.Celis School of Materials Science and engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072 ChinaInstitute for Materials Research Limburg University CentrumB-3590 Diepenbeek Belgium Kathol.e.e Universiteit leuven Dept. MTM B-3001 Leuven Belgium Institute for Materials Research Limburg University CentrumB-3590 Diepenbeek Belgium

MX 2 (M=Mo, W; X=S, Se) and DlC (a C: H and WC/C) are the two kinds of typical low friction coatings widely used in industry. The friction and wear properties of these two kinds of coatings marked as MOVIC, MOST, MoSe 2/Ni, WSe 2, a C: H and WC/C coatings were determined by fretting tests in ambient air of different humidity. The results show that the coefficient of friction of MX 2 coatings increases when the relative humidity of air increases whereas the coefficient of friction DlC coatings decreases with the increasing of relative humidity. MOVIC and WSe 2 coatings have a poor friction and wear resistance because of non basal planes (100) and (101) paral.e. to the surface in the MOVIC coating, or the rough and porous surface of WSe 2 coatings. Among these six coatings, MoSe 2/Ni and WC/C coatings have the highest wear resistance which seems to be unaffected by the relative humidity.

关键词：低摩擦涂层腐蚀相对湿度涂层性能测试

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Town-scale microbial sewer community and H2S emissions response to common chemical and biological dosing treatments

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 133-148页

作者： elizabeth R.Mathews Jennifer l.Wood Dean Phillips Nathan Billington Dean Barnett Ashley e.Franks Department of Physiology Anatomy and MicrobiologyLa Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia Centre for Future landscapes La Trobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia Faculty of Science Engineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneAustralia Western Water SunburyAustralia

Controlling hydrogen sulfide(H2S)odors and emissions using a single,effective treatment across a town-scale sewer network is a chal.e.ge faced by many water *** of a sewer diversion provided the opportunity to compare the effectiveness of magnesium hydroxide(Mg(OH)2)and two biological dosing compounds(Bioproducts A and B),with different modes of action(MOA),in a field-test across a large sewer ***(OH)2 increases sewer p H allowing suppression of H2S release into the sewer environment while Bioproduct A acts to disrupt microbial communication through quorum sensing(QS),reducing biofilm *** B reduces H2S odors by scouring the sewer of fats,oils and grease(FOGs),which provide adhesion points for the microbial *** revealed that only Mg(OH)2 al.e.ed the microbial community structure and reduced H2S emissions in a live sewer system,whilst Bioproducts A and B did not reduce H2S emissions or have an observable effect on the composition of the microbial community at the dosed *** results recommend in situ testing of dosing treatments before implementation across an operational system.

关键词： Microbially induced concrete corrosion Biological dosing treatments Magnesium hydroxide Hydrogen sulfide Sulfate-reducing bacteria Microbial.e.ology

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Understanding pathophysiology / [edited by] Sue e. Huether, Kathryn l. McCance ; section editors, Valentina l. Brashers, Neal S. Rote. 4th ed.

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2008年

作者： [edited by] Sue e. Huether Kathryn l. McCance section editors Valentina l. Brashers Neal S. Rote.

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Conservation Tillage Infl.e.ce on Carbon Dynamics Under Mediterranean Conditions

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Pedosphere 2014年第1期24卷 65-75页

作者： R.lóPeZ-GARRIDO e.MADeJON F.MOReNO J.M.MURIllO Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiologia de Sevilla(IRNAS-CSIC)

Intensity of tillage practices can enhance organic matter decomposition, increasing CO2 emissions from soil to the atmosphere. Conservation tillage （CT） has been proposed as a means of counteracting potential damages to the environment. In this study the effects of two CT systems, reduced tillage in a long-term experiment （RTl） and no-tillage in a short-term experiment （NTs）, were compared to traditional tillage （TT） in the long （TTl） and short-term experiments （TTs）. CO2 fluxes, total soil organic carbon （SOC） and dehydrogenase activity （DHA） were evaluated at 0-5, 5-10 and 10-15 cm depths throughout the three years studied （Oct. 2006 Jul. 2009）. Traditional tillage increased C02 emissions compared to CT. The CT treatments （RTl and NTs） accumulated more SOC in the surface layer （0 5 cm） than the TT treatments （TTl and TTs）. SOC accumulation was moderate but DHA consistently increased in CT in the surface soil, especially with a legume crop included in the crop rotation. Val.e. of stratification ratio of all parameters studied were higher in the CT treatments （RTl and NTs）. The agricultural and environmental benefits derived from CT make this system recommendable for semi-arid Mediterranean rain-fed agriculture.

关键词： crop rotation dehydrogenase activity rain-fed agriculture soil organic carbon

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Structural.e.olution, optoelectrical and corrosion properties of electrodeposited WO_3 integration on Zn-TiO_2 electrolyte for defence super application

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2018年第5期14卷 396-402页

作者： A.A.Daniyan l.e.Umoru O.S.I.Fayomi A.P.I.Popoola Department of Materials Science and engineering Obafemi Awolowo University Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Department of Mechanical.e.gineering Covenant University

Multifunctional nano composite coatings of Zn-TiO_2-WO_3 were deposited electrolytically on mild steel(MS) from Zn bath, having Zn^(2+) ions and uniform dispersion of TiO_2 and WO_3 nano particulates. The electrical, optical and corrosion resistance characteristics of the electrocodeposited coatings were assessed by Keithley 2400 Series Source meter with Multimeters, Newport Solar Simulator and a PGSTAT30 Autolab potentiostat respectively. The morphological characteristics of the composite coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscope(SeM) equipped with energy dispersive spectrometer(eDS). The result revealed that the electrocodeposits showed good stability and Zn-TiO_2-WO_3 nanocomposite deposits displayed enhanced microstructural qualities, good electrical conductivity and exhibited enriched corrosion resistance.

关键词： Nano-composite electrocodeposition Corrosion Conductivity and resistance

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electrochemical synthesis of nanosized iron oxide-alumina system

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2016年第1期5卷 70-76页

作者： A.F.DReSVYANNIKOV I.O.GRIGORYeVA l.R.KHAYRUllINA e.V.PeTROVA Kazan National Research Technological University(KNRTU) Kazan 420015 Russia

An electrochemical method for the synthesis of complex dispersed oxide system Al2O3-Fe2O3, based on the combined aluminum and iron anodic dissolution in aqueous solution containing chloride ions, has been suggested. The phase composition and morphology of Al2O3-Fe2O3 dispersed precipitate have been investigated by means of X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SeM). The infl.e.ce of the electrolysis mode on the characteristics of the synthesized oxide system has been shown. It is found that the direct current (DC) mode allows us to adjust the phase correlation in the precipitate and to obtain a particle size which is two or more times smal.e. than the particle size of the samples synthesized by means of the al.e.nating current (AC).

关键词： alumina iron oxide mixed oxide system electrochemical synthesis nanoparticles

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Free vibration of functionally graded sandwich plates using four-variable refined plate theory

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Appl.e. Mathematics and Mechanics(english edition) 2011年第7期32卷 925-942页

作者： l.HADJI H.A.ATMANe A.TOUNSI I.MeCHAB e.A.ADDA BeDIA laboratoire des Matériaux et Hydrologie Université de Sidi Bel AbbesSidi Bel Abbes 22000Algérie Département de Génie Civil Université Ibn KhaldounTiaret 14000Algérie Département de Génie Civil Faculté des Sciences de l'IngénieurUnivesité Hassiba Benbouali de ChlefChlef 02000Algérie

This paper uses the four-variable refined plate theory （RPT） for the free vibration analysis of functionally graded material （FGM） sandwich rectangular plates. Unlike other theories, there are only four unknown functions invol.e., as compared to five in other shear deformation theories. The theory presented is variationally consistent and strongly similar to the classical plate theory in many aspects. It does not require the shear correction factor, and gives rise to the transverse shear stress variation so that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the thickness to satisfy free surface conditions for the shear stress. Two common types of FGM sandwich plates are considered, namely, the sandwich with the FGM facesheet and the homogeneous core and the sandwich with the homogeneous facesheet and the FGM core. The equation of motion for the FGM sandwich plates is obtained based on Hamilton＇s principle. The closed form solutions are obtained by using the Navier technique. The fundamental frequencies are found by solving the eigenval.e.problems. The validity of the theory is shown by comparing the present results with those of the classical, the first-order, and the other higher-order theories. The proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the free vibration behavior of the FGM sandwich plates.

关键词： functionally graded material (FGM) free vibration sandwich plate refinedplate theory (RPT) Navier solution

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