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Effects of Imidacloprid and Varroa destructor on survival and health of European honey bees, Apis mellifera

Insect Science 2017年第3期24卷 467-477页

作者： Pendo m. Abbo Joshua K. Kawasaki michele hamilton Steven C. Cook Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman Wen Feng Li Jie Liu Yan Ping Chen Department of Biomedical Engineering Columbia University New York New York Department of microbiology & molecular Biology Brigham Young University Provo Utah USDA-ARS Bee Research Laboratory Beltsville Maryland USDA-ARS Carl Hayden Bee Research Center Tucson Arizona USA College of Bee Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China

There has been growing concern over declines in populations of honey bees and other pollinators which are a vital part to our food security. It is imperative to identify factors responsible for accelerated declines in bee populations and develop solutions for reversing bee losses. While exact causes of colony losses remain elusive, risk factors thought to play key roles are ectoparasitic mites Varroa destructor and neonicotinoid pesticides. The present study aims to investigate effects of a neonicotinoid pesticide Imidacloprid and Varroa mites individually on survivorship, growth, physiology, virus dynamics and immunity of honey bee workers. Our study provides clear evidence that the exposure to sublethal doses of Imidacloprid could exert a significantly negative effect on health and survival of honey bees. We observed a significant reduction in the titer ofvitellogenin （Vg）, an egg yolk precursor that regulates the honey bees development and behavior and often are linked to energy homeostasis, in bees exposed to lmidacloprid. This result indicates that sublethal exposure to neonicotinoid could lead to increased energy usage in honey bees as detoxification is a energy-consuming metabolic process and suggests that Vg could be a useful biomarker for measuring levels of energy stress and sublethal effects of pesticides on honey bees. measurement of the quantitative effects of different levels of Varroa mite infestation on the replication dynamic of Deformed wing virus （DWV）, an RNA virus associated with Varroa infestation, and expression level of immune genes yields unique insights into how honey bees respond to stressors under laboratory conditions.

关键词： Deformed wing virus honey bees Imidacloprid innate immunity Varroa

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Nitric oxide regulation of plant metabolism

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molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 228-242页

作者： Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta Vemula Chandra Kaladhar Teresa B.Fitzpatrick Alisdair R.Fernie ian max møller Gary J.Loake National Institute of Plant Genome Research Aruna Asaf Ali MargNew DelhiDelhi 110067 India Vitamins and Environmental Stress Responses in Plants Department of Botany and Plant BiologyUniversity of GenevaGeneva 1211 Switzerland max-Planck-Institute of molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 1Potsdam-Golm 14476 Germany Department of molecular Biology and Genetics Aarhus UniversityForsøgsvej 14200 SlagelseDenmark Institute of molecular Plant Sciences School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93BFUK

Nitric oxide(NO)has emerged as an important signal molecule in plants,having myriad roles in plant *** addition,NO also orchestrates both biotic and abiotic stress responses,during which intensive cellular metabolic reprogramming *** to these responses is the location of NO biosynthetic and scavenging pathways in diverse cellular compartments,enabling plants to effectively organize signal transduction *** regulates plant metabolism and,in turn,metabolic pathways reciprocally regu-late NO accumulation and ***,these diverse cellular processes are inextricably *** re-view addresses the numerous redox pathways,located in the various subcellular compartments that pro-duce NO,in addition to the mechanisms underpinning NO *** focus on how this molecular dance is integrated into the metabolic state of the *** this context,a reciprocal relationship be-tween NO accumulation and metabolite production is often *** also showcase cellular pathways,including those associated with nitrate reduction,that provide evidence for this integration of NO function and ***,we discuss the potential importance of the biochemical reactions governing NO levels in determining plant responses to a changing environment.

关键词： hypoxi amitochondria metabolism nitric oxide S-nitrosylation pyridoxine reactive nitrogen species reactive oxygen species

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Convolutional neural network to learn building-shape representations for early-stage energy design

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 463-478页

作者： manav mahan Singh ian F.C.Smith Georg Nemetschek Institute Artificial Intelligence for the Built World Technical University of MunichWalther-von-Dyck-Straße 10Garching bei München 85748Federal Republic of Germany

machine learning(mL)supports energy-efficient design by quickly predicting the building performance at early ***,existing mL approaches cannot easily learn geometrical representations and their interactions with technical specifications for predicting *** approaches of artificial neural networks(ANN)use either numerical parameters to represent building geometry or component-based mL(CBmL)to train trans-ferrable mL ***,both approaches have high generalisation errors for complex *** used a convolutional neural network(CNN)to learn geometrical representations of buildings and an autoencoder to optimise the training *** test existing approaches of ANN and CBmL with a proposed approach of CNN for different sizes of training *** the biggest training dataset,ANN,CBmL,and CNN have generalisation errors(root-mean-squared errors)of 1.35,1.60,and 0.77 kWh/a.m 2,*** CBmL has lower prediction errors on small datasets,CNN is more suitable for large ***,CNN most often has better prediction accuracy than ANN and trains faster on encoded *** CNN captures the effects of building geometry on energy predictions better than ANN and CBmL approaches,it is an attractive choice for early-stage energy design.

关键词： Energy performance ANN CNN Component-based mL Deep learning Autoencoders

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Extreme points, support points and the Loewner variation in several complex variables

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Science China mathematics 2012年第7期55卷 1353-1366页

作者： GRAHAm ian HAmADA Hidetaka KOHR Gabriela KOHR mirela Department of mathematics University of Toronto Toronto Ontario M5S 2E4 Canada Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Sangyo University 3-1 Matsukadai 2-Chome Higashi-ku Fukuoka 8138503 Japan Faculty of mathematics and Computer Science Babe s-Bolyai University 1 M. Koga lniceanu Str. Cluj-Napoca 400084 Romania Faculty of mathematics and Computer Science Babes-Bolyai University 1 M. Kogǎlniceanu Str. Cluj-Napoca 400084 Romania

In this paper we consider extreme points and support points for compact subclasses of normalized biholomorphic mappings of the Euclidean unit ball Bn in Cn. We consider the class So（Bn） of biholomorphic mappings on Bn which have parametric representation, i.e., they are the initial elements f（-, O） of a Loewner chain f（x,t） = etz ＋ ... such that {e-tf（.,t）}t≥o is a normal family on Bn. We show that if f（.,O） is an extreme point （respectively a support point） of So（Bn）, then e-t f（., t） is an extreme point of So（Bn） for t≥0 （respectively a support point of So（Bn） for t C [O, t0] and some to〉 0）. This is a generalization to the n-dimensional case of work due to Pell. Also, we prove analogous results for mappings which belong to So（Bn） and which are bounded in the norm by a fixed constant. We relate the study of this class to reachable sets in control theory generalizing work of Roth. Finally we consider extreme points and support points for biholomorphic mappings of Bn generated by using extension operators that preserve Loewner chains.

关键词： biholomorphic mapping Loewner chain parametric representation reachable set starlike map-ping

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Key Dolerite Dyke Swarms of Amazonia:U-Pb Constraints on Supercontinent Cycles and Geodynamic Connections with Global LIP Events Through Time

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第S1期90卷 84-85页

作者： Wilson TEIXEIRA mike A.hamilton Vicente A.V.GIRARDI Frederico m.FALEIROS University of Sao Paulo Institute of Geosciences Jack Satterly Geochronology Laboratory Department of Earth SciencesUniversity of Toronto

High-resolution U–Pb(ID-TImS,baddeleyite)ages are presented for mafic dykes from selected swarms in two important Amazonian regions:the Carajás Province in the east,and the Rio Apa block in the southwest–areas

关键词： Pb U-Pb Constraints on Supercontinent Cycles and Geodynamic Connections with Global LIP Events Through Time Key Dolerite Dyke Swarms of Amazonia LIP

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Do mantle plumes exist？

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Episodes 2006年第3期29卷 162-168页

作者： ian H. Campbell Geoffrey F. Davies Research School of Earth Sciences The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200 Australia

The physics of low Reynolds number plumes is well understood, which allows a number of testable predictions to be made about mantle plumes. They are predicted to originate from the core-mantle boundary and consist of a large head followed by a narrower tail. millions of cubic kilometers of magma can be produced from a plume head. Rifting over a previously-emplaced plume head should produce a narrow zone of thickened oceanic crust along the rift margin. Initial eruption from a plume head should be preceded by -1,000 m of domal uplift. Picrites are expected to dominate the first eruptive products of a new plume and should be concentrated near the centre of the volcanic province. All of these predictions are confirmed by observations, and so provide strong support for the validity of the mantle plume hypothesis.

关键词：地幔热流柱数值模型俯冲作用深部构造

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Comparison of stem taper models for the four tropical tree species in mount makiling, Philippines

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Journal of mountain Science 2016年第3期13卷 536-545页

作者： Roscinto ian C.LUmBRES Azyleah C.ABINO Nelson m.PAmPOLINA Feliciano G.CALORA Jr Young Jin LEE College of Forestry Benguet State University Resource management and Development Department Laguna Lake Development Authority Department of Forest Biological Sciences College of Forestry and Natural ResourcesUniversity of the Philippines Los Ba?os PCAARRD Department of Science and Technology Los Ba?os

This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of six stem taper models on four tropical tree species, namely Celtis luzonica(magabuyo),Diplodiscus paniculatus(Balobo), Parashorea malaanonan(Bagtikan), and Swietenia macrophylla(mahogany) in mount makiling Forest Reserve(mmFR), Philippines using fit statistics and lack-of-fit statistics. Four statistical criteria were used in this study, including the standard error of estimate(SEE),coefficient of determination(R^2), mean bias( E),and absolute mean difference(AmD). For the lack-offit statistics, SEE, E and AmD were determined in different relative height classes. The results indicated that the Kozak02 stem taper model offered the best fit for the four tropical species in most statistics. The Kozak02 model also consistently provided the best performance in the lack-of-fit statistics with the best SEE, E and AmD in most of the relative height classes. These stem taper equations could help forest managers and researchers better estimate the diameter of the outside bark with any given height,merchantable stem volumes and total stem volumes of standing trees belonging to the four species of thetropical forest in mmFR.

关键词： mount makiling Forest Reserve Stem volume estimation Diameter outside bark Kozak model Tropical tree species

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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES OF POLYmER SURFACE RELAXATION FROm THE BULK?

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2011年第1期29卷 81-86页

作者： ian mann Ryan m.Van Horn Jason J.Ge matthew J.Graham Frank W.Harris Stephen Z.D.Cheng College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering Department of Polymer Sciencethe University of Akron

The polymer surface relaxation in thin films has been a long debating issue. We report a new method on studying surface relaxation behaviors of polymer thin films on a solid substrate. This method involved utilizing a rubbed polyimide surface with a pretilting angle in a liquid crystalline cell. Due to the surface alignment, the liquid crystals were aligned along the rubbing direction. During heating the liquid crystalline cell, we continuously monitored the change of orientation of the liquid crystals. It is understood that at a temperature where the orientation of liquid crystal is lost, the surface relaxation on the glass substrate takes place to lose the polyimide surface orientation. It was found that the relaxation temperature at which the liquid crystals lose their orientation depends on the film thickness of the polyimide. A quantitative linear relationship between the relaxation temperature and reciprocal of the film thickness can be observed. Furthermore, different topologies of the rubbed and relaxed thin films were amplified using the polyethylene decoration method and observed using atomic force microscopy.

关键词： Surface relaxation Liquid crystal orientation Polyethylene decoration.

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Computed tomography overestimation of esophageal tumor length: Implications for radiotherapy planning

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2010年第4期2卷 197-204页

作者： Karim Sillah Luke R Williams Hans-Ulrich Laasch Azeem Saleem Gillian Watkins Susan A Pritchard Patricia m Price Catharine m West ian m Welch Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation TrustSouthmoor RoadManchester M23 9LTUnited Kingdom School of Cancer&Enabling Sciences University of ManchesterChristie HospitalWilmslow RoadManchester M20 4BXUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation TrustSouthmoor RoadManchester M23 9LTUnited Kingdom Department of Radiology The Christie NHS Foundation TrustWilmslow RoadManchester M20 4BXUnited Kingdom Department of Histopathology University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation TrustSouthmoor RoadManchester M23 9LTUnited Kingdom

AIm:To assess the relationship between preoperative computed tomography(CT)and postoperative pathological measurements of esophageal tumor length and the prognostic significance of CT tumor length ***:A retrospective study was carried out in 56 patients who underwent curative *** lengths were measured on the immediate preoperative CT and on the post-operative resection ***-and intra-observer variations in CT measurements were *** data were ***:There was a weak correlation between CT and pathological tumor length(r=0.30,P=0.025).CT lengths were longer than pathological lengths in 68%(38/56)of patients with a mean difference of 1.67 cm(95%CI:1.18-2.97).The mean difference in measurements by two radiologists was 0.39 cm(95% CI:-0.59-1.44).The mean difference between repeat CT measured tumor length(intra-observer variation) were 0.04 cm(95%CI:-0.59-0.66)and 0.47 cm (95%CI:-0.53-1.47).When stratified,patients not receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed a strong correlation between CT and pathological tumor length(r =0.69,P=0.0014,n=37)than patients that did(r= 0.13,P=0.43,n=19).median survival with CT tumor length>5.6 cm was poorer than with smaller tumors,but the difference was not statistically ***:Esophageal tumor length assessed using CT does not reflect pathological tumor extent and should not be the only modality used for management decisions,particularly for planning radiotherapy.

关键词： Computed tomography Esophageal cancer Radiotherapy

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Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma m Coghill Timothy Johnson Russell E morris ian L megson Stephen J Leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Johnson matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

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