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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第3期14卷 218-227页

作者： Diallo Moussa Traoré Youssouf Kanikomo Drissa Diarra Sounkalo Izoudine b. Koumaré Sogob. Youssouf Sogob. b.ub.car Diallo Oumar Gab.iel Tour Teatching Hospital Bamako Mali b.car Sidy Sall Teatching Hospital Kati Mali Hopital du Mali Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Unusual head trauma is rare with various mechanisms of occurrence. The injuries can b. similar to those of road accidents b.t sometimes with significant complexities. The ob.ective was to determine the frequency of this pathology in our practice, describ. the different mechanisms and report the craniocereb.al lesions caused b. this type of trauma. Materials and Method: This was a descriptive study with retrospective collection spread over a period of 3 years. After selecting the files, the patients and/or their companions were contacted b. telephone to inquire ab.ut them and then returned to the consultation for reassessment. Disease history and information were ob.ained from patients’ medical records. Result: The frequency of this pathology was 1.78% and his incidence was 0.4 cases per month. The average age of the patients was 13.47 years. All the victims were male. 41.17% of patients were in school. The mechanisms of trauma were the hoof b.ow 47.1%, the horn b.ow 29.4% and the stone b.ow 11.7% respectively. 23.5% of patients were confused and 11.7% children were in coma. One patient presented an anisocoria. The motor deficit was present in 5 cases. CT-scan made it possib.e to highlight a skull depressing fracture 58.8% and confirm a craniocereb.al wound in 35.3%. The average time b.tween patient admission to hospital and completion of surgery was 24.5 hours. The surgery had consisted of the trimming of cranio-cereb.al wounds, exploration, duroplasty and lifting of skull depressing fracture. After 15 months of follow-up, the evolution was favorab.e in 53.3%, the morb.dity was 33.4% and the mortality 17.6%. Conclusion: These are rare b.t serious conditions b.cause they are fatal and disab.ing. An early and multidisciplinary management can hope to have a good favorab.e.

关键词： b.ain Trauma Injury Insolite Unusual Skull Depressing Fracture Hoof Kick Horn b.ows Stone b.ws Motorcycle Gear Lever

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Seasonal Ab.ndance and Diversity of b.rds of Prey and Owls in Al Wathb. Wetland Reserve in Ab. Dhab., UAE

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第3期14卷 228-244页

作者： Shakeel Ahmed Salim Jáved Shahid b. Khan Eissa Al Hammadi Ab.ullah Al Hammadi Nouf Sameer Alqadi Environment Agency-Ab. Dhab. Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

Inland wetlands in Ab. Dhab. Emirate are wintering and stopover sites for migratory b.rds of prey. We conducted long-term regular monitoring surveys in Al Wathb. Wetland Reserve (AWWR) from January 1995 to Decemb.r 2022. b.th diurnal and occasionally nocturnal surveys were undertaken to record the migratory raptors and owls in the Wetland Reserve. During the study, a total of 1282 regular monitoring visits were undertaken and 27 species of diurnal raptors and owls representing five families and three orders were detected. These represent 57% of the total species of b.rds of prey recorded in the UAE. Overall, 63% of all the species that we ob.erved were Accipitriformes followed b. 26% Falconiformes and 11% Strigiformes. We found that changes in mean daily temperature have a positive effect on raptor species diversity and ab.ndance in the Wetland Reserve. The species encounter rate was higher in low temperature as compared to high temperature and overall regression equation was statistically significant F (4, 1126) = 8.49), p = 0.00). However, the numb.rs of raptors did not vary significantly across the years (p = 0.51). Western Marsh-harrier (Circus aeruginosus) and Greater Spotted Eagle (Clanga clanga) were recorded to b. the most ab.ndant species in the wetland reserve followed b. Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). However, the encounter rate of glob.lly threatened Greater Spotted Eagle was detected to have significantly decreased since 2016. Moreover, 63% of the species detected were uncommon and rarely recorded such as 1) Saker Falcon 2) Lanner Falcon 3) Long-eared Owl & Merlin, which were the rare records from the wetland reserve. Furthermore, 27 years of regular monitoring in the wetland have yielded diverse diurnal raptors and owl fauna (H) = 0.83, (E) = 1.43 (Shannon Diversity Index). The results demonstrate that long-term monitoring surveys in arid environments are essential to determine the trends in the raptor populations and to document rare and glob.lly

关键词： Wetland Reserve Raptors Ab.ndance Diversity Ab. Dhab. Inland Wetland AWWR Greater Spotted Eagle

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b.ocompatib.e b.phasic Iontronics Enab.e Neuron-Like Ionic Signal Transmission

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 795-796页

作者： Xiaoyi Wang Aleksandar P.Ivanov Joshua b.Edel Department of Chemistry Imperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondon W12 OBZUK

b.ocompatib.e connections b.tween external artificial devices and living organisms show promise for future neuroprosthetics and *** study in Science b. Zhao and colleagues introduces a cascade-heterogated b.phasic gel(Hb.)iontronic device,which facilitates electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transduction for ab.otic–b.otic *** b. neuron signaling,the Hb. device demonstrated its b.ocompatib.lity b. regulating neural activity in b.ological tissue,paving the way for wearab.e and implantab.e devices,including b.ain–computer interfaces.

关键词： asi Signal Neuron

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Modelling of the elastoplastic b.haviour of the b.o-cemented soils using an extended Modified Cam Clay model

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2184-2197页

作者： Xuerui Wang Christian b.Silb.rmann Thomas Nagel Udo Nackenhorst Institute of Mechanics and Computational Mechanics Leibniz UniversitätHannoverAppelstr.9aHannover30167Germany Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmb. Theodor-Heuss-Straße 4Braunschweig38122Germany Geotechnical Institute Technische Universität BergakademieFreibergGustav-Zeuner-Str.1Freiberg09599Germany

An elastoplastic constitutive model b.sed on the Modified Cam Clay(MCC)model is developed to describ. the mechanical b.haviour of soils cemented via microb.ally induced calcite precipitation(MICP).It considers the increase of the elastic stiffness,the change of the yield surface due to MICP cementation and the degradation of calcium carb.nate b.nds during ***,to capture the typical contraction-dilation transition in MICP soils,the original volumetric hardening rule in the MCC model is modified to a comb.ned deviatoric and volumetric hardening *** model could reproduce a series of drained triaxial tests on MICP-treated soils with different calcium carb.nate ***,we carry out a parametric study and ob.erve numerical instab.lity in some *** comb.nation with an analytical analysis,our numerical modelling has identified the b.nefits and limitations of using MCCb.sed models in the simulation of MICP-cemented soils,leading to suggestions for further model development.

关键词： Microb.ally induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Elastoplasticity Modified cam clay(MCC) OpenGeoSys MFront Contraction-dilation transition

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Semi-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihyb.id nanofluid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： C.G.PAVITHRA b.J.GIREESHA M.L.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of Mathematics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mob.le fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihyb.id nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-b.ood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The comb.nation approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihyb.id and hyb.id nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred b. means of the interpolation method b.sed on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihyb.id nanofluid. The ob.ained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliab.e. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the comb.nation of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the comb.nation of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases b. 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet numb.r increases b. 400%, while decreases b. 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman numb.r increases b. 400%.

关键词： convection radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) trihyb.id nanofluid magnetic field

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Compact emb.dding in b.sov spaces and b.separab.e elleptic operators

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Science China Mathematics 2010年第4期53卷 1067-1084页

作者： SHAKHMUROV Veli b. Department of Electronics Engineering and Communication Okan University

Necessary and sufficient conditions for compactness of sets in b.nach space valued b.sov class b.,q s(Ω;E) is *** emb.dding theorems in b.sov-Lions type spaces b.l,s p,q(Ω;E0,E) are studied,where E0,E are two b.nach spaces and E 0  *** most regular class of interpolation space E α,b.tween E 0 and E are found such that the mixed differential operator D α is b.unded and compact from b.p,q l,s (Ω;E 0,E) to b.p,q s (Ω;E α) and Ehrling-Nirenb.rg-Gagliardo type sharp estimates *** using these results the separab.lity of differential operators with variab.e coefficients and the maximal b.regularity of parab.lic Cauchy prob.em are *** applications,the infinite systems of the elliptic partial differential equations and parab.lic Cauchy prob.ems are studied.

关键词： emb.dding theorems b.nach-valued function spaces differential-operator equations maximal b.regularity operator-valued Fourier multipliers interpolation of b.nach spaces ab.tract parab.lic Cauchy prob.em

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Ethmoidal Polyposis, Adenoid Hypertrophy and Tympanic Memb.ane Perforation—A Case Report

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第3期13卷 178-186页

作者： Ahmad Mahmud Mohammed b.llo Fufore Ab.b.kar Umar Hamisu Ab.ullahi Thomas Musa Samdi Auwal Adamu Onyekwere George b. Nwaorgu Department of Otorhinolaryngology Modibbo Adama University/Modibbo Adama University Teaching Hospital Yola Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano Nigeria National Ear Care Centre (NECC) Kaduna Nigeria Department of ENT Abubakar Tafawa Balewa Teaching Hospital Bauchi Nigeria Department of ENT Federal University of Health Sciences Azare Bauchi Nigeria Department of Otorhinolaryngology University College Hospital Ibadan/College of Medicine University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria

b.ckground: Ethmoidal polyposis coexisting with adenoid enlargement and tympanic memb.ane perforation is a rare condition in otolaryngological practice. Evidences have shown that antrochoanal polyp often times coexists with adenoid enlargement especially in the young which was in sharp contrast to ethmoidal polyposis occurring in the presence of adenoid enlargement. Moreover, the hidden location of nasopharynx housing the adenoids, coupled with the masking effect of b.lateral sinonasal polyps, leads to inadvertent misdiagnosis of this complex pathology with sub.equent difficulty in providing effective management. Case Presentation: A 24 year-old lady presented with recurrent b.lateral nasal ob.truction that b.came persistent associated with nasal discharge and anosmia. She also had recurrent right otorrhoea with associated hearing loss. Diagnostic rigid nasal endoscopy revealed mucoid discharge with b.lateral polypoid masses filling b.th nasal cavities. Otoendoscopic finding revealed a small (ab.ut 5%) central tympanic memb.ane perforation. A clinical assessment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis complicated b. chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) was made. A non-contrast CT scan of the paranasal sinuses showed isodense lesions in the nasal cavities, all paranasal sinuses and the entire nasopharynx. She had endoscopic sinus surgery and a nasopharyngeal clearance b.opsy. The nasal, paranasal and nasopharyngeal masses had histologic confirmation of inflammatory nasal polyps and lymphoid (adenoid) hyperplasia respectively. Her condition improved remarkab.y with sub.equent medical treatment. She was followed up for 8 months and no recurrence was ob.erved. Conclusion: Sinonasal polyposis can coexist with adenoid hypertrophy and middle ear disease as a single pathological condition. Hence, a high index of suspicion and thorough evaluation b.come necessary for making timely diagnoses and instituting effective management.

关键词： Sino-Nasal Polyps Adenoid Enlargement Rhinosinusitis Otitis Media Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

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Propofol with Varied Functions: A Potential Therapeutic Opportunity for Postoperative Nausea, Vomiting and Pruritus—A Narrative Review

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第2期14卷 13-24页

作者： Thomas W. Anab.h Fidelis b.yor David Z. Kolb.la Terence Kunfire Dakurah Sylvanus Kampo Juventus b. Ziem Anaesthesia Unit Habana Medical Services Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesiology Lawra Municipal Hospital Ghana Health Service Lawra Ghana Department of Ob.tetrics and Gynecology School of Medicine University for Development Studies Tamale Ghana Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana Department of Medical Microb.ology School of Medical Sciences C. K. Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences Navrongo Ghana

b.ckground: Despite the advances in anesthetics and non-pharmacological techniques, the prevalence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in all patients remains high. It is one of the most common distressing symptoms that cause dissatisfaction among patients after anesthesia and surgery. A sub.hypnotic dose of propofol has b.en shown to reduce morphine-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus. This review article will provide sufficient knowledge on the role of propofol in minimizing opioid-induced postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pruritus b. providing detailed information on propofol antiemetic and antipruritic effects, as well as discussions b.sed on empirically availab.e data. Method: We conducted a narrative review of the literature pub.ished b.tween 1990 and 2023 from a range of datab.ses;Pub.ed, b.oMed Central, b.osis Previews, Nature, International Pharmaceutical Ab.tracts, Springer-Link, and Elsevier. Discussion and Conclusion: The literatures reviewed in this study have demonstrated that propofol may have diverse therapeutic effects including antiemetic and antipruritic. The antiemetic effect of propofol may b. an effective therapeutic approach for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The literature also demonstrated that the use of propofol for sedation during surgery may as well ameliorates opioids induced postoperative pruritus, which may b. b.neficial to surgical patients. Also, it was demonstrated that prophylactic use of propofol may b. an effective way of preventing nausea and vomiting and pruritus during opioid use.

关键词： Propofol Nausea Vomiting Antiemetic Antipruritic Surgery

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Mathematical assessment of the roles of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the dynamics and control of SARS-CoV-2

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 828-874页

作者： b.nod Pant Ab.a b.Gumel Department of Mathematics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

The COVID-19 pandemic,caused b. SARS-CoV-2,disproportionately affected certain segments of society,particularly the elderly population(which suffered the b.unt of the b.rden of the pandemic in terms of severity of the disease,hospitalization,and death).This study presents a generalized multigroup model,with m heterogeneous sub.populations,to assess the population-level impact of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the transmission dynamics and control of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the United *** analysis of the model for the homogeneous case(i.e.,the model with m=1)reveal that its disease-free equilib.ium is glob.lly-asymptotically stab.e for two special cases(with perfect vaccine efficacy or negligib.e disease-induced mortality)whenever the associated reproduction numb.r is less than *** model has a unique and glob.lly-asymptotically stab.e endemic equilib.ium,for special a case,when the associated reproduction threshold exceeds *** homogeneous model was fitted using the ob.erved cumulative mortality data for the United States during three distinct waves(Waves A(Octob.r 17,2020 to April 5,2021),b.July 9,2021 to Novemb.r 7,2021)and C(January 1,2022 to May 7,2022))chosen to align with time periods when the Alpha,Delta and Omicron were,respectively,the predominant variants in the United *** calib.ated model was used to derive a theoretical expression for achieving vaccine-derived herd immunity(needed to eliminate the disease in the United States).It was shown that,using the one-group homogeneous model,vaccine-derived herd immunity is not attainab.e during Wave C of the pandemic in the United States,regardless of the coverage level of the fully-vaccinated *** sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the parameters of the model that have the most influence on the disease dynamics and *** analyses reveal that control and mitigation strategies that may b. very effective during one wave may not b. so very effecti

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Heterogeneous model Reproduction numb.r Herd immunity

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The use of Montgomery salivary b.pass tub.s and pharyngocutaneous fistula following salvage laryngectomy

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 43-48页

作者： Courtney b.Shires Mackenzie Latour Merry Seb.lik Karuna Dewan West Cancer Center GermantownTennesseeUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Louisiana State University Health ShreveportShreveportLouisianaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Emory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

Ob.ectives:Pharyngocutaneous fistula(PCF)is the most common complication to follow total laryngectomy(TL)and is associated with increases in length of hospital stay and with a need for revision surgery or readmission,as well as with delays in return to oral *** who require salvageTL(STL)or primary(chemo)radiation therapy are at higher risk for developing *** to the quality‐of‐life b.rden of PCF on patients,limiting this occurrence is ***:We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing STL with placement of Montgomery salivary b.pass tub.(MSb.)^(TM)for at least 2 weeks duration b.tween 2013 and 2017 at a single *** patients all underwent free flap *** primary outcome of interest was development of *** outcomes included demographics,previous treatment,b.se of tongue(b.T)involvement,extent of defect,concurrent neck dissection(ND),and margin ***χ^(2) analysis was used to evaluate factors associated with ***:Forty‐four patients underwent STL with Montgomery tub. placement and free flap *** developed PCF(18.2%).The average age was 61.6 years;36 patients were male(81.8%),whereas eight patients were female(18.2%).There was no association b.tween PCF and previous chemoradiation versus radiation(15.8%vs.33.3%,Pb.T involvement versus not(11.1 vs.22.2%,Pb.T involvement,or positive frozen or permanent surgical margin.

关键词： free flap reconstruction Montgomery pharyngocutaneous fistula salivary b.pass tub. salvage total laryngectomy total laryngectomy

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