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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第3期14卷 93-98页

作者： Sanra Déborah Sanogo Kadiatou Doumbia Hourouma Sow Moussa Younoussou Dicko Youssouf Oumarou abdoulaye Berthé Sabine Drabo Luc Sidibé Makan Siré Tounkara abdoulaye Maiga Ouatou Mallé Ganda Soumaré Anselme Konaté Moussa Tièmoko Diarra Hepato-Gastroenterology Department CHU Point G Bamako Mali Hepato-Gastroenterology Department CHU Gabriel Touré Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Communautaire de Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Infection with the defective hepatitis D virus (HDV) co-infects or superinfects a patient carrying hepatitis B virus (HBV). Delta virus infection is relatively common. The seriousness of infection with the hepatitis D virus (HDV), a virus defective in a patient carrying the hepatitis B virus (HBV), lies in its aggravating effect on the associated viral hepatitis B. Our aim was to study the serological profile of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients. As this study was fragmentary, we initiated this study with the aim of investigating the serological profile of HDV in HBsAg-positive patients. This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study that ran from March 2019 to February 2020, a 12-month period. It focused on the population of patients seen and screened positive for HBsAg. We obtained a frequency of 10%. The mean age of our patients was 41.8 ± 13.09 years. The sex ratio was 4.5. VHD RNA was detected in 50% of patients. In 100% of cases, the presence of VHD RNA was associated with advanced fibrosis according to the APRI score, but without any statistically significant link. All HBV-infected patients should be screened for anti-HDV Ac. HDV infection leads to rapid progression to complications of liver disease.

关键词： HBsAg VHD RNA Liver Disease

Detection of Adenovirus in Fresh Fruit, Vegetables, Wastewater and Manure from Irrigated Farms in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 644-662页

作者： Kuan abdoulaye Traore Madou Sanou Jean Bienvenue Ouoba Bruno Lalidia Ouoba Pierre Roques Nicolas Barro Laboratoire de Biologie Molculaire dEpidmiologie et de Surveillance des Bactries et Virus Transmissibles par les Aliments (LaBESTA) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LaSVT) Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Virology Unit Institut Pasteur de Guine Conakry Guinea

Enteric viral pathogens are responsible for numerous epidemics associated with the consumption of fresh fruit and vegetable, whether raw or minimally processed. The aim of the present study was to assess agricultural practices and the presence of adenovirus (AdV) in fruits and vegetables, manure and irrigation wastewater sampled in the urban and peri-urban perimeters of Ouagadougou. A total of 286 samples including 30 lettuces, 42 tomatoes, 30 carrots, 30 strawberries, 74 manures and 80 wastewater samples were collected from four market garden sites in and around Ouagadougou. Nested PCR was performed with specific primers to detect adenoviruses (AdVs). A face-to-face survey was carried out using a questionnaire on market garden production practices. Overall, adenoviruses prevalence was 5.9% [IC95, 3.2% - 8.7%] in all samples analyzed. It was specifically 7.14% (3/42) from tomatoes, 6.7% (2/30) from lettuces, 20% (6/30) on strawberries and 7.5% (6/80) in irrigation water. The survey showed that irrigation water came from untreated sources (dam, well, canal) and then 52% of farms used untreated manure. No farms have implemented measures to limit access by domestic and wild animals. This work shows the presence of human adenoviruses in surface irrigation water and fresh produce, which is of concern when fresh produce is consumed raw. To reduce the public health risks associated with consuming these foods, it is essential to follow good hygiene and cultivation practices.

关键词： Adenovirus Raw Fruits and Vegetables Nested PCR Wastewater Manure Ouagadougou

Preliminary Study of Chemical Elements Distribution in Petroleum Source Rocks Donga and Yogou Formations of the Termit Sedimentary Basin (Est-Niger)

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 49-62页

作者： Alassane Ibrahim Maman Bachir abdoulaye Dan Makaou Oumarou Baraou Idi Souley Kouakou Alponse Yaou Abdoulwahid Sani Department of Fossil Energy University of Agadez (UAZ) Agadez Niger Civil Engineering Geosciences and Geographic Sciences Laboratory Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphou&#235t Boigny (INP-HB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Geology University of Agadez (UAZ) Agadez Niger

XRF and EDX analyses were carried out on 18 batches of representative raw samples to determine the distribution of major chemical elements in the petroleum source rocks of Donga and Yogou formations of Termit sedimentary basin. The chemical composition of these formations is dominated by silicon (Si), aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe). This is consistent with the oxide composition, which is also dominated by silicon oxide (SiO2), aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and iron monoxide (FeO). No less important chemical elements are calcium (Ca), potassium (K), sulfur (S), titanium (Ti), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and barium (Ba), as well as some of their oxides. All these major chemical elements are carried by silicate detrital minerals associated with pyrite and goethite and/or clay minerals such as kaolinite and interstratified illite, smectite and chlorite. This trend is illustrated by the values of the Si/Al and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios.

关键词： Distribution Major Elements Source Rocks Donga Formation Yogou Formation Termit Basin

Psychosocial Aspects of Male Infertility at the Service of Urology-Andrology of the Hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship

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Open Journal of Urology 2024年第7期14卷 400-406页

作者： Alimou Diallo Thierno Oumar Diallo Alpha Oumar Barry Ibrahima Bah abdoulaye Bobo Diallo Oumar Raphiou Bah Urology Department of the Hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea Urology Department of National Ignace Deen Hospital Faculty of Health Sciences and Technologies Gamal Abdel Nasser University of Conakry Conakry Guinea

Objective: Describe the psychosocial aspects of male infertility at the hospital of the Sino-Guinean Friendship. Patients and method: It is a prospective study of a descriptive type covering a period of 6 months. The study covered 17 patients, all received for a desire to conceive after at least one year of regular sexual intercourse without contraception. The data were collected from patient interviews using a pre-established questionnaire. Results: The average age of the patients was 32.07 years with extremes of 23 years and 42 years. During this study, 64.70% of patients were no longer participating in community ceremonies. The patients’ relationships with their spouse and family deteriorated in 52.94% and 47.06%, respectively. Conversely, relations with the family of origin remained unchanged in 70.59 percent of cases. The reduction in economic activity was by 13 patients (76.48%). Conclusion: Male infertility causes a real psychic earthquake in men with its corollaries of negative feelings. The rather complex moral repercussions of male infertility affect not only the individual, his/her partner, and family, but also economic activity.

关键词： Male Infertility Psycho-Social Aspect Psychic Earthquake

Osgood Schlatter Disease: Study of 2 Observations in Conakry, Guinea

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Open Journal of Rheumatology and Autoimmune Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 77-83页

作者： Adama Bah Laetitia Cynthia Abandazegoue Andjembe abdoulaye Barry Mamadou Lamine Diallo Moustapha Niasse Aly Badra Kamissoko Rheumatology Department Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Conakry Guin&#233e Rheumatology Department CHU Aristide Le Dantec of Dakar Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Department of Rhumatology Sylvanus Olypio University Hospital Lom&#233 Lom&#233 Togo

Introduction: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee, 20 to 30% of young growing athletes suffer from this pathology, described by Osgood and Schlatter in 1903. Objective: To report 2 observations and review the literature. Observation 1: This was a 14-year-old Guinean teenager, Halpoular, living in Conakry, a right-handed footballer who presented with a painful swelling of the right knee that looked mechanical, whose father had HLA B27 positive ankylosing spondylitis. X-ray of the right knee showed fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosities, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendons at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren (1961). Thus, the disease of OSD is retained, He received 120 mg of diclofenac, 20 mg omeprazole for 1 month and the cessation of sports activity, the evolution was favorably marked by the regression of pain. Observation 2: A 16-year-old girl, initials M.L.T, Guinean, residing in Coyah (Republic of Guinea), a handball player, consulted for intense pain (VAS: 8/10) in her knees after a violent shock received when she hit the post. The physical examination found a painful, soft swelling at the anterior tibial tuberosity of the right knee, the rest of the examination was normal. The X-ray of the right knee shows fragmentation of the anterior tibial tuberosity, and ossicle with edema of the patellar tendon at stage 4 according to Ehrenbord and Lagergren 1961, thus the OSD disease is retained, the treatment instituted was 120 mg of diclofenac, the cessation of sports activity which gives a good evolution (EVA at 2/10). Conclusion: OSD is a growth osteochondrosis affecting the apophyseal cartilage of the anterior tibial tuberosity of the knee in young growing athletes, resolving at rest.

关键词： Osgood Shlatter Disease Young Athlete

Consumers’ Perception and Knowledge of Food Additives in Senegal: A Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第1期14卷 38-50页

作者： Alé Kane Hamidou Mbodji Papa Mamadou Dit Doudou Sylla Alioune Sow abdoulaye Tamba Malick Mbengue Mady Cissé Laboratory of Biological Agronomic and Food Sciences and Complex Systems Modelling (LABAAM) University Gaston Berger (UGB) Saint-Louis Senegal UFR of Agronomic Sciences Aquaculture and Food Technology (UFR S2ATA) UGB Saint-Louis Senegal Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology University Cheikh Anta Diop of Dakar Dakar Senegal

Food safety has become a major concern for consumers, as well as a priority for regulatory authorities. Faced with the growing industrial and domestic use of food additives, many questions are being asked and concerns are being felt by consumers around the world. Consumer perception defines the acceptability or rejection of food products, and has an impact on consumption patterns and behavior. To assess the level of knowledge and perception of food additives, a pilot study was carried out on a sample of 200 people in Dakar and Saint-Louis. A questionnaire was used to assess the acceptance or rejection, use and impact of food additives by consumers in Senegal. The results revealed several aspects. On the whole, the people surveyed expressed great mistrust and even rejection of these substances added to food products. This consumer perception is shared throughout the world, as indicated in numerous surveys. It also emerges from this study that, although most consumers are aware of the existence of these additives and their uses in the home, they feel that the use of these substances in industrial production is too excessive. What’s more, consumers associate food additives with numerous pathologies such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension, stroke and even sexual impotence. For some of these indexed pathologies, scientific studies have reached the same conclusions, although controversy still persists. On the other hand, for some of the other adverse effects mentioned, no cause-and-effect relationship has been scientifically demonstrated. In these latter cases, it seems that negative communication, misinformation and misconceptions have a major influence on consumer perception of food additives.

关键词： Consumer Survey Food Additives Knowledge Perception Senegal

Study of the Constraints of Millet Production (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and the Peasant Perception of Biological Control in the Tahoua Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Rabé Mahamane Moctar Hama Oumarou Issaka Rabo Salissou abdoulaye Amoustapha Soumaila Bakoye Nouhou Ousmane Baoua Ibrahim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Djibo Hamani University of Tahoua Tahoua Niger NGO Sahel Bio of Maradi Maradi Niger Faculty of Agronomy and Environnemental Science DanDicko DanKoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger

Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is the Sahelian crop par excellence due to its adaptation to the particular production conditions in this region. Unfortunately, in recent years this crop has been threatened by very strong parasitic pressure and drought during the production period. The objective of this study is to analyze the main constraints of millet production and the solutions known to producers. A survey was carried out in November 2022 with a sample of 298 producers in five municipalities in the Tahoua region. The main constraints are drought and pressure from crop pests (locust, millet ear miner, floricultural insects) according to 57.9% of respondents. The millet ear miner is the most formidable pest according to 55% of respondents. Thus, the average yield obtained in a year of good production without the leafminer is 194 kg/ha and that obtained in a year of millet ear leafminer is around 27 kg to 43 kg/ha depending on the municipality. The yield obtained this last campaign after the attack of this leafminer varies from 64 to 77 kg/ha depending on the municipalities compared to a potential yield of over 1000 kg/ha. More than half of producers (58.1%) are unaware of the existence of biological control compared to only 12.5% who are aware of this alternative method. Work to popularize this technology is necessary in the five municipalities and the entire region in general.

关键词： Biological Control Ear Miner Millet

Contribution of High Sensible C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) in the Assessment of the Risk of Onset of Type 2 Diabetes and Its Cardiovascular Complications

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2024年第2期14卷 95-107页

作者： Maïmouna Touré Léopold Ngor Sène Jean Pierre Diagne Demba Diédhiou Souleymane Thiam Abdou Khadir Sow Mor Diaw Aïssatou Seck Salimata Diagne Houndjo abdoulaye Ba abdoulaye Samb Fatou Diallo-Agne Modou Oumy Kane Laboratoire de Physiologie et d’ Explorations Fonctionnelles Physiologiques Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal IRL3189 &#8220Environnement Sant&#233 Soci&#233t&#233&#8221 CNRS CNRST Bamako-UCAD Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire Privé de Biologie General Kaolack S&#233n&#233gal Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Abasse Ndao Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie molé culaire Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d&#8217OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal Laboratoire de Physiologie Pharmaceutique Facult&#233 de M&#233decine de Pharmacie et d'OdontoStomatologie (FMPOS) Universit&#233 Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar S&#233n&#233gal

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. The latter plays an essential role in inflammation by stimulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines or by increasing their secretion by an oxidative mechanism. These cytokines control the hepatic synthesis of an inflammatory protein called C-Reactive Protein (CRP). High or average values of CRP would have a predictive value of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The relationship between low CRP values and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications is not sufficiently studied. The hsCRP could serve as a predictive biomarker of risk of onset, follow-up and prognosis for type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. To answer this problem, we conducted this study, the aim of which was to study the predictive role of hsCRP in the risk of occurrence of type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective and cross-sectional case-control study involving 200 participants including 100 control women and 100 women with type 2 diabetes (mean age was respectively 49.89 years ± 8.26 & 51.92 years ± 7.18;p = 0.066). The interviews were conducted on the basis of a questionnaire. Physical examination collected biometric data and cardiovascular constants. The biochemical parameters such as hsCRP were analyzed by an automated Abbott device. Results: We noted that hsCRP was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to control subjects (p (rho = 0.40, p systolic blood pressure (rho = 0.30, p = 0.003), diastolic blood pressure (rho = 0.28, p = 0.006), total body fat (rho = 0.48, p Conclusion: hsCRP has a prognostic value in the evaluation of cardiovascular risk. It seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. It could thus be considered as a biomarker for the screening, monitoring and prognosis of type 2

关键词： hsCRP Biomarker Inflammation Type 2 Diabetes

Morbidity and Mortality Related to Infectious Diseases in the Roi Boudouin Paediatric Ward in Senegal

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 727-737页

作者： Guillaye Diagne Aliou abdoulaye Ndongo Djeneba Fafa Cissé Sidy Lamine Mbaye Jean Baptiste Niokhor Diouf Fatou Ly Pediatrics Ward of Pikine Hospital Pikine Sngal Pediatrics Ward of Roi Boudouin Hospital Dakar Sngal

Introduction: Infant and child morbidity and mortality linked to infections remain a major concern in both developed and developing countries. The general objective was to determine the characteristics of hospital morbidity and mortality linked to infectious pathologies in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study focusing on children hospitalized from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 in the pediatric department of the King Baudouin hospital center in Dakar. Results: During the study period, 1474 children were hospitalized for an infectious pathology in the pediatric department. The sex ratio was 1.48. Children aged between one and twelve months represented 34.12%. Morbidity due to respiratory and digestive infections was 42.33% and 33.45%, respectively. Pediatric hospital mortality was 0.75% with a predominance noted in infants between 1 and 12 months (55.86%). Respiratory, digestive infections, sepsis and neurological infections were the main causes of death. Factors associated with mortality were age (1 to 12 months) with p Conclusion: Reducing infant and child mortality linked to infectious diseases remains a crucial challenge to address for improving children’s health. Early detection of related signs, prevention of infections, and adequate care and monitoring of infants and children can contribute to this reduction.

关键词： Morbidity Mortality Infections Children

Phytochemical Characterization and Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Mitragyna inermis (Willd.) O. Ktze on the in Vitro Growth of Clinical Strains Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Involved in Gastro Enteritis

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 101-113页

作者： Monon Kone Youssouf Zanga Traore Tidiane Kamagate Ahmont Landry Claude Kablan abdoulaye Toure Karamoko Ouattara Adama Coulibaly Department of Biochemistry-Genetics Training and Research Unit Biological Sciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Mathematics-Physics-Chemistry Training and Research Unit Biological Sciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Biology and Health Training and Research Unit of Bioscience University of Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology Training and Research Unit of Agriculture Fisheries Resources and Agro-Industry University of San Pedro San Pedro Cte dIvoire

Gastroenteritis constitutes a group of diarrheal diseases of infectious origin, responsible for absenteeism from work, morbidity and mortality, especially among aged people. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Mitragyna inermis extracts on the in vitro growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa involved in gastroenteritis. Phytochemical screening was carried out using two distinct methods. The detection of phytochemical compounds by tube coloring and chromatography on a thin layer of silica gel. The sensitivity of organisms was evaluated by the agar well method. The dilution method in liquid medium coupled with spreading on Mueller Hinton agar helped determine the CMB/MIC activity ratios. The investigations show that the extract has the best extraction yield (75.86% ± 0.20%) compared to the aqueous macerated (61.8% ± 0.08%) and decocted (66.6% ± 0.12%). These extracts contain several phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, alkaloids, saponosides, coumarins and sterols and terpenes. These substances are endowed with biological activities and could be at the origin of antibacterial activity observed with M. inermis extracts. The analysis of antibacterial activity showed that the germs are sensitive to the extracts with inhibition diameters ranging from 8.30 ± 0.53 to 17.87 ± 0.58 mm. The ethanolic extract was the most active with diameters varying from 15.07 ± 0.62 to 17.87 ± 0.58 mm on all the germs tested. E. coli and S. aureus were the most sensitive germs to the extracts. P. aeruginosa was the least sensitive germ. Activity reports indicate that the extracts exert bactericidal activity on E. coli and S. aureus but bacteriostatic activity on P. aeruginosa. These results justify the use of M. inermis leaves in a traditional environment to treat gastroenteritis.

关键词： Phytochemical Characterization Antibacterial Activity Mitragyna inermis Gastro Enteritis