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Association between Helicobacter pylori infection,mismatch repair,HER2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in gastric cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第6期16卷 2487-2503页

作者： Carlos A Castaneda Miluska Castillo Luis A Bernabe Joselyn Sanchez Matteo Fassan Katherine Tello ignacio Ivan Wistuba Ivan Chavez Passiuri Eloy Ruiz Juvenal Sanchez Fernando Barreda Daniel Valdivia Yaqueline Bazan Milagros Abad-Licham Claudio Mengoa Hugo Fuentes Paola Montenegro Ebert Poquioma Raul Alatrista Claudio J flores Luis Taxa Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad Cientifica del SurLima 15038Peru GECO PERU Grupo de Estudios Clinicos Oncologicos del PeruLima 15038Peru Department of Research Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Faculty of Human Medicine Universidad Ricardo PalmaLima 15039Peru Department of Medicine Surgical Pathology&Cytopathology UnitUniversity of PaduaPadua 35121Italy Department of Translational Molecular Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Abdominal Surgery Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Pathology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Medical Specialties Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Pathology Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del NorteTrujillo 13001Peru Faculty of Human Medicine Universidad Privada Antenor OrregoTrujillo 13008Peru Department of Surgery Instituto Regional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas del SurArequipa 04002Peru Department of Medical Oncology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Department of Epidemiology Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades NeoplasicasLima 15038Peru Unidad de Investigación Básica y Traslacional Oncosalud-AUNALima 15038Peru Faculty of Medicine Universidad San Martin de PorresLima 15008Peru

BACKGROUND The influence of Helicobacter-pylori(H.pylori)infection and the characteristics of gastric cancer(GC)on tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte(TIL)levels has not been extensively studied.Analysis of infiltrating-immune-cell subtypes as well as survival is necessary to obtain comprehensive information.AIM To determine the rates of deficient mismatch-repair(dMMR),HER2-status and H.pylori infection and their association with TIL levels in GC.METHODS Samples from 503 resected GC tumors were included and TIL levels were evaluated following the international-TILs-working-group recommendations with assessment of the intratumoral(IT),stromal(ST)and invasive-border(IB)compartments.The density of CD3,CD8 and CD163 immune cells,and dMMR and HER2-status were determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC).H.pylori infection was evaluated by routine histology and quantitative PCR(qPCR)in a subset of samples.RESULTS dMMR was found in 34.4%,HER2+in 5%and H.pylori-positive in 55.7%of samples.High IT-TIL was associated with grade-3(P=0.038),while ST-TIL with grade-1(P<0.001),intestinal-histology(P<0.001)and no-recurrence(P=0.003).dMMR was associated with high TIL levels in the ST(P=0.019)and IB(P=0.01)compartments,and STCD3(P=0.049)and ST-CD8(P=0.05)densities.HER2-was associated with high IT-CD8(P=0.009).H.pylorinegative was associated with high IT-TIL levels(P=0.009)when assessed by routine-histology,and with high TIL levels in the 3 compartments(P=0.002-0.047)and CD8 density in the IT and ST compartments(P=0.001)when assessed by qPCR.A longer overall survival was associated with low IT-CD163(P=0.003)and CD8/CD3(P=0.001 in IT and P=0.002 in ST)and high IT-CD3(P=0.021),ST-CD3(P=0.003)and CD3/CD163(P=0.002).CONCLUSION TIL levels were related to dMMR and H.pylori-negativity.Low CD8/CD3 and high CD163/CD3 were associated with lower recurrence and longer survival.

关键词： Lymphocytes Macrophages Gastric cancer Helicobacter pylori HER2 Mismatch repair

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The Explicitly Covariant Stress-Energy-Momentum Balance Equation for Electromagnetism in Material Media

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2012年第4期2卷 123-127页

作者： ignacio campos flores Jose Luis Jimenez Ramirez Miguel Angel Lopez Marino Departamento de Fisica Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Naeional Aut6noma de Mdxico Apartado Postal 21-463 Mexieo D.F. 04000 Mdxico Departamento de Fisica Division de Ciencias Basicas e Ingenieria Universidad Aut6noma Metropolitana Iztapalapa Av. SanRafael Atlixco # 186 Col. Vicentina Apartado Postal 21-463 Mexico D. F. 04000 Mexico Departamento de Ingenieria Tecnol6gico de Monterrey Campus Central de Veracruz Av. E. Garza Sada # 1 Apartado Postal 314 C6rdoba Veracruz 94500 Mexico

Beginning with the explicitly covariant Maxwell equations in media, we deduce an explicitly covariant stress-energy-momentum balance equation in material media. Proceeding in this way we avoid mixing external fields and self fields, as occurs if one begins with Lorentz"s law, the most usual approach appearing in textbooks. Indeed our deduction implies a generalized force density in which the total fields appear. As an application of the present deduction, we discuss briefly the Abraham-Minkowski controversy, showing its relation to open or closed electromagnetic systems. This approach will be interesting for scholars as well as graduate students interested in conceptual problems of relativistic electromagnetism.

关键词：电磁材料平衡方程能量媒体动量变应力麦克斯韦方程闵可夫斯基

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Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Forces That Arise from Electrostatic and Magnetostatic Pressures

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2019年第3期11卷 25-40页

作者： José-Luis Jiménez-Ramírez ignacio campos-flores José-Antonio-Eduardo Roa-Neri Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México CDMX México área de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco México D. F. México

With the insight provided by a balance equation of electromagnetic momentum, we compare the force on a dielectric slab inside a capacitor with the force on a magnetizable rod inside a solenoid. We conclude that these forces are not exactly analogous, as usually thought. We present a device that is a proper analogy of the case of a dielectric slab inside a capacitor. Our analysis shows the significance of the electrostatic and magnetostatic pressures to the understanding of these effects and shows the conceptual differences between both cases.

关键词： Polarizable Electric and Magnetic Media Electric and Magnetic Pressures Electromagnetic Force Densities Macroscopic Maxwell Equations Balance Equations of Electromagnetic Momentum

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Balance Equations of Electromagnetic Angular Momentum

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2017年第12期9卷 203-217页

作者： ignacio campos-flores José Luis Jiménez-Ramírez José Antonio Eduardo Roa-Neri Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City México área de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco Mexico City México

We give theoretical foundation to torque densities proposed in the past, like the one used by Beth to study experimentally the action of circularly polarized radiation on a birefringent material, or that proposed by Mansuripur to resolve a seeming paradox concerning the Lorentz force law and relativity. Our results provide new insights into electromagnetic theory, since they provide a unified and general treatment of the balance of lineal and angular momentum that permits a better assessment of some torques. Thus in this work we extend the derivations we have made of balance equations for electromagnetic linear momentum to balance equations for electromagnetic angular momentum. These balance equations are derived from the macroscopic Maxwell equations by means of vector and tensor identities and from the different ways in which these equations are written in terms of fields E, D, B, and H, as well as polarizations P, and M. Therefore these balance equations are as sound as the macroscopic Maxwell equations, with the limitations of the constitutive relations.

关键词： Balance Equations Foundations of Electrodynamics Electromagnetic Angular Momentum Macroscopic Maxwell Equations Abraham-Minkowski Controversy

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A New Perspective of the Force on a Magnetizable Rod inside a Solenoid

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2018年第10期10卷 171-183页

作者： José-Luis Jiménez-Ramírez ignacio campos-flores José-Antonio-Eduardo Roa-Neri Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México D. F. México área de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco México D. F. México

We analyze the familiar effect of the pulling of a magnetizable rod by a magnetic field inside a solenoid. We find that the analogy with the pulling of a dielectric slab by a charged capacitor is not as direct as usually thought. Indeed, there are two possibilities to pursue the analogy, according to the correspondence used,?either E → B and D → H, or E?→ H and D?→ B. One of these results in an incorrect sign in the force, while the other gives the correct result. We avoid this ambiguity in the usual energy method applying a momentum balance equation derived from Maxwell’s equations. This method permits the calculation of the force with a volume integration of a force density, or with a surface integration of a stress tensor. An interpretation of our results establishes that the force acts at the interface and has its origin in Maxwell′s magnetic stresses at the medium-vacuum interface. This approach provides new insights and a new perspective of the origin of this force.

关键词： Force on a Rod in a Solenoid Magnetostatic Force Maxwell Momentum Balance Equation

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How Does Arise the Force on a Dielectric Slab in a Parallel Plate Capacitor?

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2018年第7期10卷 131-142页

作者： ignacio campos-flores José-Luis Jiménez-Ramírez José-Antonio-Eduardo Roa-Neri Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico City Mexico rea de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco Mexico City Mexico

We address the problem of the force exerted on a dielectric slab partially introduced into a charged parallel plate capacitor. This elementary problem is usually solved calculating this force as the gradient of an energy and attributing its origin to the action of the fringing field outside the capacitor on the dipoles of the dielectric slab. By applying Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetic stresses, we show that this force acts at the interface dielectric-vacuum and originates from the action of these stresses. This approach permits to obtain the force as a volume integration of a force density, or as a surface integral of a stress tensor. This force density and the stress tensor are part of a momentum balance equation derived from Maxwell’s equations.

关键词： Classical Electromagnetism Maxwell Equations Electrostatics Maxwell Balance Equation Maxwell Stress Tensor

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Induced Dipoles in Electromagnetic Media in Motion

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Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications 2018年第11期10卷 185-192页

作者： José-Antonio-Eduardo Roa-Neri José-Luis Jiménez-Ramírez ignacio campos-flores área de Física Teórica y Materia Condensada División de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Unidad Azcapotzalco México D. F. México Departamento de Física Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México D. F. México

We present a non-relativistic approach to the equivalent polarization Peq=(1/c2)v×Meq, that appears in a magnetized medium in motion. We apply an analogous method to that used by Panofsky and Phillips to calculate the symmetric effect, the equivalent magnetization that appears in a polarized dielectric in motion, Meq=P×v,?This method is based on a particular expression of Maxwell’s equations and the application of the convective derivative. These authors argue, however, that the equivalent polarization can be obtained only with a relativistic approach. We show that with the same method, but with a different and equivalent expression of Maxwell’s equations, this effect can also be calculated. In this way both effects can be considered relativistic effects to first order in v/c.

关键词： Moving Media Polarized Dielectric Macroscopic Maxwell Equations Induction of Magnetic Dipoles

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Description of a Propulsion Unit Used in Guiding a Walking Machine by Recognizing a Three-point Bordered Path

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2016年第6期29卷 1157-1166页

作者： NUNEZ-ALTAMIRANO Diego A JUAREZ-campos ignacio MARQUEZ-PEREZ Lucia flores-DIAZ Ociel School of Mechanical Engineering Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Morelia Michoacan Mexico

A reconfigurable propulsion unit based on the Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism has the ability to describe exact straight or curved paths depending on the selected ratio between the lengths of two of its links. The Peaucellier-Lipkin mechanism with one degree of freedom is transformed into a more sophisticated parallel kinematic chain by including four more degrees of freedom. The resulting propulsion unit is able to adapt its kinematic structure and reach instant centers of rotation, in accordance with the presence of three points that border a geometric path. A laser sensor mounted on the body of the machine detects each point. Once the machine has detected the exact location of the border of the road, it walks along a curve parallel to that border. Although the proposed research describes only one propulsion unit or leg, the methodology can be applied to all the legs of the walking machine. The novel 5-DOF leg is able to reach different centers of rotation, providing either the concave or convex arcs that satisfy the basic principle of displacement of walking machines.

关键词： Propulsion unit Peaucellier-Lipkin walking machine straight line mechanism.

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Clinical perspectives,assessment,and mechanisms of metabolicassociated fatty liver disease in patients with COVID-19

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第33期27卷 5502-5519页

作者： Alejandro campos-Murguía Berenice M Román-Calleja JoséA González-Regueiro Ivonne Hurtado-Díaz-de-León Alberto Adrián Solís-Ortega Nayelli C flores-García ignacio García-Juárez Astrid Ruiz-Margáin Ricardo Ulises Macías-Rodríguez Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico City 14080Mexico Liver Fibrosis and Nutrition Lab(LFNLab) MICTLÁN-Network(Mechanisms of Liver InjuryCell Death and Translational Nutrition in Liver Diseases-Research Network)Mexico City 14080Mexico

Metabolic diseases are highly prevalent worldwide and have been associated with adverse clinical outcomes,including mortality,in patients developing coronavirus disease(COVID-19).Because of the close relationship between metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity and the presence of metabolicassociated fatty liver disease(MAFLD),a high number of cases of patients affected by both MAFLD and COVID-19 would be expected,especially in highrisk populations.Some studies have shown an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes,viral shedding,and deep vein thrombosis,especially in patients with MAFLD-related liver fibrosis.The predisposition to poor outcomes and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in patients with MAFLD could be secondary to mechanisms common to both,including preexisting systemic chronic inflammation,endothelial dysfunction,and involvement of the renin-angiotensin system.Because of the increased risk of adverse outcomes,MAFLD should be screened in all patients admitted for COVID-19.Available computed tomography scans could be of help,assessment of liver fibrosis is also recommended,favoring noninvasive methods to limit the exposure of healthcare workers.Liver involvement in this population ranges from abnormalities in liver chemistry to hepatic steatosis in postmortem biopsies.Finally,preventive measures should be strongly advocated in patients already known to have MAFLD,including the use of telemedicine and vaccination in addition to general measures.

关键词： Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease COVID-19 Mortality Fibrosis Histology Epidemiology

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Pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2017年第6期13卷 588-592页

作者： Hugo Juárez Olguín Hector Osnaya Martínez Carmen flores Pérez Blanca Ramírez Mendiola Liliana Rivera Espinosa Juan Luis Chávez Pacheco Janett flores Pérez ignacio Mora Maga(n)a Laboratory of Pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Service of Cardiology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Laboratory of Pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Subdirection of Teaching and Educational Programming National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico

Background:Recently,sildenafil was introduced to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH);however,there are currently few studies on the pharmacokinetics of sildenalfil in children.Therefore,we aimed to carry out a pharmacokinetic study of sildenafil in children with PAH using a single dose.Methods:Twelve children diagnosed with PAH,consisting of with ten males and two females,were recruited for the study after obtaining written consent from their parents or guardians.Blood samples were obtained predose and at 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 12 hours after the oral administration of 1 mg/kg of sildenafil using an extemporal pediatric formulation developed in our laboratory.The samples were analyzed using a previously validated high performance liquid chromatography method.Results:A pharmacokinetic analysis using the WinNonlin 3.1 program that considered the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for sdecting a more adjustable model was performed.The following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained:maximal concentration (Cmax):366+179 ng/mL,time to maximal concentration:0.92±0.30 hours,elimination half-life (t1/2):2.41±1.18 hours,total clearance (CLto/F):5.85±2.81 L/hour,volume of distribution (Vd/F):20.13±14.5 L,absorption rate constants (Ka):0.343 hour-1,elimination rate (Ke):0.35 hour-1,area under curve from zero to infinity:2061±618 ng/mL/hour.The data of all patients adjusted to the model of one compartment were corroborated using AIC.Conclusions:The parameters Ka,Ke and t1/2 were found to be similar to those reported in adults;however,the values of Cmax and Vd/F were significantly higher.Based on these findings,we propose that treatment regimen of sildenafil be adjusted in children with PAH.

关键词： pharmacokinetics pulmonary arterial hypertension sildenafil

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