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Nutritional and Medicinal Values of the Three Most Used Plants in Chad: Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Corchorus olitorius L.

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第8期15卷 636-650页

作者： Sabre idriss Absakine Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Technologies University of Doba Doba Chad

This review explores the nutritional and health benefits of three vegetable plants in Chad: Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Corchorus olitorius L. These plants are widely consumed by Chadian population, but few research studies have focused on their nutritional and health benefits. The aim is to stimulate research, investment, and in-depth studies on these plants to encourage their use and transformation in Chad. Abelmoschus esculentus, Hibiscus sabdariffa, and Corchorus olitorius L. are Malvaceae species with medicinal properties and traditional use in Chad. They contain essential amino acids and have antinociceptive, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, and anxiolytic activities. Their extract has hypoglycemic potential as a preventative or adjunct therapy for pre-diabetes or diabetes. Hibiscus sabdariffa is rich in essential vitamins, including vitamin A, which is beneficial for eyes, anti-aging, and sight. Its vitamin C helps fight free radicals and ensures good resistance to infections. Corchorus olitorius L. has a nutritional composition ranging from 1.2 to 34.4 mg/100 g and is known for its mucilaginous seeds, young tops and leaves, and silky hair. These plants have potential medicinal applications in antidiabetic, anti-gastritis, and prebiotic fields, and play a significant role in neural development and health. Promoting their use in Chad requires conservation programs, public policies, and local population planting. Future research should focus on their nutritional and medicinal properties, targeting underutilized species to address micronutrient deficiencies. Enhancing bioconservative properties and communication of these plants’ virtues are crucial for their optimal availability and protection.

关键词： A. esculentus H. sabdariffa C. olitorius Nutritional and Medicinal

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Cotton Leafhoppers, Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Identified as a New Species on Okra and Guinea Sorrel in Niger

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Advances in Entomology 2024年第3期12卷 183-194页

作者： Zinsou François-Xavier Akonde Ousmane Zakari Moussa Sanoussi Atta idriss Hamidou Leyo Iro Dan Guimbo Agricultural Zoology Laboratory AGRHYMET Regional Center Niamey Niger Faculty of Agronomy Abdou Moumouni University Niamey Niger

Leafhoppers (jassids) are well-known pests of vegetable crops in Niger. They are often part of a parasitic complex that causes varying degrees of damage. Over the last two crop years, the Niamey region has seen a heavy outbreak of leaf hoppers on okra and guinea sorrel. These insects alone have caused spectacular damage, resulting in losses ranging from 50% to 100% of unharvested plants. Following this observation, infested fields were surveyed, specimens sampled, and the responsible species identified. Two sites were surveyed in the city of Niamey. At each site, two plots of okra and two of guinea sorrel were visited. Fifty (50) plants were randomly sampled using the double “W” method per plot. The sampled plants were used for active and passive leaf hopper capture, damage description and loss assessment. Captured leaf hoppers were identified based on their morphology observed with a binocular magnifying glass and compared with the data in the identification keys. The symptoms observed in the plots were yellowing, leaf curling and drying, stunting, abortion of flowers and immature fruit and very low production. Identification results revealed the single species Amrasca biguttula (Ishida, 1913), which can be considered a new invasive species in Niger. Further confirmation of this identification by molecular tests, the distribution of the pest in Niger and the development of appropriate control methods would yield good prospects.

关键词： Amrasca biguttula Guinea Sorrel Niger Okra Survey

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Tuberculosis in the Carcinal Environment in Chad Due to the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Circulante Complex

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第2期12卷 214-224页

作者： Ahmat idriss Ahmat Mahamat Tahir Ngaré Hassan Ngandolo Bongo Nare Richard Mahamat Adanao Adoudou Mbah Ntepe Leonel Javeres Hamidou Yacoubou Ali Mahamat Moussa Laboratory for Diagnostic Research and Scientific Expertise University of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad Veterinary and Zootechnical Research Laboratory of Farcha N’Djamena Livestock and Development Research Institute N’Djamena Chad Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies (IMPM) Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaoundé Cameroon Cameroon Ministry of Public Health Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Human Health Sciences University of N’Djamena N’Djamena Chad

Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease and its control is considered a challenge, particularly among vulnerable populations such as prisoners. The prevalence of TB in prisons is an alarming public health problem in many countries. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of tuberculosis and the strategies for controlling this disease in the Chadian prison population. During the course of our study, the prevalence of tuberculosis in prisons was 9.64%. The age group between 55 years and over (43.33%) was the most represented in this study, and all patients were men with a frequency of 62.66%. The cross-tabulation of Culture_7H9G and Culture_7H9P showed that out of our total positive sample, we found a total of 87 positive strains and 63 negative strains. Our study shows that it is essential to know the prevalence of tuberculosis in all the country’s prisons. Indeed, this can serve as an indication of the need for action in prisons to reduce TB rates, in particular by improving the structure of prison environments, diagnosing new cases quickly and accurately, identifying drug-resistant strains and implementing effective, direct treatment observed in people with tuberculosis.

关键词： Mycobacterium Prison Tuberculosis and Chad

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Neural Transfer Learning for Soil Liquefaction Tests New Approach to Evaluate Soil Liquefaction based on a Pre-trained Model

Neural Transfer Learning for Soil Liquefaction Tests New App...

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作者： idriss Jairi 西南石油大学

学位级别：硕士

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Regional Insecurity and Chad’s Security Engagement in the Sahel Region Since 2010

Regional Insecurity and Chad’s Security Engagement in the S...

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作者： Adoum idriss Touka 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

萨赫勒（Sahel）,一片位于撒哈拉沙漠与非洲大草原之间的地区,十多年来一直经受着由恐怖主义威胁造成的前所未有的安全危机。这场危机——有其历史遗留的以及当下现存的因素——破坏了整个区域的安全环境。这场安全危机造成了巨大的后... 详细信息

萨赫勒（Sahel）,一片位于撒哈拉沙漠与非洲大草原之间的地区,十多年来一直经受着由恐怖主义威胁造成的前所未有的安全危机。这场危机——有其历史遗留的以及当下现存的因素——破坏了整个区域的安全环境。这场安全危机造成了巨大的后果——它让许多人们失去了生命,同时使得数以千计的家庭背井离乡。随着2011年利比亚卡扎菲政权的倒台,一些恐怖组织一直在萨赫勒地区寻求庇护,该地区的不安全性急剧增加,同时危及了乍得共和国的国家安全。自2013年以来,由于乍得在萨赫勒的战略地位,乍得与该区域的成员国进行了几次军事接触,以应对日益增长的恐怖主义威胁。尽管相关投入日益扩大,但在伊斯兰宗派“博科圣地”（一个在乍得湖盆地活动的组织）的日益壮大下,恐怖袭击还在继续。即使有法国和美国积极参与萨赫勒地区的军事安全行动,不稳定局势依然存在。为什么会如此?何者应对该地区反复出现的不安全状况负责?为了理解该区域的不安全状况,我们将会:将国家安全框架用于分析,并在二手资料中定性地生成数据,且利用叙事技巧来对其进行考察。研究结果表明,萨赫勒地区的动荡是双重的:其一,萨赫勒地区各成员国的国安情况区别较大;二来,乍得面临着国内外的挑战。因此,我们建议各成员国相互协调配合、共同守护区域安全,同时还需要解决乍得的社会正义和人类发展问题。

关键词：乍得国家安全区域安全社会正义恐怖主义

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The mRNA Expression Study for Target Genes of miR-246and miR-357-358Involved in PTZ-induced Epilepsy in ***

The mRNA Expression Study for Target Genes of miR-246and miR...

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作者： ELJAILI ALAMIN idriss ALI 东北师范大学

学位级别：硕士

It has been known that many C. elegans genes can function similarly to mammalian genes. And its genome is surprisingly similar to that of humans （40%homologous）. So C. elegans becomes an attractive organism in the study of human diseases. Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders, which is characterized by paroxysmal electrical disturbances of the brain that are manifested as seizures. Most epilepsy researchers have chosen to limit their studies to mammalian organisms, such as mouse and rat, which exemplify nervous system complexities quite similar to those of humans. But this complexity substantially hinders screening for epilepsy genes, as it necessitates costly and inefficient procedures. Pentylenetetrazole （PTZ） is a chemical antagonist of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, GABA. It is a common seizure inducer in animal models of epilepsy, such as mice and rats. It has been reported that PTZ can also induce epilepsy-like convulsion in some mutant worms. So our research group used *** as a model to establish a system for screening the genes involved in PTZ-induced epilepsy. miR-246and miR-357-358were the first two miRNAs involved in PTZ-induced epilepsy that we screened by this screening model. In order to know which genes are the target genes for these two epilepsy-related miR-246and *** this study, we first got the predicted target genes of miR-246and miR-357-358by Microcosm target software. Then, we selected8genes for every miRNA, according to their main expression in worm neurous system and important fuction in neurous activities. Last, we check the mRNA expression level of these selected target genes in miR-246and miR-357-358mutant by RT-PCR. Our results showed that the mRNA level of gpa-13was higher in miR-246mutant worms than that in wide type N2. In addition, the mRNA levels of kqt-3, kvs-1, klc-2and jnk-1was increased in mir-357-358mutant worm, compared to wild type worms. These suggested that gpa-13may be one of the

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Maternal betaine suppresses adrenal expression of cholesterol trafficking genes and decreases plasma corticosterone concentration in offspring pullets

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2020年第1期11卷 241-250页

作者： Halima Abobaker Yun Hu Nagmeldin A.Omer Zhen Hou Abdulrahman A.idriss Ruqian Zhao MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health&Food Safety Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology&Biochemistry Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095People’s Republic of China College of Allied Medical Sciences University of Nyala155 NyalaSudan.

Background:Laying hens supplemented with betaine demonstrate activated adrenal steroidogenesis and deposit higher corticosterone(CORT)in the egg *** we further investigate the effect of maternal betaine on the plasma CORT concentration and adrenal expression of steroidogenic genes in offspring ***:Maternal betaine significantly reduced(P<0.05)plasma CORT concentration and the adrenal expression of vimentin that is involved in trafficking cholesterol to the mitochondria for utilization in offspring ***,voltage-dependent anion channel 1 and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein,the two mitochondrial proteins involved in cholesterol influx,were both down-regulated at m RNA and protein ***,enzymes responsible for steroid syntheses,such as cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 and cytochrome P450 family 21 subfamily A member 2,were significantly(P<0.05)up-regulated at m RNA or protein levels in the adrenal gland of pullets derived from betaine-supplemented ***,expression of transcription factors,such as steroidogenic factor-1,sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 and c AMP response element-binding protein,was significantly(P<0.05)enhanced,together with their downstream target genes,such as 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase,LDL receptor and sterol regulatory element-binding protein cleavage-activating *** promoter regions of most steroidogenic genes were significantly(P<0.05)hypomethylated,although methyl transfer enzymes,such as AHCYL,GNMT1 and BHMT were ***:These results indicate that the reduced plasma CORT in betaine-supplemented offspring pullets is linked to suppressed cholesterol trafficking into the mitochondria,despite the activation of cholesterol and corticosteroid synthetic genes associated with promoter hypomethylation.

关键词： Adrenal gland Chicken Cholesterol Corticosterone Maternal betaine Steroidogenesis

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A stochastic threshold of a delayed epidemic model incorporating Levy processes with harmonic mean and vaccination

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International Journal of Biomathematics 2020年第7期13卷 297-323页

作者： Mohamed El Fatini idriss Sekkak Aziz Laaribi Roger Pettersson Kai Wang Laboratory of PDE’s Algebra and Spectral Geometry Faculty of SciencesIbn Tofail University BP 133KenitraMorocco Department of Mathematics Sultan Moulay Slimane University Beni MellalMorocco Department of Mathematics Linnaeus University 35195 VaxjoSweden Department of Applied Mathematics Anhui University of Finance and Economics Bengbu 233030 P.R.China

The aim of this paper is to investigate a stochastic threshold for a delayed epidemic model driven by Levy noise with a nonlinear incidence and ***,we derive a stochastic threshold 77s which depends on model parameters and stochastic coefficients for a better understanding of the dynamical spreading of the ***,we prove the well posedness of the ***,we study the extinction and the persistence of the disease according to the values of ***,using different scenarios of Tuberculosis disease in Morocco,we perform some numerical simulations to support the analytical results.

关键词： Dynamics Levy process delayed model stochastic threshold

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Robust Estimators for Poisson Regression

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Open Journal of Statistics 2023年第1期13卷 112-118页

作者： idriss Abdelmajid idriss Weihu Cheng College of Applied Science Department of Statistics Beijing University of Technology Beijing China

The present paper proposes a new robust estimator for Poisson regression models. We used the weighted maximum likelihood estimators which are regarded as Mallows-type estimators. We perform a Monte Carlo simulation study to assess the performance of a suggested estimator compared to the maximum likelihood estimator and some robust methods. The result shows that, in general, all robust methods in this paper perform better than the classical maximum likelihood estimators when the model contains outliers. The proposed estimators showed the best performance compared to other robust estimators.

关键词： Poisson Regression Model Maximum Likelihood Estimator Robust Estimation Contaminated Model Weighted Maximum Likelihood Estimator

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MiR-140 downregulates fatty acid synthesis by targeting transforming growth factor alpha(TGFA)in bovine mammary epithelial cells

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第10期21卷 3004-3016页

作者： CHU Shuang-feng ZHAO Tian-qi Abdelaziz Adam idriss ARBAB YANG Yi CHEN Zhi YANG Zhang-ping College of Animal Science and Technology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture&Agri-Product Safety Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses College of Veterinary MedicineYangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Fat is an indispensable nutrient and basic metabolite for sustaining life,and milk is particularly rich in fatty acids,including a variety of saturated and unsaturated fatty ***(miRNA)and mRNA play an important role in the regulation of milk fat metabolism in mammary gland *** has been shown that lipid metabolism has a complex transcriptional regulation,but the mechanism by which milk fat synthesis is regulated through miRNA–mRNA interactions is poorly *** this study,we performed transcriptome sequencing with bovine mammary gland tissue in the late lactation(270 and 315 days after parturition)to identify the key gene that regulating milk fat metabolism.A total of 1207 differentially coexpressed genes were selected,828 upregulated genes and 379 downregulated genes were *** transforming growth factor alpha(TGFA)gene was selected as the target gene,and luciferase reporter assay,Western blotting and q RT-PCR were used for further *** results demonstrated that miR-140 was an upstream regulator of TGFA,and miR-140 could inhibit(P<0.01)unsaturated fatty acid and triglyceride(TAGs)production in bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMECs).In contrast,TGFA promoted(P<0.01)unsaturated fatty acid and TAG *** experiments further indicated the mi R-140/TGFA regulatory *** together,these results suggest that the mi R-140/TGFA pathway can inhibit(P<0.01)milk fat metabolism and improve milk quality by genetic means.

关键词： bovine mammary epithelial cells TGFA transcriptome sequencing miR-140 fatty acid metabolism

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