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Situation of Biofungicides Reconnaissance, a Case of Anthracnose Disease of Cowpea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第9期5卷 1202-1211页

作者： Vitus ikechukwu obi Juan Jose Barriuso-Vargas Department of Agricultural Science and Natural environment University of Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain

Plant extracts have long been used in commercial agriculture as anti-microbial tools in food safety applications. These offer growers and agrobiologists many unique benefits which include their eco-friendliness. This work reviews the situation of Biofungicides reconnaissance in reference to fungal disease of cowpea. Twenty different pathogens were associated with various fungal diseases of cowpea and, only the species of Colletotrichum was found to have the virulence and propensity of afflicting a 100% infection on a single susceptible cowpea crop. Plant families under the affliction of Colletotrichum were analyzed. The different forms of botanicals so far availed for use as potential biofungicidal were identified. Eighteen plant families were found to represent the entire plants and plant materials agrobiologically screened within a range of thirteen years and found to habour large spectra of species containing substances of biofungicidal potentials. Current position in the use of Botanicals to combat agricultural pests and disease is 7% of the total cowpea disease management options.

关键词： Anthracnose Biofungicides Biopesticides Colletotrichum destructivum Cowpea.

Power Voltage Characteristics of Fabricated DSSC Incorporating Multiple Organic Dyes as Photosensitizer

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Energy and Power Engineering 2021年第6期13卷 221-235页

作者： ikechukwu Francis Okoye anthony Osita Chibuike Nwokoye Galadima Ahmad Department of Physics Federal University Gusau Gusau Nigeria Department of Physics and Industrial Physics Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria Centre for Research Federal University Gusau Gusau Nigeria

Two sets of Organic dyes were developed using kassod and senna plant leaves. The first sets of dyes are the organic dye from the leaves of two plants while the second set is the dye produce after combining together the dyes from the kassod and senna plants leaves. The two sets of dyes were used to sensitize the grown films. The films were characterized and the current voltage values of the grown films were obtained. The solar simulation result of the grown film for Kassod dyed TiO2 film was recorded for single dyes and for the combination of the two dyes. The result also covers absorbance of the spectra lines, absorbance coefficient values of the dyed TiO2, as well as transmittance and energy band gap values of the developed films. The precursors of tin (IV) chloride (SnCl4) (60%) and hydrofluoric acid (40%) was deposited on the cleaned soda-lime glass using the chemical vapour deposition method and nitrogen gas was supplied as a carrier gas through the bubbler to form the FTO layer. Titanium dioxide paste (TiO2) was deposited using a screen printing method to form M-TiO2.

关键词： Current Voltage Substrate Efficiency Spectra Lines Transmittance and Energy Band Gap

Cervical Ripening for Induction of Labor: A Randomized Comparison between Vaginal Misoprostol versus Foley’s Catheter Placement in a Nigeria Tertiary Hospital

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第3期11卷 252-262页

作者： Matthew Igwe Nwali Joseph Agboeze Vitus Okwuchukwu obi Arinze C. Ikeotuonye ikechukwu Ogwudu Ugadu Emmanuel Ajuluchukwu Ugwa Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Federal Medical Center Birnin Kudu Nigeria

Background: Cervical ripening is prerequisite of successful induction of labor. Vaginal misoprostol and Foley’s catheter placement have been widely used for this purpose but the data are not always sufficient. We attempted to determine which (misoprostol versus Foley’s catheter) is more effective/safer in Nigerian setting. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was performed at Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki, Nigeria, involving 135 term pregnant women requiring cervical ripening and labor induction. Participants were randomly allocated to misoprostol versus catheter group. The following were recorded/measured/analyzed: Bishop’s score, age, parity, body mass index, gestational age, labor duration, indication, oxytocin use, mode of delivery, and Apgar score. Chi square test and t test were used where appropriate. Results: At 24 hours, all of misoprostol group were either in labor, had ripe cervix, or had delivered, whereas 35.4% of catheter group had still unripe cervix (x2 = 29.856, P = 0.0001). Misoprostol group was less likely to require oxytocin infusion (x2 = 52.600,

Geoelectrical Investigation of a Proposed Dam Site in a Sedimentary Terrain: Case Study of Aba River at Amapu-Ideobia, Akanu Ngwa Southeastern Nigeria

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第10期4卷 1376-1381页

作者： Sabinus ikechukwu Ibeneme Kalu Kalu Ibe Alexander Olusegun Selemo Johnbosco Okechukwu Nwagbara Young Ezenwa obioha Kingsley obi Echendu Bridget Odochi Ubechu Department of Geosciences Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Physics Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria

The geoelectrical investigation of the proposed Aba River dam at Amapu-Ideobia, Akanu Ngwa Southeastern Nigeria has been carried out. The objective of this study is to determine the downward and lateral trends of the rock layers or units along and near the proposed dam axis and deduce the possible structures that may enhance workable design of the dam. ABEM Terrameter SAS 4000 model was used and the symmetrical Schlumberger configuration was adopted. Twelve (12) Vertical Electrical Sounding stations were located and fully occupied along the dam axis. Preliminary input data from the field were fed into Zohdy software to generate real resistivities and depths to geoelectric layers. Five geoelectric layers were interpreted as Loamy Top soil, Alluvial matter, Pebble bed, Sandy lateritic and Gravely sand. Layer 1 (the top loamy soil) was encountered in VES 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11 and 12 locations with maximum thickness of 1.5 m in VES 3 and 4. Resistivity values ranged from 216 to 519 Ohm-m. The second layer (lateritic matter) had a maximum lower depth of 5 m in VES 3 and 4 points. This was not encountered in VES 6 point being replaced by alluvium. Resistivity values ranged from 101 to 6190 Ohm-m. Layer 3 was interpreted as a restricted pebble bed which occurred only at VES 6, 7 and 8 locations flanking the river course with thickness of about 3.5 m and resistivity values range of 182 415 Ohm-m. The fourth layer was modeled as the alluvial matter and restricted to the river course (VES 6, 7, 8) locations with base at between 12.5 m in VES 8 and 8 m in VES 6. The last modeled layer (Layer 5) was composed of gravely sandstone that underlined the whole study area apart from the restricted pebble bed at the NE crestal portion (VES 12). No structures like fractures, lineaments and faults that would be of deleterious effect were observed in all the VES points down to about 40 m. However, it was observed that the axial length had overriding sandy matter with high porosity and

关键词： Aba River Amapu-Ideobia Dam Axis Electrical Resistivity Geoelectric

Challenges and Adherence to Standard Precautions for Prevention of Percutaneous Injuries and Exposure to Blood Borne Pathogens in Clinical Practice: A Review

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2020年第8期10卷 195-216页

作者： Theophilus Ogochukwu Nwankwo Godwin Ugonna Odo Matthew ikechukwu Eze Ijeoma Victoria Ezeome Uchenna anthony Umeh Faculty of Medicine University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Background: Standard Precautions (SP) was introduced by Centre for Disease Control to minimise the risks of disease transmission in the process of healthcare. Many factors are thought to influence the knowledge and the practice of these measures. Objective: To review challenges and adherence to SP for the prevention of percutaneous injuries and exposure to patients’ blood in clinical practice. Methods: The World Wide Web sites such as, Pub Med central, Google scholar were searched using key words such as percutaneous, needle stick injuries, standard precautions, adherence. Relevant articles were reviewed and included based on defined criteria. Results: The prevalence of needle stick injuries (NSI) varies among health care workers (HCWs) and across countries and is as high as 73% among some groups. The knowledge of SP varied among HCWs in different nations;however the practice of SP was noted to be lower than knowledge across most studies. Majority of HCWs in developing countries that sustained NSI failed to report the incident to appropriate authorities. Adherence to Standard Precautions is influenced by lack of proper training, poor supplies, low commitment of HCWs and health facility managers etc. Conclusion: Needle stick injuries and exposure to patients’ blood remain a risk for disease transmission among HCWs. Despite appreciable knowledge of standard precautions, the practice has remained low across the globe. Factors that had positive influence on practice of SP such as use of devices with safety features, adherence to infection control guideline, comfortable working environment, repeated and intense training etc. should be adopted and promoted.

关键词： Percutaneous Injuries Prevention Standard Precautions Adherence

Analysis of Dynamic Virtual Private Networks Resource Allocation Schemes

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2018年第4期11卷 53-67页

作者： Chinenye Ajibo Augustine Chukwukaelo Osuizugbe anthony Chinaeke Ogbuka Maryrose Nwafor Chukwudi ikechukwu Ani Cosmas Department of Electronic Engineering University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Federal Polytechnic Bida Nigeria

The need for high performance resource allocation schemes for Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) has led to the proliferation of algorithms for VPN resource allocation. It was found that most works on VPN resource allocation focused either on admission control or link reservation on the network. Also, review of relevant literatures has revealed the need for a resource allocation/scheduling scheme whose algorithm will be able to allocate bandwidth and memory resources to different VPNS sharing the same link to the network service provider. Resources should be allocated in such a manner that utilization is optimal while VPN endpoints or customers receive services that do not undermine the service-level agreement (SLA) with the service provider. MATLAB Simulink was used to design a simulation model for analysing the VPN access network obtaining and comparing results for the link bandwidth utilization, buffer memory utilization and packet loss rate performances of the RDVNP (Robust Dynamic Virtual Network Provisioning) algorithm against the DWARF-Net (Dynamic bandwidth Allocation and guarantee on Resource Fairness) algorithm. From the results obtained, DWARF-Net algorithm’s performance was better than the RDVNP’s algorithm in almost all parameters tested on. On bandwidth utilization, DWARF-Net had an average channel utilization of 61.23% against RDVNP’s 48.28%, on buffer utilization 42% for DWARF-Net, 41% for RDVNP and average loss rate average of 1 Packet/second for DWARF-Net against 20 Packets/second for RDVNP. From the simulation analysis and result of this work, DWARF-Net is recommended as an optimal performing algorithm for VPN resource allocation.

关键词： ATM DWARF-Net MPLS RDVNP VPN

Use of intravascular lithotripsy in non-coronary artery lesions

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世界心脏病学杂志:英文版(电子版) 2023年第8期15卷 395-405页

作者： Chukwuemeka anthony Umeh Ashley Stratton Tifani Wagner Shipra Saigal Krystal Sood Raghav Dhawan Cory Wagner Jessica obi Sabina Kumar Tsung Han Scottie Ching Rahul Gupta Internal Medicine Hemet Global Medical CenterHemetCA 92543United States Department of Cardiology Mclaren Macomb-Oakland/Michigan State UniversityMacombMI 48043United States

BACKGROUND Intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)is a novel technique increasingly used for plaque modification and endovascular revascularization in patients with severe calcification and peripheral artery ***,much of the available literature on IVL is focused on its use in coronary arteries,with relatively limited data on non-coronary artery *** To analyze the safety and efficacy of current IVL use in non-coronary artery lesions,as reported in case reports and case *** We searched EMBASE,PubMed,and Reference Citation Analysis databases for case reports and case series on IVL use in peripheral artery *** then extracted variables of interest and calculated the mean and proportions of these *** We included 60 patients from 33 case reports/case ***-eight percent of the cases had IVL usage in only one blood vessel,while four had the IVL used in two vessels(2.0%),resulting in 64 Lesions treated with *** mean age of the patients was 73.7(SD 10.9).IVL was successfully used in severe iliofemoral artery stenosis(51.6%),severe innominate,subclavian,and carotid artery stenosis(26.7%combined),and severe mesenteric vessel stenosis(9.4%).Additionally,IVL was successfully used in severe renal(7.8%)and aortic artery(4.7%)*** were complications in 12%of the cases,with dissection being the *** IVL has successfully used in plaque modification and endovascular revascularization in severely calcified and challenging lesions in the iliofemoral,carotid,subclavian,aorta,renal,and mesenteric *** most severe but transient complications were with IVL use in the aortic arch and neck arteries.

关键词： Intravascular lithotripsy Peripheral artery disease Non-coronary artery

Household Perceptions, Willingness to Pay, Benefit Package Preferences, Health System Readiness for National Health Insurance Scheme in Southern Nigeria

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Health 2016年第14期8卷 1630-1644页

作者： Ishola Babatunde Omotowo Uchechukwu Enuma Ezeoke ikechukwu Emmanuel obi Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu Chike Chuka Agunwa Christopher Bismarck Eke Chinedu Arthur Idoko Ancilla Kate Umeobieri Department of Community Medicine College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria Department of Paediatrics College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Introduction: Several Nigerians are completely denied access to adequate health care because of cultural, temporal and financial factors with inequity. Objectives: To ascertain the household perceptions, willingness to pay, benefit package preferences, and health systems readiness for Insurance Scheme. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 400 heads of households and 43 health workers in Enugu, Southern Nigeria. Results: Awareness of NHIS among the heads of household was 56.8%, while it was 86% among the health workers. Awareness of NHIS among heads of households was significantly associated to both educational level (X2 = 16.083, P = 0.001), and occupation (X2 = 5.694, P = 0.017). More males (61.6%) had correct perceptions of NHIS compared to females (58.6%), but not statistically significant (X2 = 0.336, P = 0.562). Majority of households respondents 89% are willing to pay for NHIS. Willingness to pay was significantly associated to occupation (X2 = 5.169, df = 1, P = 0.023), but willingness to pay mandatory 5% premium was not significantly associated to occupation (X2 = 0.884, P = 347). Only 11.6% of the health facilities are enlisted as providers in the scheme. Conclusion: Willingness to pay was high, but majority are not ready to pay 5% premium of their earnings. Awareness creation programmes should be improved for the public, and more health facilities enlisted for wider coverage.

关键词： Perceptions Willingness to Pay Health Insurance Nigeria

Full term secondary abdominal pregnancy in a Jehovah’s witness: A case report

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2012年第2期1卷 19-22页

作者： Betrand obi Nwosu anthony Osita Igwegbe George Uchenna Eleje Joseph O. Ugboaja Izuchukwu Stanley Etoniru Ochonma Amobi Egwuonwu Livinus Okor Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi Nigeria Department of Surgery Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi Nigeria

We describe a rare case of full term abdominal pregnancy in a Jehovah’s witness patient;she underwent laparotomy successfully without blood transfusion. Despite their belief regarding transfusion, Jehovah’s witnesses may not necessarily have a higher morbidity or mortality rate following a complex obstetric surgery as seen in the present case.

关键词： Abdominal Pregnancy Jehovah Witness Blood Transfusion Durable Power of Attorney Extra-Uterine Placentatio