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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第7期9卷 2835-2836页

作者： imk. atreya Markus F.Neurath Department of Medicine 1 University Hospital of ErlangenFriedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-NürnbergErlangenGermany Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie(DZI) ErlangenGermany

In a recent study published in Nature,York and coworkers identified the immunometabolic regulation of mono-unsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)pools and the subsequent increase in sphingolipid biosynthesis in TLR2-activated macrophages as an important link between impaired IL-10 signaling and the development of intestinal inflammation.1 Thus,targeted interference with the newly identified IL-10/MUFA/sphingolipid axis appears as a promising strategy to restore immunometabolic homeostasis in the intestine of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD).

关键词： homeostasis impaired intestine

Molecular mechanism of action of anti-tumor necrosis factor antibodies in inflammatory bowel diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9300-9313页

作者： Ulrike Billmeier Walburga Dieterich Markus F Neurath Raja atreya Medical Clinic 1 Friedrich-Alexander-Universit?t Erlangen-Nürnberg

Anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF) antibodies are successfully used in the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD). However, the molecular mechanism of action of these agents is still a matter of debate. Apart from neutralization of TNF, influence on the intestinal barrier function, induction of apoptosis in mucosal immune cells, formation of regulatory macrophages as well as other immune modulating properties have been discussed as central features. Nevertheless, clinically effective anti-TNF antibodies were shown to differ in their mode-of-action in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the anti-TNF agent etanercept is effective in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis but failed to induce clinical response in Crohn's disease patients, suggesting different contributions of TNF in the pathogenesis of these inflammatory diseases. In the following, we will review different aspects regarding the mechanism of action of anti-TNF agents in general and analyze comparatively different effects of each antiTNF agent such as TNF neutralization, modulation of the immune system, reverse signaling and induction of apoptosis. We discuss the relevance of the membranebound form of TNF compared to the soluble form for the immunopathogenesis of IBD. Furthermore, we review reports that could lead to personalized medicine approaches regarding treatment with antiTNF antibodies in chronic intestinal inflammation, by predicting response to therapy.

关键词： Mucosal immunology Lamina propria mononuclear cells Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Transmembrane tumor necrosis factor Apoptosis

First case report of exacerbated ulcerative colitis after anti-interleukin-6R salvage therapy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第45期21卷 12963-12969页

作者： Raja atreya Ulrike Billmeier Timo Rath Jonas Mudter Michael Vieth Helmut Neumann Markus F Neurath Markus F Neurath Medical Clinic 1 Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg Medical Department Hospital Ostholstein Institute of Pathology Klinikum Bayreuth

We present the case of a 53-year-old woman with long-standing ulcerative colitis and severe, steroid-dependent disease course unresponsive to treatment with azathioprine, methotrexate, anti-TNF antibodies(infliximab, adalimumab) and tacrolimus, who refused colectomy as a therapeutic option. As the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6) had been identified as a crucial regulator in the immunopathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, we treated the patient with biweekly intravenous infusions of an anti-IL-6R antibody(tocilizumab) for 12 wk. However, no clinical improvement of disease activity was noted. In fact, endoscopic, histological and endomicroscopic assessment demonstrated exacerbation of mucosal inflammation and ulcer formation upon anti-IL-6R therapy. Mechanistic studies revealed that tocilizumab treatment failed to suppress intestinal IL-6 production, impaired epithelial barrier function and induced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF, IL-21 and IFN-γ. Inhibition of IL-6 by tocilizumab had no clinical benefit in this patient with intractable ulcerative colitis and even led to exacerbation of mucosal inflammation. Our findings suggest that anti-IL-6R antibody therapy may leadto aggravation of anti-TNF resistant ulcerative colitis. When targeting IL-6, the differential responsiveness of target cells has to be taken into account, as IL-6 on the one side promotes acute and chronic mucosal inflammation via soluble IL-6R signaling but on the other side also strongly contributes to epithelial cell survival via membrane bound IL-6R signaling.

关键词： Ulcerative colitis Interleukin-6 Epithelial barrie

Seismic Response and Stability Analysis of Single Hinged Articulated Tower

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Open Journal of Civil Engineering 2013年第4期3卷 234-241页

作者： Prashant atreya Nazrul Islam Mehtab Alam Syed Danish Hasan Civil Engineering Department Islamic University Madina KSA Department of Civil Engineering Jamia Millia Islamia University New Delhi India University Polytechnic Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh India

Study of dynamic stability phenomenon in transient systems has always created interest amongst the researchers because of its inherent non-linearities. Offshore structures subjected to wave, earthquake or wind loads or a combination of these loads show non-linear transient behaviour. As oceanic waves are better modelled as stochastic process, there is a need to investigate the stochastic stability of flexible offshore structures as well. Present study has been carried out to determine seismic response of Single Hinged Articulated Tower (SHAT) under different categories of wave loads and earthquake followed by its dynamic stability analysis. Different phases of wave/earthquake loading on SHAT have been explored to investigate dynamic instabilities existing during each phase. Two dimensional phase plots have been used to identify phases of dynamic instability existing within the responses of SHAT under various conditions of loading.

关键词： Single Hinged Articulated Tower Earthquake Time History Phase Plot

High yield expression of proteins in <i>E. coli</i>for NMR studies

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第6期4卷 751-767页

作者： Somnath Mondal Divya Shet Chinmayi Prasanna Hanudatta S. atreya NMR Research Centre Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India

In recent years, high yield expression of proteins in E. coli has witnessed rapid progress with developments of new methodologies and technologies. An important advancement has been the development of novel recombinant cloning approaches and protocols to express heterologous proteins for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) studies and for isotopic enrichment. Isotope labeling in NMR is necessary for rapid acquisition of high dimensional spectra for structural studies. In addition, higher yield of proteins using various solubility and affinity tags has made protein over-expression cost-effective. Taken together, these methods have opened new avenues for structural studies of proteins and their interactions. This article deals with the different techniques that are employed for over-expression of proteins in E. coli and different methods used for isotope labeling of proteins vis-à-vis NMR spectroscopy.

关键词： E. Coli Recombinant DNA Technology Structural Biology NMR Spectroscopy

Self-healable stretchable printed electronic cryogels for in-vivo plant monitoring

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 59-69页

作者： Eloïse Bihar Elliot J.Strand Catherine A.Crichton Megan N.Renny Ignacy Bonter Tai Tran Madhur atreya Adrian Gestos Jim Haseloff Robert R.McLeod Gregory L.Whiting Paul M.Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering DriveBoulderCO 80309USA Materials Science and Engineering University of Colorado Boulder4001 Discovery DriveBoulderCO 80303USA Department of Plant Sciences University of CambridgeDowning StreetCambridge CB23EAUK Materials Instrumentation and Multimodal Imaging Core Facility University of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering Drive BoulderBoulderCO 80309USA Department of Electrical Computerand Energy EngineeringUniversity of Colorado Boulder1111 Engineering DriveBoulderCO 80309USA

A key challenge in bioelectronics is to establish and improve the interface between electronic devices and living tissues,enabling a direct assessment of biological *** integrated with plant tissue can provide valuable information about the plant itself as well as the surrounding environment,including air and soil *** obstacle in developing interfaces to plant tissue is mitigating the formation of fibrotic tissues,which can hinder continuous and accurate sensor operation over extended *** systems that utilize suitable biocompatible materials alongside appropriate fabrication techniques to establish plantelectronic interfaces could provide for enhanced environmental understanding and ecosystem management *** meet these demands,this study introduces an approach for integrating printed electronic materials with biocompatible cryogels,resulting in stable implantable hydrogel-based bioelectronic devices capable of long-term operation within plant *** inkjet-printed cryogels can be customized to provide various electronic functionalities,including electrodes and organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs),that exhibit high electrical conductivity for embedded conducting polymer traces(up to 350 S/cm),transconductance for OECTs in the mS range,a capacitance of up to 4.2mF g−1 in suitable structures,high stretchability(up to 330%strain),and selfhealing *** biocompatible functionalized cryogel-based electrodes and transistors were successfully implanted in plant tissue,and ionic activity in tomato plant stems was collected for over two months with minimal scar tissue formation,making these cryogel-based printed electronic devices excellent candidates for continuous,in-situ monitoring of plant and environmental status and health.

关键词： electronic utilize integrating

Randomized controlled trial of remote ischemic preconditioning and atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing cardiac surgery

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World Journal of Cardiology 2016年第10期8卷 615-622页

作者： Amir S Lotfi Hossein Eftekhari Auras R atreya Ananth Kashikar Senthil K Sivalingam Miguel Giannoni Paul Visintainer Daniel Engelman Department of Cardiology Baystate Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine Department of Anesthesiology Baystate Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Baystate Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine Department of Cardiac Surgery Baystate Medical Center Tufts University School of Medicine

AIM To study whether remote ischemic preconditioning(RIPC) has an impact on clinical outcomes, such as post-operative atrial fibrillation(POAF).METHODS This was a prospective, single-center, single-blinded,randomized controlled study. One hundred and two patients were randomized to receive RIPC(3 cycles of 5 min ischemia and 5 min reperfusion in the upper arm after induction of anesthesia) or no RIPC(control). Primary outcome was POAF lasting for five minutes or longer during the first seven days after surgery. Secondary outcomes included length of hospital stay, incidence of inpatient mortality, myocardial infarction, and stroke. RESULTS POAF occurred at a rate of 54% in the RIPC group and 41.2% in the control group(P = 0.23). No statistically significant differences were noted in secondary outcomes between the two groups. CONCLUSION This is the first study in the United States to suggest that RIPC does not reduce POAF in patients with elective or urgent cardiac surgery. There were no differences in adverse effects in either group. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between RIPC and POAF.

关键词： Chronic ischemic heart disease Cardiac surgery Coronary artery disease Other treatment Remote ischemic preconditioning Post-operative atrial fibrillation

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Stars and Moon

考试与评价（英语中考专刊） 2012年第4期 1-1页

作者： Nikita atreya 张焕南不详山东青州

Comparison of Hemospray~? and Endoclot? for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第13期25卷 1592-1602页

作者： Francesco Vitali Andreas Naegel Raja atreya Steffen Zopf Clemens Neufert Juergen Siebler Markus F Neurath Timo Rath Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence Division of Gastroenterology Friedrich-Alexander-University

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI) bleeding is a common indication for endoscopy. For refractory cases, hemostatic powders(HP) represent "touch-free" *** To analyze short term(ST-within 72 h-) and long-term(LT-within 30 d-) success for achieving hemostasis with HP and to directly compare the two agents Hemospray(HS) and Endoclot(EC).METHODS HP was applied in 154 consecutive patients(mean age 67 years) with GI *** were followed up for 1 mo(mean follow-up: 3.2 mo).RESULTS Majority of applications were in upper GI tract(89%) with following bleeding sources: peptic ulcer disease(35%), esophageal varices(7%), tumor bleeding(11.7%), reflux esophagitis(8.7%), diffuse bleeding and erosions(15.3%). Overall ST success was achieved in 125 patients(81%) and LT success in 81 patients(67%). Re-bleeding occurred in 27% of all patients. In 72 patients(47%), HP was applied as a salvage hemostatic therapy, here ST and LT success were 81% and64%, with re-bleeding in 32%. As a primary hemostatic therapy, ST and LT success were 82% and 69%, with re-bleeding occurring in 22%. HS was more frequently applied for upper GI bleeding(P = 0.04)CONCLUSION Both HP allow for effective hemostasis with no differences in ST, LT success and re-bleeding.

关键词： Hemostatic powder Gastrointestinal bleeding Hemospray Endoclot Haemostasis