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Significant decrease in prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori in the Czech Republic

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第32期18卷 4412-4418页

作者： Jan Bure Marcela Kopáová Ilona Koupil Bohumil Seifert Miluka kodová Fendrichová Jana pirková Viktor Voíek Stanislav Rejchrt TomáDouda Norbert Král ilja tachecí Second Department of Medicine Gastroenterology Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KrálovéUniversity Teaching Hospital50005 Hradec KrálovéCzech Republic Centre for Health Equity Studies Karolinska InstituteStockholm University17177 StockholmSweden First Faculty of Medicine Institute of General PracticeCharles University12108 PrahaCzech Republic Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KrálovéUniversity Teaching Hospital50005 Hradec KrálovéCzech Republic

AIM:To study possible decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori(***) infection in the Czech Republic within a 10-year ***:A total of 22 centres entered the *** catchment areas of these centres covered cities and towns with more than 20 000 inhabitants,smaller towns(≤ 20 000 inhabitants) with surrounding villages and rural areas,and were spread over the whole country,corresponding well to the geographical distribution of the Czech population.A total of 1 837 subjects(aged 5-98 years) took part in the study,randomly selected out of 38 147 people from the general *** infection was investigated by means of a 13 C-urea breath *** samples in duplicates were analysed using isotope ratio mass *** cut-off point was *** and demographic characteristics were based on data from self-completed ***:The overall prevalence of *** infection was 23.5%(430/1826),and 4.8%(20/420) in children aged 15 or *** was no statistically significant difference in prevalence between males(24.3%;208/857) and females(22.9%,222/969,P = 0.494).*** infection was strongly associated with higher age,among subjects aged 55+ years,prevalence of *** infection was 39.8%(252/633,P < 0.001).The highest prevalence of *** infection was found among persons aged 55-64 years(43.9%,97/221) and 75+ years(37.9%,58/153).Among study subjects aged 15+ years,prevalence of *** infection was significantly increased in those with lowest education(odds risk 3.19,95% CI 1.87-5.47).Compared to never married(14.1%),the prevalence of *** infection was statistically significantly higher among married(35.4%,246/694,P < 0.001),divorced(36.8%,49/133,P < 0.001) and widowed study subjects(40.2%,45/112,P < 0.001),both in minimally and fully adjusted *** was no significant difference in the prevalence of *** infection between married and widowed subjects(35.4%,246/694 vs 40.2%,45/112,P = 0.389).Ther

关键词： Epidemiology Helicobacter pylori Czech Republic 13 C-urea breath test Decline of prevalence

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Comparison of drug abuse in Germany and China

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第10期28卷 1505-1518页

作者： Ingo ilja MICHELS Office of the Federal Drug Commissioner Federal Ministry of HealthBerlin 10117Germany

Drug abuse has a long,but also different history in Germany and *** War largely influenced the history of China in 19th century;however,China was once recognized as a drug-free nation for 3 decades from the 1950s tothe *** abuse has spread quickly since re-emerging as a national problemin China in the late *** number of registered drug abusers increased from70 000 in 1990 to more than 1 million by the end of *** past decades,illicit drugtrafficking and production have swept most provinces in China,and drug abusehas caused many problems for both abusers and the *** major drug-related problem is the spread of HIV,which has caused major social and economicdamage in ***,the largest developed European country,also facesthe drug and addiction *** has about 150 000 heroin addicts,forwhom HIV/AIDS has become a serious threat since the mid *** control thedrug problem,the German Government adopted the"Action Plan on Drugs andAddiction"in 2003;the China Central Government approved a similar regulationin the antidrug campaign in *** has experience in reducing drug-re-lated *** methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) program has run formore than 20 years and the public has become more tolerant of *** 2003,China began the MMT program for controlling the spread of HIV/*** isnecessary for China to learn from developed countries to acquire success in itsantidrug *** this review,we will go over the differences and similaritiesin drug abuse between Germany and *** differences are related to history,population and economics,drug policy context,drug laws,HIV/hepatitis C virusinfection,the MMT program and so *** 2 nations have drug abuse prob-lems with different histories and currently use different approaches to handleillicit drug marketing and *** legal penalties for illicit drug offences reflectthe social differences of these 2 nations with respect to the seriousness of parti

关键词： drug abuse methadone maintenance treatment heroin HIV/AIDS harm reduction comparison Germany China

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Mechanical and Frictional Properties of the Elytra of Five Species of Beetles

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2013年第1期10卷 77-83页

作者： Min Yu ilja Hermann Zhendong Dai Norm Gitis Institute of Bio-inspired Structure and Surface Engineering Nanjing University of Aeronauties and Astronautics Nanjing 210016 P. R. China Bruker Nano Inc. 1717 Dell Ave. Campbell CA 95008 USA

The mechanical and frictional properties of different parts of the elytra of five species of beetle were measured using a nano-indenter and a micro-tribometer. The surface microstructures of the elytra were observed by optical microscopy and scanning white light interferometry. The surface microstructures of the elytra of all five species are characterized as non-smooth concavo-convex although specific morphological differences demonstrate the diversity of beetle elytra. Young＇s modulus and the hardness of the elytral materials vary with the species of beetle and the sampling locations, ranging from 1.80 GPa to 12.44 GPa, and from 0.24 GPa to 0.75 GPa, respectively. In general, both the Young＇s modulus and the hardness are lower in samples taken from the center of the elytra than those taken from other regions, which reflects the functional heterogeneity of biological material in the process of biological evolution. The elytra have very low friction coefficient, ranging from 0.037 to 0.079, which is related to their composition and morphology. Our measurements indicate that the surface texture and its mi- crostructural size of beetle elytra contribute to anti-friction effects.

关键词： beetle elytra bio-tribology surface morphology mechanical properties

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Peutz-Jeghers syndrome:Diagnostic and therapeutic approach

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第43期15卷 5397-5408页

作者： Marcela Kopacova ilja tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jan Bures 2nd Department of Medicine Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KrálovéUniversity Teaching HospitalSokolská581Hradec Králové500 05 Czech Republic

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome （P3S） is an inherited, autosomal dominant disorder distinguished by hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and pigmented mucocutaneous lesions. Prevalence of PJS is estimated from 1 in 8300 to 1 in 280000 individuals. PJS predisposes sufferers to various malignancies （gastrointestinal, pancreatic, lung, breast, uterine, ovarian and testicular tumors）. Bleeding, obstruction and intussusception are common complications in patients with P3S. Double balloon enteroscopy （DBE） allows examination and treatment of the small bowel. Polypectomy using DBE may obviate the need for repeated urgent operations and small bowel resection that leads to short bowel syndrome. Prophylaxis and polypectomy of the entire small bowel is the gold standard in PJS patients. Intraoperative enteroscopy （IOE） was the only possibility for endoscopic treatment of patients with PJS before the DBE era. Both DBE and IOE facilitate exploration and treatment of the small intestine. DBE is less invasive and more convenient for the patient. Both procedures are generally safe and useful. An overall recommendation for PJS patients includes not only gastrointestinal multiple polyp resolution, but also regular lifelong cancer screening （colonoscopy, upper endoscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or ultrasound of the pancreas, chest X-ray, mammography and pelvic examination with ultrasound in women, and testicular examination in men）. Although the incidence of PJS is low, it is important for clinicians to recognize these disorders to prevent morbidity and mortality in these patients, and to perform presymptomatic testing in the first-degree relatives of PJS patients.

关键词： Gastrointestinal endoscopy Intraoperative period Peutz-Jeghers syndrome Hamartoma

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Synchronous machine performance under geomagnetic disturbances

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High Voltage 2021年第5期6卷 894-903页

作者： ilja Boguslawsky Nikolay Korovkin Victor Popov Olga Sokolova Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University St.PetersburgRussia Paul Scherrer Institute(PSI) VilligenSwitzerland

Geomagnetic disturbances(GMDs)are known to disturb power system equipment *** danger is associated with geomagnetically induced currents(GICs)occurring at the Earth's surface during *** do not endanger power system operation conditions by *** main challenge posed by GICs to power system states is the change in power system equipment operation conditions provoked by GIC *** primary avenue of blackout caused by GMDs is through power ***,in turn,can impair the operation of other power system equipment such as syn-chronous *** powerful synchronous machines are not designed and engineered to cope with the negative impacts of ***,the actual legal norms are inadequate in this *** the grid's resiliency to such an event is highly interesting to the *** physical processes in synchronous machine windings triggered by GICs and limitations brought to power grid operations are ***,the idea of the impact of GMDs on the power grid operation is *** analysis of the impact of GMDs on synchronous machines is performed in the second *** the end,the power system response under GMDs is studied.

关键词： geomagnetic Earth performance

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Double balloon enteroscopy and acute pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2331-2340页

作者： Marcela Kopacova ilja tacheci Stanislav Rejchrt Jolana Bartova Jan Bures 2nd Department of Medicine Charles University in PrahaFaculty of Medicine at Hradec KrálovéUniversity Teaching HospitalSokolská581Hradec Králové500 05Czech Republic

Double balloon enteroscopy(DBE)is a new technique, first published and introduced into clinical practice in 2001 by Yamamoto,the inventor of this outstanding *** allows complete visualization,biopsy and treatment of the small ***,we have some experience of this method for evaluation of the complica- tion *** complications are described in 1%-1.7% of *** pancreatitis is a rare complication of the *** incidence of acute pancreatitis after diagnostic DBE is 0.3%in most *** than 50 cases of acute pancreatitis have been described in the literature so *** the contrary,hyperamylasemia after DBE seems to be a rather common *** with acute pancreatitis is supposed to be possible,but not *** causal mechanism of post-DBE acute pancreatitis is uncertain,and there are several theories in the *** most probable cause seems to be a mechanical straining of the endoscope with over-tube on the pancreas or in the papillary area.

关键词： Double balloon endoscopy Gastrointestinal endoscopy Small intestine Hyperamylasemia Acute pancreatitis

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Ephrin-B reverse signaling induces expression of wound healing associated genes in IEC-6 intestinal epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第29期11卷 4511-4518页

作者： Christian Hafner Stefanie Meyer ilja Hagen Bernd Becker Alexander Roesch Michael Landthaler Thomas Vogt Department of Dermatology University Hospital of Regensburg Regensburg D-93042 Germany

AIM： Eph receptors and ephrin ligands play a pivotal role in development and tissue maintenance. Since previous data have indicated an involvement of ephrin-B2 in epithelial healing, we investigated the gene expression and downstream signaling pathways induced by ephrin-B mediated cell-cell signaling in intestinal epithelial cells. METHODS： Upon stimulation of ephrin-B pathways in IEC-6 cells with recombinant rat EphB1-Fc, gene expression was analyzed by Affymetrix rat genome 230 high density arrays at different time points. Differentially expressed genes were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR. In addition, MAP kinase pathways and focal adhesion kinase （FAK） activation downstream of ephrin-B were investigated by immunoblotting and fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS： Stimulation of the ephrin-B reverse signaling pathway in IEC-6 cells induces predominant expression of genes known to be involved into wound healing/cell migration, antiapoptotic pathways, host defense and inflammation. Cox-2, c-Fos, Egr-1, Egr-2, and MCP-1 were found among the most significantly regulated genes. Furthermore, we show that the expression of repair- related genes is also accompanied by activation of the ERKI/2 MAP kinase pathway and FAK, two key regulators of epithelial restitution. CONCLUSION： Stimulation of the ephrin-B reverse signaling pathway induces a phenotype characterized by upregulation of repair-related genes, which may partially be mediated by ERK1/2 pathways.

关键词： Ephrin-B IEC-6 Wound healing Gene expression c-Fos Egr-1/2 COX-2

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The Pathophysiology of Cellulite: Can the Puzzle Eventually Be Solved?

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2012年第1期2卷 1-7页

作者： ilja Kruglikov Wellcomet GmbH Karlsruhe Germany.

The pathophysiology of cellulite is still largely unknown. Here, we propose a new pathophysiology that connects the development of cellulite with several newly-discovered hallmarks of white adipose tissue. According to this theory, cellulite appears in hypertrophic fat tissue that is associated with overproduction of low molecular weight hyaluronan (HA). This can induce different types of fibrosis, producing inhomogeneous spatial tension in the tissue. This pathophysiology serves to explain the most well known peculiarities of cellulite appearance as well as to formulate the theoretically optimal cellulite treatment strategy.

关键词： Cellulite Pathophysiology Adipose Fibrosis Hyaluronan Optimal Treatment Strategy

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Efficient Calculation of Absorption Spectra in Solution:Approaches for Selecting Representative Solvent Configurations and for Reducing the Number of Explicit Solvent Molecules

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物理化学学报 2018年第10期34卷 1106-1115页

作者： XUE Bai CHEN Tiannan SIEPMANN J.ilja Department of Chemistry and Chemical Theory Center University of Minnesota207 Pleasant Street SEMinneapolisMN 55455-0240USA. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota421 Washington Avenue SEMinneapolisMN

Dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSCs) are one of the most promising renewable energy technologies. Charge transfer and charge transport are pivotal processes in DSSCs, which govern solar energy capture and conversion. These processes can be probed using modern electronic structure methods. Because of the heterogeneity and complexity of the local environment of a chromophore in DSSCs(such as solvatochromism and chromophore aggregation), a part of the solvation environment should be treated explicitly during the calculation. However, because of the high computational cost and unfavorable scaling with the number of electrons of high-level quantum mechanical methods, approaches to explicitly treat the local environment need careful consideration. Two problems must be tackled to reduce computational cost. First, the number of configurations representing the solvent distribution should be limited as much as possible. Second, the size of the explicit region should be kept relatively small. The purpose of this study is to develop efficient computational approaches to select representative configurations and to limit the explicit solvent region to reduce the computational cost for later(higher-level) quantum mechanical calculations. For this purpose, an ensemble of solvent configurations around a 1-methyl-8-oxyquinolinium betaine(QB) dye molecule was generated using Monte Carlo simulations and molecular mechanics force fields. Then, a fitness function was developed using data from inexpensive electronic structure calculations to reduce the number of configurations. Specific solvent molecules were also selected for explicit treatment based on a distance criterion, and those not selected were treated as background charges. The configurations and solvent molecules selected proved to be good representatives of the entire ensemble; thus, expensive electronic structure calculations need to be performed only on this subset of the system, which significantly reduces the computational co

关键词： Monte Carlo simulation Chromophore Spectra Solution

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AIDS AS A CHALLENGE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THETREATMENT OF OPIOID DEPENDENTS IN CHINA

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中国药物依赖性杂志 2007年第2期16卷 150-155页

作者： Ingo ilja Michels The Federal Drug Commissioner with the Federal Ministry of Health

Report on the 9^(th) National Conference on Drug Dependence,MMT and HIV Preventionin Sanya/Hainan (VR China),1-5 November 2006 Nearly 100 experts from all over China attended the Chinese National Conference on Drug Dependence in Sanya/*** participants came from drug abuse treatment centers,methadone clinics and drug research *** conference's focus was on the question how drug abuse treatment shall and might be part of HIV prevention.

关键词：艾滋病阿片样物质药物依赖性治疗中国

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