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Oestrous cycle of Wistar rats altered by sterol and triterpenes rich fraction of Adansonia digitata (Linn) root bark - A scientific rationale for contraceptive use

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第2期8卷 75-82页

作者： Chibuogwu ijeoma Chika Nwannenna Agnes Ifeyinwa Ubah Simon Azubuike Ogwu David Department of Theriogenology and Production Ahmadu Bello UniversityZariaKaduna StateNigeria Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of AbujaFederal Capital TerritoryNigeria

Objective: To investigate the effect of different fractions from the aqueous methanolic root bark of Adansonia digitata (Linn) on the estrous cycle of female Wistar rats and to elucidate their phytochemical content. Methods: Crude aqueous methanol extract of Adansonia digitata (Linn) root bark was fractionated by column chromatography using various ratios of hexane, acetyl acetate, methanol and distilled water. Fractions with similar trails on a thin layer chromatography were pooled into four fractions. Each fraction was then screened for its phytochemical content. Forty mature Wistar female rats weighing (135±28) g with regular estrous cycles were given each fraction at two dose levels while a control group received distilled water of equal volume. Treatments were given per os for 15 days starting from the day of estrus. Vaginal smears were observed daily for the duration of each cycle, frequency of occurrence of each stage of the estrous cycle and number of cycles for 15 days before and during treatment. At the end of treatment, rats were humanely sacrificed. Ovaries and uteri were weighed and processed for histopathology. Results: Hexane acetyl acetate and acetyl acetate methanol fractions at 150 mg/kg body weight and 300 mg/kg body weight prolonged the occurrence of proestrus and diestrus and produced atretic cyst-like ovaries at 300 mg/kg body weight. Acetyl acetate methanol treated rats also had low relative ovarian weights when compared to the control. Conclusions: Sterols and triterpenes in hexane acetyl acetate and acetyl acetate methanol fractions of the root bark may be responsible for the disruption of estrous cycle in female Wistar rats and may have a contraceptive effect.

关键词： Proestrus Diestrus Adansonia digitata (Linn) Root bark Contraception

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Adichie＇s Purple Hibiscus and the Issue of Feminism in African Novel

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Journal of Literature and Art Studies 2015年第6期5卷 426-437页

作者： Ibeku ijeoma Ann Federal University Oye-Ekiti Ekiti State Nigeria

Adichie＇s Purple Hibiscus is a feminist work that challenges the dehumanizing tendencies of the menfolk as evident in the character of Mama （Beatrice Achike） who eventually exposed the African conception of an ideal woman who keeps dumb even in the face of humiliation, victimization, and brutality so as to be perceived as a good woman. We will make a resounding case to portray that Achike belongs to the category of liberal feminism. However, as events unfolds, she was forced by situations beyond her control to respond and go radical in order to crush anything that stands in her way to happiness. Efforts will be made to show how African women are rated based on the real and good women as represented by Ifeoma and Beatrice Achike respectively. This essay in exploring the different tenets of feminism will acknowledge that radical feminism is an off shoot of violence. We shall argue that radical feminism is a radical reaction to dehumanization, humiliation, and violence. This study seeks to address the issue of feminism and how characters subject to series of humiliation that leads to a radical approach to gain their freedom.

关键词： feminism humiliation subjugation Catholic fanatic patriarchy real woman good woman Africa

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Phytochemical analysis,hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Alchornea cordifolia methanol leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第4期5卷 289-293页

作者： Patience O Osadebe Festus BC Okoye Philip F Uzor Nneka R Nnamani ijeoma E Adiele Nkemakonam C Obiano Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of NigeriaNsukka41001Enugu StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Alchornea cordifolia (***) leaf ***:Various solvent fractions of the methanol extract of the leaf of the *** ***(Fam:Euphorbiaceae) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity by carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in *** degree of protection was measured by using biochemical parameters such as serum glutamate oxalate transaminase(SGOT/ AST),serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase(SCPT/ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and total *** in vitro antioxidant activity of the extract was also evaluated by the I,I-diphenyl 2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging *** extract was subjected to preliminary phytoehemical ***:The ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions,at a dose of 300 mg/kg,produced significant(P<0.05) hepatoprolection by decreasing the activities of the serum enzymes and bilirubin while there were marked scavenging of the DPPH free radicals by the *** effects were comparable to those of the standard drugs used for the respective experiments,silymarin and ascorbic ***,flavonoids,saponins and tannins were delected in the phylochemical ***:From this study,it was concluded that the plant of *** possesses hepatoprotective as well as antioxidant activities and these activities reside mainly in the ethyl acetate and acetone fractions of methanol leaf extract.

关键词： Alchornea cordifolia Antioxidant Carbon tetrachloride DPPH model Hepatoprolective Phytochemical analysis

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Assessment of Clients Satisfaction in Family Planning Service Delivery in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2020年第8期8卷 88-99页

作者： Emmanuel Okwudili Oranu ijeoma Chioma Oppah Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Client satisfaction is considered as one of the desired outcomes of health care service delivery and it is directly related to the utilization of any health services. The family planning clinic remains one of the important health care delivery outlets where client satisfaction guarantees continuation of usage, hence this study. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the determinants of client satisfaction with the family planning (FP) services provided in Port Harcourt. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive prospective cross-sectional study conducted between 18th of June 2018 and 18th of July 2018. The target population is women of reproductive age group (15 - 49) who visited 11 randomly selected family planning health facilities in Port Harcourt during the study period. A set of exit interviewer-administered questionnaire (pretested for reliability and validity) was used for data collection from a sample size of 195 respondents;and analyzed using SPSS 22.0. Standard deviation was used for continuous variable while categorical variables were presented in simple percentages and frequencies. The P value was set at Results: Age range 30 - 39 years constituted the largest proportion of 51.3%. A large proportion of the women (87.2%) expressed satisfaction with FP services provided. All respondents said the facilities were easily accessible, clean and were treated respectfully. However, only about half of the clients (51.3%) received their chosen contraceptive product after 1 hour. Conclusion: A huge proportion of family planning clients expressed satisfaction with family planning service delivery in Port Harcourt;not minding the longer waiting time. Implication of this is continued use and by implication improved contraceptive prevalence.

关键词： Family Planning Service Delivery Client Satisfaction Port Harcourt

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Media Ethics as Key to Sound Professionalism in Nigerian Journalism Practice

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Journalism and Mass Communication 2018年第2期8卷 56-67页

作者： Ibituru Iwowari Pepple ijeoma Jacquelyn Acholonu International Institute of Journalism Abuja Nigeria Imo State University Owerri Nigeria

This paper examines the implications of ethics as key to sound professionalism in Nigerian journalism. The paper sets out to assess how ethics affect the standard of journalism practice in the country, using media practitioners in Rivers State, Nigeria as case study. The population of study consisted of the 300 registered journalists in Rivers State of Nigeria, including the editors and managers. The survey research method was used while the questionnaire was used as the primary instrument for data gathering. It was revealed that despite the importance of ethics to journalism practice, journalists＇ adherences to the ethical codes were low. The study also revealed that journalists most times go against the ethics of the profession due to sycophancy, security reasons, desperation, greed, ethical dilemmas, and ignorance of the code of ethics. Based on the timings of the study, it was recommended that media establishments should liaise with the Nigerian Union of Journalist （NUJ） to ensure that only trained journalists are employed to work as journalists. Again the NUJ, it should institute standing disciplinary committee to discipline erring journalists both at the State and National levels. The Ethics Committee of the Nigeria Union of Journalists should regularly review the ethical conducts of journalists and encourage them to adhere to their code of practice

关键词： ethical codes media practitioners professionalism Social Responsibility Theory

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先发制人对词汇学习的影响 ——尼日利亚高中英语学习的证据

先发制人对词汇学习的影响 ——尼日利...

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作者： Chilaka Cynthia ijeoma 西南大学

学位级别：硕士

尼日利亚学生的词汇建设在很大程度上受到社会学和学术因素的影响。学习构建标准句子大多发生在教室里,但年轻的学习者只会从直系亲属那里构建他们熟悉的句子。这种结构可能是标准的,也可能不是标准的。无论哪种方式,都会影响年轻学习... 详细信息

尼日利亚学生的词汇建设在很大程度上受到社会学和学术因素的影响。学习构建标准句子大多发生在教室里,但年轻的学习者只会从直系亲属那里构建他们熟悉的句子。这种结构可能是标准的,也可能不是标准的。无论哪种方式,都会影响年轻学习者的词汇量发展。这些影响可能并不总是积极的,因为为了在学术环境中学习适当的结构,家庭的错误结构可能更难避免。这篇论文,标题为"先发制人对词汇学习的影响:尼日利亚高中英语学习的证据,"回答了两个重要问题:高中英语学习者在学习词汇方面面临的抢占问题是什么,以及这项研究对尼日利亚高中英语学习者的词汇学习有什么影响?该论文还试图了解先发制人在多大程度上影响了尼日利亚年轻学习者的语言习得创造力。该研究使用结构化问卷从在研究时被认证为尼日利亚人的初中生收集数据。与100多名年轻学习者和教师分享了调查问卷。为简单起见,结果以饼图形式显示。研究结果表明,先发制人是政府日中学生发展词汇的主要问题,学生用他们的母语取代标准的词汇形成,环境因素和同龄人群体影响是影响学生先发制人的两个主要因素。没有研究同时解决词汇学习和抢占问题。本文的结果可以为抢占的使用提供见解,特别是基于词汇学习。抢占式的主题一直是学习英语过程中的一个语言问题。

关键词：先发制人英语词汇学习初中尼日利亚

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Primary Presentation of Ovarian Cancer with Bladder Outlet Obstruction/Chronic Urinary Retention in a 12-Year Old Female

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Open Journal of Urology 2021年第7期11卷 233-239页

作者： Charles Azuwike Odoemene ijeoma Ezeome Okechukwu Charles Okafor Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Morbid Anatomy University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria

Urinary retention in women is rare and is more frequently described as case reports or small case series. The female/male ratio is 1:13 with about 3 cases per 100,000 women every year We report a case of a 12-year old female student. She presented with progressive weight loss, worsening lower urinary tract symptoms with distended lower abdomen of 10 weeks duration. Physical examination revealed a mobile tender firm pelvic mass, 18 centimeters (cm) × 16 cm in size. Laboratory and imaging studies showed obstructive nephropathy and uropathy respectively. She was worked up and had uneventful exploratory laparotomy with right salpingo-oophorectomy, urinary bladder diverticulectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. Histopathology of the pelvic mass showed ovarian dysgerminoma with lymph node metastasis. She responded very well to chemotherapy and resumed her school activities. Bladder outlet obstruction is relatively rare in females and in the index patient, ovarian dysgerminoma is the cause leading to obstructive nephropathy and uropathy.

关键词： Bladder Outlet Obstruction Chronic Urinary Retention Pelvic Mass Ovarian Dysgerminoma Chemotherapy

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Effect of experimental single Ancylostoma caninum and mixed infections of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense on the humoural immune response to anti-rabies vaccination in dogs

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第6期 491-494页

作者： Nwoha Rosemary ijeoma Ogechi Anene Boniface Maduka Department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of AgricultureUmudikeNigeria Department of Veterinary Medicine University of NigeriaNsukkaNigeria

Objective:To determine the effect of Ancylostoma caninum(***)and trypanosome parasites on the immune response to vaccination in dogs in endemic ***:Sixteen dogs for the experiment were grouped into 4 of 4 members *** I was the uninfected control one,and GPII was infected with ***;GPIII was infected with ***/Trypanosoma congolense(***),and GPIV was infected with Trypanosoma brucei(***)/*** dogs were first vaccinated with antirabies vaccine before infecting GPII,GPIII and GPIV with *** which were done 4 weeks after *** 2-week post-vaccination,trypanosome parasites were superimposed on both GPIII and GPIV.A secondary vaccination was given to GPI,GPII,GPIII,and GPIV by Week 12 of the experiment(4 weeks post treatment).Results:The prepatent period was(3.00±1.40)days,in the conjunct infection of ***/*** was(9.00±1.10)days,in conjunct ***/*** prepatent period of *** was(14.0±2.0)days in the single *** group and(13.0±1.0)days in the conjunct trypanosome/*** the 1st week after vaccination,the antibody titer in all the vaccinated groups(GPI,GPII,GPIII,and GPIV)significantly increased(P<0.05)and peaked at the 3rd week after *** infections,there were marked significant decreases(P<0.05)in the antibody production against rabies in GPII,GPIII and *** significant decrease(P<0.05)in antibody titer was highest in the conjunct groups(GPIII and GPIV)compared to the single infection(GPII).Treatment with diminazene aceturate and mebendazole did not significantly improve antibody response in the dogs.A secondary vaccination administered at the 12th week after the primary vaccination significantly increased(P<0.05)the antibody titer with a peak at the 3rd week after the secondary ***:It was therefore concluded that ***,*** and *** induced immunosuppression in antirabies vaccination in dogs.

关键词： Trypanosomes Antibody response Ancylostoma caninum Diminazene aceturate Mebendazol Antirabies vaccination

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微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼仔鱼生长、消化和非特异性免疫酶活性的影响

微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼仔鱼生长、消化和非特异性免疫酶活性的影响

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作者： ijeoma CHRIS JUSTICE 福建农林大学

学位级别：硕士

微胶囊饲料(Microencapsulated diet)以其营养丰富、适口性强、稳定性好等特点,被普遍认为是一种比较理想的水产育苗饲料。本实验利用自制微胶囊饲料作为大黄鱼育苗饲料,分别以0%(对照组)、25%、50%和75%的比例与生物饵料配合来培育10... 详细信息

微胶囊饲料(Microencapsulated diet)以其营养丰富、适口性强、稳定性好等特点,被普遍认为是一种比较理想的水产育苗饲料。本实验利用自制微胶囊饲料作为大黄鱼育苗饲料,分别以0%(对照组)、25%、50%和75%的比例与生物饵料配合来培育10日龄的大黄鱼仔稚苗,饲养15日和32日,分别在25日龄和42日龄测量其体全长和体重,通过对微胶囊饲料的理化性质,大黄鱼的生长发育指标、总蛋白浓度、组织中的消化酶、以及非特异性免疫指标的对比,研究不同饲料配方对大黄鱼仔稚鱼生长的影响。结果显示:1.微胶囊饲料具有合适的粒径(1号微胶囊饲料粒径大致为27.77±1 1.83μm,2号微胶囊饲料粒径大致为35.26±11.64μm)、较好的悬浮性(1号微胶囊饲料33.80±1.08%,2号微胶囊饲料20.67±0.26%)和较低的溶解率(1号微胶囊饲料3.20±0.32%,2号微胶囊饲料8.30±0.46%)等特点,而且营养均衡,因为外层有包膜,水中稳定性也很好。2.微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼稚鱼生长状况的影响随着微胶囊饲料所占比例的增加,大黄鱼稚鱼的体全长和体重均减小,100%生物饵料组的体全长和体重最大,分别为20.88±1.40mm和60.96±5.80mg,但25%微胶囊饲料+75%生物饵料与其差异不显著(P>0.05),说明微胶囊饲料在一定程度上可以部分替代生物饵料。体全长的特定生长率随着稚鱼长大而逐渐减小,体重的特定生长率在10-25日龄呈下降趋势,25-42日龄呈上升趋势。存活率最高的是100%生物饵料组,为20.54%。3.微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼稚鱼总蛋白浓度的影响本实验使用南京建成生物工程研究所生产的测试盒用BCA法通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的总蛋白浓度,随着微胶囊饲料所占比例的增加,总蛋白浓度逐渐增加。4.微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼消化指标的影响本实验使用南京建成生物工程研究所生产的测试盒用碘-淀粉比色法通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的淀粉酶活性,用50T/48样法通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的脂肪酶活性,用试剂盒法通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶活性。实验组大黄鱼组织中淀粉酶活力基本上均高于对照组。大黄鱼组织中脂肪酶活力除25日龄后段组外,实验组脂肪酶活力均高于对照组,25日龄后段组脂肪酶活力随着微胶囊饲料所占比例的增加逐渐降低。大黄鱼组织中胃蛋白酶活力除42日龄后段组外,实验组胃蛋白酶活力均高于对照组,42日龄后段组胃蛋白酶活力随着微胶囊饲料所占比例的增加逐渐降低。大黄鱼组织中胰蛋白酶活力除25日龄前段组外,实验组胰蛋白酶活力均高于对照组,且呈上升趋势;25日龄前段组中,D75组的胃蛋白酶活力最大,为6.65±0.09,与其他组差异极显著(P<0.01)。5.微胶囊饲料对大黄鱼非特异性免疫指标的影响本实验使用南京建成生物工程研究所生产的测试盒用黄嘌呤氧化酶法(羟胺法)通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼总超氧化物歧化酶的活性,用空白对照法通过测定透光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的溶菌酶活性,用50T/48样法通过测定吸光度来测定大黄鱼稚鱼的碱性磷酸酶活性。对照组大黄鱼稚鱼的总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力除42日龄前段组外均高于实验组,在42日龄前段中,50%微胶囊饲料+50%生物饵料组的T-SOD活性最高,为44.19±0.45U/mgprot。溶菌酶(LZM)含量计算值均为负数,可能是鱼苗尚小,还没有产生溶菌酶。对于大黄鱼稚鱼的碱性磷酸酶(AKP)活力,25日龄和42日龄的前段组呈下降趋势,后段组呈上升趋势;25日龄的碱性磷酸酶活力又均高于42日龄,说明25日龄的大黄鱼稚鱼非特异性免疫能力较高一点。

关键词：微胶囊饲料大黄鱼生长性能消化酶非特异性

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Classical clinical signs in rats experimemtally infected with Trypanosoma brucei

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第2期 146-149页

作者： Nwoha Rosemary ijeoma Ogechi Omamegbe Joseph Omolathebu Department of Veterinary Medicine Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology Michael Okpara University of Agriculture UmudikeUmudikeAbia StateNigeria

Objective:To investigate clinical signs in Trypanosoma brucei infection in albino ***:Fourteen rats grouped into 2 with 7 rats in each group were used to determine classical clinical manifestation of Trypanosoma brucei infection in *** A rats were uninfected control and Group B rats were infected with Trypanosoma ***:Parasitaemia was recorded in Group B by(3.86±0.34)d and the peak of parasitaemia was observed at Day 5 post *** signs observed included squint eyes,raised whiskers,lethargy,no weight loss,pyrexia,isolation from the other rats,and starry hair ***:These signs could be diagnostic or aid in diagnosis of Trypanosoma brucei infection in rats.

关键词： Classical Trypanosomosis Clinical signs Trypanosoma brucei Rats

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